Grid Networks: Enabling Grids with Advanced Communication Technology

A book that bridges the gap between the communities of network and Grid experts.

Grid Networks describes the convergence of advanced networking technologies and Grid technologies, with special focus on their symbiotic relationship and the resulting new opportunities. Grid technology is applicable to many implementations, Computational Grids, Data Grids, Service Grids, and Instrumentation Grids.

The authors cover a breadth of topics including recent research, featuring both theoretical concepts and empirical results. Beginning with an overview of Grid technologies, an analysis of distinguishing use cases and architectural attributes, and emerging standards. Travostino et al. discuss new directions in multiple networking technologies that are enabling enhanced capabilities for Grids. An appendix also provides an overview of experimental research test-beds and prototype implementations.

These topics will enable network experts to design networks to best match Grid requirements, while Grid experts will learn how to effectively utilize network resources.

Grid Networks: Enabling Grids with Advanced Communication Technology:

• Bridges the gap between the communities of network and Grid experts.
• Covers new network requirements posed by the Grid, and the paradigm shifts prompted by Grid applications.
• Discusses basic architectural concepts and directions related to the integration of Grid and networking technologies, especially those that elevate network resources to first class entities within Grid environments.
• Details new directions in networking technologies for the Grid, including Network Infrastructure & Management, Service Provisioning, High Performance Data Transport, Performance Monitoring, Reliability, and Network-Assisted Service Frameworks.
• Provides an overview of advanced research testbeds and innovative early implementations of emerging architecture and technology.

Many communities will find this book an invaluable resource, including engineers and product managers, research scientists within academia, industry, and government agencies, advanced students and faculty in distributed systems courses, network and systems architects, CIOs, administrators of advanced networks, application developers, and providers of next generation distributed services.

 

Editors and Contributors.

Contributors.

Foreword.

Acknowledgments.

Introduction: The Grid and Grid Networks.

1. The Grid and Grid Network Services (Joe Mambretti).

1.1 Introduction.

1.2 Network Resources as First-class Grid Entities.

1.3 The General Attributes of Grids.

1.4 Types of Grids.

1.5 Grid Networks and Emerging Communication Technologies.

2. Grid Network Requirements and Driver Applications.

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Grid Network Requirements for Large-scale Visualization and Collaboration (Jason Leigh, Luc Renambot, and Maxine Brown).

2.3 Large-scale E-science (Peter Clarke).

2.4 Data Mining (Robert Grossman).

2.5 CineGrid, a Grid for Digital Cinema (Tom DeFanti, Laurin Herr, and Natalie Van Osdol).

2.6 Distributed Aircraft Maintenance Environment (DAME) (Tom Jackson, Jim Austin, and Martyn Fletcher).

2.7 Financial Services: Regulatory and Market Forces Motivating a Move to Grid Networks (Robert B. Cohen).

2.8 Summary of Requirements 47

3. Grid Network Requirements and Architecture (Joe Mambretti and Franco Travostino).

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Requirements.

3.3 Translating Requirements to Architecture.

4. Relevant Emerging Network Architecture from Standards Bodies (Franco Travostino).

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Global Grid Forum (GGF).

4.3 Enterprise Grid Alliance (EGA).

4.4 Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS).

4.5 World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

4.6 The IPSphere Forum.

4.7 MPI Forum.

4.8 Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).

4.9 Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF).

4.10 International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T).

4.11 Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF).

4.12 Infiniband Trade Association (IBTA).

4.13 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).

5. Grid Network Services and Implications for Network Service Design (Joe Mambretti, Bill St. Arnaud, Tom DeFanti, Maxine Brown, and Kees Neggers).

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Traditional Communications Services Architecture.

5.3 Grid Architecture as a Service Platform.

5.4 Network Services Architecture: An Overview.

5.5 Grid Network Services Implications.

5.6 Grid Network Services and Network Services.

5.7 Grid Network Service Components.

5.8 New Techniques for Grid Network Services Provisioning.

5.9 Examples of Grid Network Services Prototypes.

5.10 Distributed Facilities for Services Oriented Networking.

6. Grid Network Services: Building on Multiservice Networks (Joe Mambretti).

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Grid Network Services and Traditional Network Services.

6.3 Network Service Concepts and the End-to-end Principle.

6.4 Grid Architecture and the Simplicity Principle.

6.5 Grids and Internet Transport Layer Services.

6.6 IETF Differentiated Services.

6.7 Gara and DiffServ.

6.8 Grids and Nonrouted Networks.

6.9 Layer 2 Services and Quality Standards.

6.10 Layer 1 Services and Quality Standards.

6.11 The Grid and Network Services.

7. Grid Network Middleware (Franco Travostino and Doan Hoang).

7.1 Introduction.

7.2 Definitions.

7.3 Grid Infrastructure Software.

7.4 Grid Network Infrastructure Software.

7.5 Components of Grid Network Infrastructure.

8. Grid Networks and TCP Services, Protocols, and Technologies (Bartek Wydrowski, Sanjay Hegde, Martin Suchara, Ryan Witt, and Steven Low).

8.1 Introduction.

8.2 Background and Theoretical basis for Current Structure of Transport Layer Protocols.

8.3 Enhanced Internet Transport Protocols.

8.4 Transport Protocols based on Specialized Router Processing.

8.5 TCP and UDP.

9. Grid Networks and UDP Services, Protocols, and Technologies (Jason Leigh, Eric He, and Robert Grossman).

9.1 Introduction.

9.2 Transport Protocols based on the User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

9.3 Lambdastream.

9.4 Grid Applications and Transport Protocols.

9.5 The Quanta Toolkit.

9.6 Grids and Internet Transport.

10. Grid Networks and Layer 3 Services (Joe Mambretti and Franco Travostino).

10.1 Introduction.

10.2 The Internet and the End-To-End Principle.

10.3 The Internet and Layer 3 Services.

10.4 Grid Experimentation with DiffServ-Based Quality of Service.

10.5 Internet Routing Functions.

10.6 Layer 3 Addressing and Network Address Translators (NATS).

10.7 IP Version 6.

10.8 Subsecond IGP Recovery.

10.9 Internet Security using Internet Protocol Security.

10.10 IP Multicast.

10.11 Internet Layer 3 Services.

11. Layer 2 Technologies and Grid Networks (John Strand, Angela Chiu, David Martin, and Franco Travostino).

11.1 Introduction.

11.2 Layer 2 Technologies and Grid Requirements.

11.3 Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS).

11.4 Ethernet Architecture and Services.

11.5 Pseudo-Wire Emulation (PWE) and Virtual Private Lan Services Over MPLS (VPLS).

11.6 Layers 2/1 Data Plane Integration.

11.7 Resilient Packet Rings (RPR).

11.8 User–Network Interfaces.

11.9 Optical Interworking Forum Interoperability Demonstration.

11.10 Infiniband.

12. Grid Networks and Layer 1 Services (Gigi Karmous-Edwards, Joe Mambretti, Dimitra Simeonidou, Admela Jukan, Tzvetelina Battestilli, Harry Perros, Yufeng Xin, and John Strand).

12.1 Introduction.

12.2 Recent Advances in Optical Networking Technology and Responses.

12.3 Behavioral Control of Layer 1 Networks.

12.4 Current Research Challenges for Layer 1 Services.

12.5 All-Photonic Grid Network Services.

12.6 Optical Burst Switching and Grid Infrastructure.

13. Network Performance Monitoring, Fault Detection, Recovery, and Restoration (Richard Hughes-Jones, Yufeng Xin, Gigi Karmous-Edwards, John Strand).

13.1 Introduction.

13.2 Monitoring Characteristics.

13.3 Network Monitoring Instrumentation and Analysis.

13.4 General Considerations on Availability.

13.5 Fault Detection.

13.6 Recovery and Restoration.

13.7 Integrated Fault Management.

14. Grid Network Services Infrastructure (Cees de Laat, Freek Dijkstra, and Joe Mambretti).

14.1 Introduction.

14.2 Creating Next-Generation Network Services and Infrastructure.

14.3 Large-Scale Distributed Facilities.

14.4 Designs for an Open Services Communications Exchange.

14.5 Open Grid Optical Exchanges.

14.6 Prototype Implementations.

15. Emerging Grid Networking Services and Technologies (Joe Mambretti, Roger Helkey, Olivier Jerphagnon, John Bowers, and Franco Travostino).

15.1 Introduction.

15.2 New Enabling Technologies.

15.3 Edge Technologies.

15.4 Wireless Technologies.

15.5 Access Technologies.

15.6 Core Technologies.

15.7 Photonic Integrated Circuits (PIC).

Appendix: Advanced Networking Research Testbeds and Prototype Implementations.

A.1 Introduction.

A.2 Testbeds.

A.3 Prototype Implementations.

A.4 National and International Next Generation Communications Infrastructure.

A.5 International Facilities.

Index.