Bioarchaeology of Impairment and Disability: Theoretical, Ethnohistorical, and Methodological Perspectives
暫譯: 傷殘與障礙的生物考古學：理論、民族歷史與方法論的視角

多年來，生物考古學中對於損傷（impairment）進行了討論，一些學者提供了仔細的背景解釋，說明其原因和後果。這類研究通常採用個案研究的方法，並專注於損傷的功能性方面。然而，這些詮釋與殘障理論的討論並不相連。其他社會科學和人文學科在整合殘障的社會理論方面，遠遠超過了大多數人類學（醫療人類學除外）。

本書有三個目標：第一個目標是呈現有關損傷和殘障的理論與方法論討論。第二個目標是強調在生物考古學中討論損傷和殘障時，跨學科的重要性。第三個目標是展示各種方法論，量化骨骼和木乃伊遺骸中的損傷。

本書旨在吸引來自多個學科的學者，探索過去的殘障，特別強調生物考古學的背景。

Jennifer F. Byrnes is an Assistant Professor in the Division of the Social Sciences at the University of Hawaiʻi - West Oʻahu, USA. She received her B.S. in Biology from the State University of New York College at Geneseo (2006), and M.A. (2009) and Ph.D. (2015) in Anthropology from the State University of New York at Buffalo. She has received training in bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology. She co-organized a symposium, of which this volume is a product of, entitled Embodying Impairment: Towards a Bioarchaeology of Disability at the American Association of Physical Anthropology 2015 Annual Meeting. She has most recently published articles in the Journal of Forensic Sciences on a collaborate project with the Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency as well as another research article which presented the practical considerations of portable X-ray fluorescence with osseous materials. She has ongoing research investigating the traumatic injuries and paleopathology of the adult skeletal remains exhumed from the Erie County Poorhouse in Buffalo, NY.
Jennifer L. Muller is an Associate Professor in the Department of Anthropology, Ithaca College, Ithaca, Nw York, USA. She received her PhD from the Department of Anthropology, State University of New York at Buffalo in 2006. Muller's research embraces the holism of anthropological study, integrating theoretical perspectives and methodologies from the cultural, biological, and archaeological subfields of the discipline. Her research has specifically focused on how discrimination-based inequities impact human biology in African diasporic populations and among the institutionalized poor. Foundational to this research is the understanding that the body is both biological and social, and that the insidious and pervasive attributes of structural violence may assault the body in a multitude of ways. Muller also examines postmortem structural violence; the idea that discriminatory practices continue to harm the poor and marginalized after death. Muller's dissertation focused on the relationships between traumatic injuries and inequity in the W. Montague Cobb Human Skeletal Collection housed at Howard University in the District of Columbia, USA. Her research on the institutionalized poor has included bioarchaeological and/or historical analysis from New York State poorhouses, including: the Monroe County Poorhouse, Rochester; the Erie County Poorhouse, Buffalo; and the St. Lawrence County Poorhouse, Canton.

珍妮佛·F·拜恩斯是美國夏威夷大學西歐胡校區社會科學部的助理教授。她於2006年在紐約州立大學基尼斯奧學院獲得生物學學士學位，並於2009年和2015年在紐約州立大學布法羅分校獲得人類學碩士和博士學位。她接受過生物考古學和法醫人類學的訓練。她共同組織了一個研討會，這本書的產出正是該研討會的成果，題為具身障礙：朝向殘疾的生物考古學，在2015年美國物理人類學協會年會上舉行。她最近在法醫科學期刊上發表了與國防 POW/MIA 會計局合作的項目文章，以及另一篇研究文章，介紹了便攜式 X 射線螢光技術在骨骼材料中的實際考量。她目前正在研究從紐約州布法羅的伊利縣貧民院挖掘出的成人骨骼遺骸的創傷性傷害和古病理學。
珍妮佛·L·穆勒是美國紐約州伊薩卡學院人類學系的副教授。她於2006年在紐約州立大學布法羅分校人類學系獲得博士學位。穆勒的研究涵蓋人類學研究的整體性，整合了文化、生物和考古學子領域的理論觀點和方法論。她的研究特別關注基於歧視的不平等如何影響非洲散居人口和被制度化的貧困者的人類生物學。這項研究的基礎是理解身體既是生物的也是社會的，結構性暴力的隱蔽和普遍特徵可能以多種方式侵害身體。穆勒還研究死後的結構性暴力；即歧視性做法在死後仍然繼續傷害貧困和邊緣化的人群。穆勒的博士論文集中於華盛頓特區霍華德大學的W. Montague Cobb人類骨骼收藏中創傷性傷害與不平等之間的關係。她對被制度化的貧困者的研究包括來自紐約州貧民院的生物考古學和/或歷史分析，包括：羅切斯特的門羅縣貧民院、布法羅的伊利縣貧民院，以及坎頓的聖洛倫斯縣貧民院。