Explainable AI for Education: Recent Trends and Challenges
暫譯: 教育中的可解釋人工智慧：近期趨勢與挑戰

《可解釋的人工智慧在教育中的應用：近期趨勢與挑戰》是對人工智慧（AI）與教育交集的全面探索。在本書中，我們深入探討在教育環境中部署的AI系統對透明度和可解釋性的迫切需求。

**主要主題**

**理解教育中的AI：**
我們提供了在教育環境中常用的AI技術的簡要概述，包括推薦系統、個性化學習和評估工具。
讀者將獲得有關AI在教育中採用的潛在好處和風險的見解。

**黑箱問題：**
AI模型通常作為「黑箱」運作，使得理解其決策過程變得具有挑戰性。
我們討論了這種不透明性的影響，並強調可解釋性的重要性。

**可解釋的AI（XAI）技術：**
從基於規則的方法到神經網絡的可解釋性，我們探討了使AI模型更透明的各種方法。
範例和案例研究說明了XAI如何提升教育成果。

**倫理考量：**
隨著AI在教育中越來越多地被整合，倫理困境隨之而來。
我們針對偏見、公平性和問責制等問題進行探討，強調負責任的AI實踐。

**未來方向：**
我們的書展望未來，考慮AI不斷演變的格局及其對教育的影響。
我們提出了促進教育機構採用XAI的研究方向和實際步驟。

Dr. Tanu Singh is a highly liked professor at UPES, with a distinguished teaching career spanning over 7 years characterized by an unwavering commitment to excellence. She earned her Full-time PhD in Computer Science and Engineering from GGSIPU, New Delhi in 2022, following her Full-time MTech in CSE from PTU, Punjab in 2014, and her Full-time Graduation (BTech - IT) from PTU, Punjab in 2011. Proficient in Core Computer Science, software engineering, data analytics, and data warehousing, Dr. Singh has consistently showcased her proficiency in both teaching and research. Joining UPES in 2022, Dr. Singh has devoted herself to the advancement of education and research, embodying a deep-seated passion for nurturing the next generation of scholars. Her pedagogical approach is rooted in fostering continual growth and academic excellence among her students. With a robust academic background and over seven years of cumulative experience, she brings a wealth of knowledge and expertise to her role. Dr. Tanu Singh's contributions extend beyond the classroom, evidenced by her numerous publications, book chapters and patents. Her research endeavours cover a diverse array of topics, including data science, machine learning, and IoT, among others. Notably, her innovative ideas are not confined to theory; Dr. Singh has demonstrated her ability to translate concepts into practical solutions through her patent and design registrations. Committed to driving innovation and making meaningful contributions to her field, Dr. Singh remains dedicated to pushing the boundaries of knowledge and inspiring future generations.

Dr. Soumi Dutta is Associate Professor at Sister Nivedita University, India. She has completed her Ph.D(CST), IIEST, Shibpur. She received her B.Tech(IT) and M.Tech(CSE) securing 1st position (Gold medallist), from MAKAUT. She is certified as Publons Academy Peer Reviewer, 2020 and Certified Microsoft Innovative Educator, 2020. Her research interests are Data Mining, Information Retrieval, Online Social Media Analysis and Image Processing. She has published 51 conference and journal papers in Springer, IEEE, IGI Global, Taylor & Francis etc. She has 17 Book in Palgrave Macmillian, Springer, IET and IGI Global. She is peer reviewer and TPC member in different international journals. She was the editor in CIPR 2020, CIPR2019, IEMIS 2020, CIIR 2021, IEMIS 2018, IEMIS 2022, ICIDA 2022, ICIDA 2023, CIIR 2023 and special issues in IJWLTT. She is the member of several technical functional bodies such as CSI, ACM, IEEE, IFERP, MACUL, SDIWC, Internet Society, ICSES, ASR, AIDASCO, USERN, IRAN, IAENG. She has published 7 patents and 1 Copyright. She has one Authored book in Elsevier. Dr. Soumi Dutta has delivered 39 Keynote talks in Different International Conferences. She has been awarded with Rashtriya Shiksha Ratna Award, InSc Research Education Excellence Award, International Teacher Award 2020-21 by Ministry of MSME, Government of India.

Dr Sonali Vyas She is serving as an academician and researcher for more than 13 years. Currently, she is working as an Associate Professor in the School of Computer Science at University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Uttarakhand. Her research interests include Healthcare Informatics, Data Analytics, Database Virtualization, Data Mining, and Big Data Analytics. She is a professional member of Senior Member-IEEE, ACM-India, CSI, IFERP, IAENG, ISOC, SCRS and IJERT. She has authored an ample number of research papers, articles and chapters in refereed journals/conference proceedings and books. She authored and edited many books like "Smart Health Systems", Springer and "Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Concepts", SIPH, "Blockchain Technology: Exploring Opportunities, Challenges, and Applications. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group", "Pervasive Computing: A Networking Perspective and Future Directions", Springer Nature and "Smart Farming Technologies for Sustainable Agricultural Development, IGI Global". She acted as a guest editor in a special issue of "Machine Learning and Software Systems" in "Journal of Statistics & Management Systems (JSMS)" (Thomson Reuters)". She has also authored 4 patents in the research area of Smart and sustainable systems. She has also acted as a Resource Person in AICTE-ISTE Faculty Refresher Course on "Embedded Systems, IoT, Pervasive Computing" and delivered many talks reputed International and National Conferences. She is also a member of the Editorial Board and Reviewer Board in many referred National and International journals. She has also been a member of the Organizing Committee, National Advisory Board and Technical Program Committee at many International and National conferences. She has also Chaired Sessions at various reputed International and National Conferences. She has been awarded "Young Researcher Award 2022, by Universal Innovators Leadership Awards (UILA 2022)", "National Distinguished Educator Award 2021" and "International Young Researcher Award 2021", instituted by the "International Institute of Organized Research (I2OR) which is a registered MSME, Government of India" and Green ThinkerZ. Also awarded as "Women Researcher Award 2021", by VDGOOD Professional Association in International Conference on Award winners in Engineering, Science and Medicine. Also awarded as "Best Academician of the Year Award (Female)" in "Global Education and Corporate Leadership Awards (GECL-2018)".

Álvaro Rocha was listed in 2023 as World's 1% Top Scientists by Stanford University and Elsevier, World's Top 0.05% Scientist by ScholarGPS, and World's Top 1% Scientist by ResearchGate for the fields of Information Science and Information Systems. He is Professor at ISEG, University of Lisbon, Invited Professor at University of Calabria, Honorary Professor at Amity University, President of ITMA - Information and Technology Management Association, Vice-Chair of IEEE SMC Portugal Chapter, and Book Series Scientific Manager at Springer-Nature. He holds the title of Honorary Professor, and holds a D.Sc. in Information Science, Ph.D. in Information Systems and Technologies, M.Sc. in Information Management, and BCs in Computer Science. He is researcher at the ADVANCE (the ISEG Centre for Advanced Research in Management), and a collaborator researcher at CINTESIS (Center for Research in Health Technologies and Information Systems). His main research interests are maturity models, information systems quality, online service quality, requirements engineering, intelligent information systems, e-Government, e-Health, and information technology in education. He is also Founder and Editor-in-Chief of both following Scopus and/or WoS journals: JISEM (Journal of Information Systems Engineering & Management) and RISTI (Revista Ibérica de Sistemas e Tecnologias de Informação / Iberian Journal of Information Systems and Technologies). Moreover, he has served as Vice-Chair of Experts for the European Commission's Horizon 2020 Program, and as an Expert at the COST - intergovernmental framework for European Cooperation in Science and Technology, at the European Commission's Horizon Europe Program, at the Government of Italy's Ministry of Universities and Research, at the Government of Latvia's Ministry of Finance, at the Government of Mexico's National Council of Science and Technology, at the Government of Polish's National Science Centre, at the Government of Cyprus's Research and Innovation Foundation, and at the Government of Slovak's Research Agency.

塔努·辛格博士是UPES的一位受人喜愛的教授，擁有超過7年的卓越教學經歷，展現出對卓越的堅定承諾。她於2022年在新德里的GGSIPU獲得計算機科學與工程的全日制博士學位，之前於2014年在旁遮普的PTU獲得計算機科學與工程的全日制碩士學位，並於2011年在PTU獲得計算機科學與工程的全日制學士學位（BTech - IT）。辛格博士精通核心計算機科學、軟體工程、數據分析和數據倉儲，並在教學和研究方面持續展現出她的專業能力。自2022年加入UPES以來，辛格博士致力於教育和研究的推進，體現了她對培養下一代學者的深厚熱情。她的教學方法根植於促進學生的持續成長和學術卓越。憑藉堅實的學術背景和超過七年的累積經驗，她為自己的角色帶來了豐富的知識和專業技能。塔努·辛格博士的貢獻超越了課堂，通過她的多篇出版物、書籍章節和專利得以證明。她的研究涵蓋了多樣的主題，包括數據科學、機器學習和物聯網等。值得注意的是，她的創新想法不僅限於理論；辛格博士已展示出將概念轉化為實際解決方案的能力，通過她的專利和設計註冊。辛格博士致力於推動創新並對她的領域做出有意義的貢獻，始終專注於拓展知識的邊界並激勵未來的世代。

索米·達塔博士是印度姐妹尼維達大學的副教授。她在IIEST Shibpur完成了她的博士學位（CST）。她在MAKAUT獲得了B.Tech（IT）和M.Tech（CSE），並獲得第一名（金獎）。她於2020年獲得Publons Academy的同行評審認證，並於2020年獲得微軟創新教育者認證。她的研究興趣包括數據挖掘、信息檢索、在線社交媒體分析和圖像處理。她在Springer、IEEE、IGI Global、Taylor & Francis等期刊和會議上發表了51篇論文。她在Palgrave Macmillan、Springer、IET和IGI Global出版了17本書。她是多個國際期刊的同行評審和TPC成員。她曾擔任CIPR 2020、CIPR 2019、IEMIS 2020、CIIR 2021、IEMIS 2018、IEMIS 2022、ICIDA 2022、ICIDA 2023、CIIR 2023及IJWLTT特刊的編輯。她是多個技術功能機構的成員，如CSI、ACM、IEEE、IFERP、MACUL、SDIWC、互聯網協會、ICSES、ASR、AIDASCO、USERN、IRAN、IAENG。她已發表7項專利和1項版權。她在Elsevier出版了一本著作。索米·達塔博士在不同的國際會議上發表了39場主題演講。她獲得了由印度政府微型、中小企業部頒發的國家教育卓越獎、InSc研究教育卓越獎和2020-21國際教師獎。

索納莉·維亞斯博士在學術界和研究領域服務超過13年。目前，她在烏塔拉坎德的石油與能源研究大學的計算機科學學院擔任副教授。她的研究興趣包括醫療信息學、數據分析、數據庫虛擬化、數據挖掘和大數據分析。她是IEEE高級會員、ACM-印度、CSI、IFERP、IAENG、ISOC、SCRS和IJERT的專業成員。她在同行評審的期刊、會議論文集和書籍中發表了大量研究論文、文章和章節。她編著和編輯了多本書籍，如'智慧健康系統'，Springer和'人工智慧與機器學習概念'，SIPH、'區塊鏈技術：探索機會、挑戰和應用'，CRC Press，Taylor & Francis Group'， '普遍計算：網絡視角與未來方向'，Springer Nature和'可持續農業發展的智慧農業技術'，IGI Global。她在'機器學習與軟體系統'的特刊中擔任客座編輯，該期刊為'統計與管理系統期刊（JSMS）'（Thomson Reuters）。她在智慧和可持續系統的研究領域擁有4項專利。她還在AICTE-ISTE教師進修課程中擔任資源人員，主題為'嵌入式系統、物聯網、普遍計算'，並在多個國際和國內會議上發表了多場演講。她還是多個國內外期刊的編輯委員會和評審委員會成員。她曾擔任多個國際和國內會議的組織委員會、國家諮詢委員會和技術程序委員會成員。她在多個知名的國際和國內會議上擔任過會議主席。她獲得了'2022年青年研究者獎，由全球創新領導獎（UILA 2022）頒發'、'2021年國家傑出教育者獎'和'2021年國際青年研究者獎'，由'國際組織研究所（I2OR）頒發，該機構為印度政府的註冊微型、中小企業'和綠色思想者頒發。此外，她還獲得了'2021年女性研究者獎'，由VDGOOD專業協會在工程、科學和醫學的國際會議上頒發的獲獎者。她還在'全球教育與企業領導獎（GECL-2018）'中獲得了'年度最佳女學者獎'。

阿爾瓦羅·羅查於2023年被斯坦福大學和Elsevier列為全球前1%的頂尖科學家，並被ScholarGPS列為全球前0.05%的科學家，還被ResearchGate列為全球前1%的科學家，專注於信息科學和信息系統領域。他是里斯本大學ISEG的教授，卡拉布里亞大學的受邀教授，阿米提大學的榮譽教授，ITMA - 信息與技術管理協會的會長，IEEE SMC葡萄牙分會的副主席，以及Springer-Nature的書籍系列科學經理。他擁有榮譽教授的頭銜，並擁有信息科學的D.Sc.、信息系統與技術的博士學位、信息管理的碩士學位和計算機科學的學士學位。他是ADVANCE（ISEG高級管理研究中心）的研究員，並在CINTESIS（健康技術與信息系統研究中心）擔任合作研究員。他的主要研究興趣包括成熟度模型、信息系統質量、在線服務質量、需求工程、智能信息系統、電子政府、電子健康和教育中的信息技術。他還是以下兩本Scopus和/或WoS期刊的創始人和主編：JISEM（信息系統工程與管理期刊）和RISTI（伊比利亞信息系統與技術期刊）。此外，他曾擔任歐洲委員會Horizon 2020計劃的專家副主席，並在多個政府機構擔任專家，包括意大利政府的高等教育與研究部、拉脫維亞政府的財政部、墨西哥政府的國家科學與技術委員會、波蘭政府的國家科學中心、塞浦路斯政府的研究與創新基金會，以及斯洛伐克政府的研究機構。