Heard Island: Two Centuries of Change, and More Coming

Robert William Schmieder is an American scientist and explorer. Schmieder has had a multidisciplinary career, broadly divided between physics and related physical sciences, and natural science and exploration. In most of his projects, he created and led teams of both professional scientists and volunteers. His work is documented in about 100 technical publications and 10 books. Among his most significant work was the invention of laser spark spectroscopy (now commercialized), the formulation of nanologic (the use of nanoscale devices in computers), and the concept of underwater islands (which led to designation of the Cordell Bank National Marine Sanctuary).

羅伯特·威廉·施密德（Robert William Schmieder）是一位美國科學家和探險家。施密德的職業生涯跨越多個學科，主要分為物理及相關的物理科學，以及自然科學和探險。在他的多數專案中，他創建並領導了由專業科學家和志願者組成的團隊。他的工作記錄在約100篇技術出版物和10本書籍中。他最重要的工作之一是激光火花光譜學的發明（目前已商業化）、納米邏輯的制定（在計算機中使用納米級設備），以及水下島嶼的概念（這導致了科德爾銀行國家海洋保護區的設立）。