智能簡史——無盡的前沿

[加]於非(Yu Fei)

  • 出版商: 清華大學
  • 出版日期: 2024-03-01
  • 定價: $474
  • 售價: 8.5$403
  • 語言: 簡體中文
  • ISBN: 7302653577
  • ISBN-13: 9787302653578
  • 下單後立即進貨 (約2週~3週)

  • 智能簡史——無盡的前沿-preview-1
  • 智能簡史——無盡的前沿-preview-2
  • 智能簡史——無盡的前沿-preview-3
智能簡史——無盡的前沿-preview-1

相關主題

商品描述

本書系統地講述了智能現象的發展歷史。全書共分為9 章。第1 章介紹本書的寫作 背景、智能的不同定義、智能現象問題、智能現象新的假說;第2 章介紹宇宙從無到有 (物質、能量和空間)、不安分的宇宙、改變以穩定宇宙等內容;第3 章介紹物理學中的 智能,包括美麗的物理世界、引力智能、引力和暗能量、熵引力、最小作用量原理、量 子隱形傳態等內容;第4 章介紹化學中的智能,包括化學發展的簡要歷程、耗散結構、 熵增、**熵產生;第5 章介紹生物學中的智能,包括生命的定義、生命為什麽存在、 微生物的智能、植物的智能、動物的智能;第6 章介紹人類的智能,包括大腦中的新皮 質、人類特殊的思維方式、關於大腦的理論(貝葉斯大腦假說、高效編碼原理、神經達 爾文主義、自由能最小原理),以及信息過載與信息繭房;第7 章介紹機器的智能,包括 1950 年之前的智能機器、AI 的誕生、符號主義、聯結主義(感知機、機器學習、梯度下 降算法、反向傳播算法、監督學習、無監督學習、自監督學習、神經網絡架構)、行為主 義(行為智能、強化學習),以及學派之爭與統一;第8 章介紹通用人工智能的**進展、 智能的本質和智能科學;第9 章回顧人類科技歷史中涉及的幾個要素,介紹促進宇宙穩 定的技術發明、物質網聯、能源網聯、信息網聯、智能網聯、如何量化智能、智能網聯 面臨的挑戰、智能網聯的應用、元宇宙。本書後記給出了本書的總結與未來展望。 本書是科普讀物,也可以作為人工智能學習、研究、開發的參考書。

目錄大綱

                                            第  1 章  引言                          1

                                            參考文獻                                7

                                            第  2 章  使宇宙更加穩定                     8

                                            2.1   宇宙從無到有:物質、 

                                                  能量和空間                         8

                                            2.2   不安分的宇宙                       10

                                            2.3   改變以穩定宇宙                      13

                                            參考文獻                               14

                                            第  3 章  物理學中的智能                    15

                                            3.1   美麗的物理世界                      16

                                            3.2   引力智能                         17

排版1.indd   5                                                                          2024/3/16   15:11:02                 智能簡史—無盡的前沿

                                            3.3  引力和暗能量                       21

                                            3.4  熵引力                          23

                                            3.5  最小作用量原理                      24

                                            3.6  量子隱形傳態                       29

                                            參考文獻                              32

                                            第 4 章  化學中的智能                     34

                                            4.1  化學發展的簡要歷程                    35

                                            4.2  耗散結構:秩序源於混沌                  38

                                            4.3  熵增:時間之箭                      46

                                            4.4  最大熵產生                        51

                                            參考文獻                              52

                                            第 5 章  生物學中的智能                    54

                                            5.1  生命是什麽                        55

                                            5.2  生命為什麽存在                      57

                                                 5.2.1  化學進化學說                58

                                                 5.2.2  生命的產生不可避免 

                                                        學說                    61

                                                 5.2.3  自我復制                  66

                                                 5.2.4  分形幾何結構                67

                                            5.3  微生物的智能                       70

                                                 5.3.1  微生物                   70

               VI

排版1.indd   6                                                                          2024/3/16   15:11:02                                                                             目錄

                                                 5.3.2  智能的黏菌                  72

                                                 5.3.3  頑強的微生物                 77

                                            5.4   植物的智能                        79

                                                 5.4.1  發達的感官系統                80

                                                 5.4.2  智能決策                   82

                                            5.5   動物的智能                        86

                                                 5.5.1  使用工具                   86

                                                 5.5.2  動物語言和社交                88

                                            參考文獻                               90

                                            第  6 章  人類的智能                      93

                                            6.1   大腦中的新皮質:一種有效的 

                                                  結構                           94

                                            6.2   人類特殊的思維方式                    97

                                                 6.2.1  抽象等級與模式                97

                                                 6.2.2  人類的八卦能力               101

                                                 6.2.3   緩解信息不平衡以 

                                                        促成穩定                  106

                                            6.3   關於大腦的理論                     109

                                                 6.3.1  貝葉斯大腦假說               110

                                                 6.3.2  高效編碼原理                113

                                                 6.3.3  神經達爾文主義               114

                                                                               VII

排版1.indd   7                                                                          2024/3/16   15:11:02                 智能簡史—無盡的前沿

                                                 6.3.4  自由能最小原理              116

                                            6.4  信息過載與信息繭房                   120

                                            參考文獻                             126

                                            第 7 章  機器的智能                     129

                                            7.1  1950 年之前的智能機器               130

                                            7.2 1940—1960      年: 

                                                 AI 的誕生                      133

                                                 7.2.1  AI 相關技術的發展           133

                                                 7.2.2  人工智能概念的提出            135

                                            7.3  符號主義                        136

                                                 7.3.1  符號主義     AI 的成果      140

                                                 7.3.2  第一個人工智能冬天            142

                                            7.4  聯結主義                        144

                                                 7.4.1  感知機                  145

                                                 7.4.2  機器學習                 147

                                                 7.4.3  梯度下降算法               149

                                                 7.4.4  反向傳播算法               152

                                                 7.4.5  監督學習                 153

                                                 7.4.6  無監督學習                155

                                                 7.4.7  自監督學習                156

                                                 7.4.8  神經網絡架構               157

               VIII

排版1.indd   8                                                                          2024/3/16   15:11:02                                                                             目錄

                                            7.5   行為主義                       171

                                                 7.5.1  行為智能                  171

                                                 7.5.2  強化學習                  172

                                            7.6   學派之爭與統一                     177

                                            參考文獻                             179

                                            第  8 章  通用人工智能                   182

                                            8.1   通用人工智能即將實現的 

                                                  觀點                         183

                                            8.2   通用人工智能近期無法 

                                                  實現的觀點                      186

                                            8.3   智能的本質和智能科學                 191

                                            參考文獻                             195

                                            第  9 章  物質、能量、信息和智能              197

                                            9.1   技術發明促進宇宙的穩定                198

                                            9.2   物質網聯—交通網格                  199

                                            9.3   能源網聯—能源網格                   202

                                            9.4   信息網聯—互聯網                    204

                                            9.5   智能網聯—智能無處不在  209

                                                 9.5.1  信息、模型、行動 

                                                        三位一體                  209

                                                 9.5.2  智能網聯架構                213

                                            9.6   如何量化智能                      218

                                                                               IX

排版1.indd   9                                                                          2024/3/16   15:11:02                 智能簡史—無盡的前沿

                                            9.7  智能網聯面臨的挑戰                   223

                                                 9.7.1  安全與隱私                223

                                                 9.7.2  海量數據                 227

                                                 9.7.3  巨大算力                 227

                                                 9.7.4  協議設計                 228

                                                 9.7.5  智能發現                 229

                                            9.8  智能網聯的應用                     230

                                                 9.8.1  智能交通與自動駕駛            230

                                                 9.8.2  智能製造                 233

                                                 9.8.3  集體學習                 234

                                            9.9  元宇宙                         237

                                                 9.9.1  元宇宙的背景               238

                                                 9.9.2  元宇宙的概念與特徵            239

                                                 9.9.3  元宇宙涉及的主要 

                                                        技術                   240

                                                 9.9.4  元宇宙的演進               241

                                            參考文獻                             242

                                            後記                               244

               X

排版1.indd   10                                                                         2024/3/16   15:11:02