CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide (CCENT Exam 640-822 and CCNA Exam 640-802), 2/e

Description

CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide

Second Edition

 

• Master ICND1 640-822 exam topics with the official study guide
• Assess your knowledge with chapter-opening quizzes
• Review key concepts with Exam Preparation Tasks
• Practice with hundreds of exam questions on the CD-ROM

 

Wendell Odom, CCIE® No. 1624

 

CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition, is a best of breed Cisco® exam study guide that focuses specifically on the objectives for the CCENT™ and CCNA® ICND1 exam. This fully updated edition presents complete reviews and a more challenging and realistic exam preparation experience.

 

Senior instructor and best-selling author Wendell Odom shares preparation hints and test-taking tips, helping you identify areas of weakness and improve both your conceptual knowledge and hands-on skills. The material is presented in a concise manner, focused on increasing your understanding of exam topics and preparing you for the numerous challenges the exams present.

 

CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition, presents you with an organized test preparation routine through the use of proven series elements and techniques. “Do I Know This Already?” quizzes open each chapter and allow you to decide how much time you need to spend on each section. Chapter-ending Exam Preparation Tasks sections help you drill on key concepts you must know thoroughly and help increase your speed in answering questions, a difficult hurdle many exam candidates face on the new exams. A Final Preparation chapter guides you through tools and resources to help you craft your final study plan. Special troubleshooting sections help you master the complex scenarios you will face on the exam.

 

The companion CD-ROM contains a powerful testing engine that allows you to focus on individual topic areas or take complete, timed exams. The assessment engine also tracks your performance and provides feedback on a chapter-by-chapter basis, presenting question-by-question remediation to the text. The bonus DVD contains more than

60 minutes of personal video mentoring from the author focused mainly on bringing difficult subnetting concepts to life.

 

Well-regarded for its level of detail, assessment features, and challenging practice questions, this book provides you with more detailed information and more realistic practice exercises than any other CCNA study guide, enabling you to succeed on the exam the first time.

 

CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition, is part of a recommended learning path from Cisco that includes simulation and hands-on training from authorized Cisco Learning Partners and self-study products from Cisco Press. To find out more about instructor-led training, e-learning, and hands-on instruction offered by authorized Cisco Learning Partners worldwide, please visit www.cisco.com/go/authorizedtraining.

 

Wendell Odom, CCIE® No. 1624, has been in the networking industry since 1981. He currently teaches QoS, MPLS, and CCNA courses for Skyline Advanced Technology Services (www.skyline-ats.com). Wendell has worked as a network engineer, consultant, systems engineer, and instructor and course developer, and has taught authorized Cisco courses for the majority of the last 14 years.

 

The official study guide helps you master all the topics on the CCENT and CCNA ICND1 exam, including

• TCP/IP and OSI networking models
• Operating Cisco routers and LAN switches
• Ethernet switch configuration and troubleshooting

• Wireless LANs
• IP addressing and subnetting
• Routing protocols
• Router configuration and troubleshooting
• Network Security
• WAN concepts and configuration

 

Companion CD-ROM

The CD-ROM contains an electronic copy of the book and 200 practice questions for the ICND1 and full CCNA exams, including simulation and testlet questions, all available in study mode, test mode, and flash card format.

 

BONUS DVD

The DVD contains more than 60 minutes of personal instruction from the author.

 

This volume is part of the Exam Certification Guide Series from Cisco Press®. Books in this series provide officially developed exam preparation materials that offer assessment, review, and practice to help Cisco Career Certification candidates identify weaknesses, concentrate their study efforts, and enhance their confidence as exam day nears.

 

Category: Cisco Press–Cisco Certification

Covers: CCENT and CCNA ICND1 Exam 640-822

Table of Contents

   

CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide

Second Edition

 

• Master ICND1 640-822 exam topics with the official study guide
• Assess your knowledge with chapter-opening quizzes
• Review key concepts with Exam Preparation Tasks
• Practice with hundreds of exam questions on the CD-ROM

 

Wendell Odom, CCIE® No. 1624

 

CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition, is a best of breed Cisco® exam study guide that focuses specifically on the objectives for the CCENT™ and CCNA® ICND1 exam. This fully updated edition presents complete reviews and a more challenging and realistic exam preparation experience.

 

Senior instructor and best-selling author Wendell Odom shares preparation hints and test-taking tips, helping you identify areas of weakness and improve both your conceptual knowledge and hands-on skills. The material is presented in a concise manner, focused on increasing your understanding of exam topics and preparing you for the numerous challenges the exams present.

 

CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition, presents you with an organized test preparation routine through the use of proven series elements and techniques. “Do I Know This Already?” quizzes open each chapter and allow you to decide how much time you need to spend on each section. Chapter-ending Exam Preparation Tasks sections help you drill on key concepts you must know thoroughly and help increase your speed in answering questions, a difficult hurdle many exam candidates face on the new exams. A Final Preparation chapter guides you through tools and resources to help you craft your final study plan. Special troubleshooting sections help you master the complex scenarios you will face on the exam.

 

The companion CD-ROM contains a powerful testing engine that allows you to focus on individual topic areas or take complete, timed exams. The assessment engine also tracks your performance and provides feedback on a chapter-by-chapter basis, presenting question-by-question remediation to the text. The bonus DVD contains more than

60 minutes of personal video mentoring from the author focused mainly on bringing difficult subnetting concepts to life.

 

Well-regarded for its level of detail, assessment features, and challenging practice questions, this book provides you with more detailed information and more realistic practice exercises than any other CCNA study guide, enabling you to succeed on the exam the first time.

 

CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition, is part of a recommended learning path from Cisco that includes simulation and hands-on training from authorized Cisco Learning Partners and self-study products from Cisco Press. To find out more about instructor-led training, e-learning, and hands-on instruction offered by authorized Cisco Learning Partners worldwide, please visit www.cisco.com/go/authorizedtraining.

 

Wendell Odom, CCIE® No. 1624, has been in the networking industry since 1981. He currently teaches QoS, MPLS, and CCNA courses for Skyline Advanced Technology Services (www.skyline-ats.com). Wendell has worked as a network engineer, consultant, systems engineer, and instructor and course developer, and has taught authorized Cisco courses for the majority of the last 14 years.

 

The official study guide helps you master all the topics on the CCENT and CCNA ICND1 exam, including

• TCP/IP and OSI networking models
• Operating Cisco routers and LAN switches
• Ethernet switch configuration and troubleshooting

• Wireless LANs
• IP addressing and subnetting
• Routing protocols
• Router configuration and troubleshooting
• Network Security
• WAN concepts and configuration

 

Companion CD-ROM

The CD-ROM contains an electronic copy of the book and 200 practice questions for the ICND1 and full CCNA exams, including simulation and testlet questions, all available in study mode, test mode, and flash card format.

 

BONUS DVD

The DVD contains more than 60 minutes of personal instruction from the author.

 

This volume is part of the Exam Certification Guide Series from Cisco Press®. Books in this series provide officially developed exam preparation materials that offer assessment, review, and practice to help Cisco Career Certification candidates identify weaknesses, concentrate their study efforts, and enhance their confidence as exam day nears.

 

Category: Cisco Press–Cisco Certification

Covers: CCENT and CCNA ICND1 Exam 640-822

Table of Contents

Part I Networking Fundamentals 3

 

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Networking Concepts 5

    Perspectives on Networking 5

        The Flintstones Network: The First Computer Network? 8

 

Chapter 2 The TCP/IP and OSI Networking Models 17

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 18

    Foundation Topics 21

        The TCP/IP Protocol Architecture 22

        The TCP/IP Application Layer 23

        The TCP/IP Transport Layer 25

        The TCP/IP Internet Layer 27

        The TCP/IP Network Access Layer 28

        Data Encapsulation Terminology 30

    The OSI Reference Model 32

        Comparing OSI and TCP/IP 32

        OSI Layers and Their Functions 34

        OSI Layering Concepts and Benefits 35

        OSI Encapsulation Terminology 36

    Exam Preparation Tasks 38

    Review all the Key Topics 38

        Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 38

        Definitions of Key Terms 38

        OSI Reference 39

 

Chapter 3 Fundamentals of LANs 41

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 41

    Foundation Topics 45

    An Overview of Modern Ethernet LANs 45

    A Brief History of Ethernet 48

        The Original Ethernet Standards: 10BASE2 and 10BASE5 48

        Repeaters 50

        Building 10BASE-T Networks with Hubs 51

    Ethernet UTP Cabling 52

        UTP Cables and RJ-45 Connectors 52

        Transmitting Data Using Twisted Pairs 54

        UTP Cabling Pinouts for 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX 55

        1000BASE-T Cabling 58

    Improving Performance by Using Switches Instead of Hubs 58    

        Increasing Available Bandwidth Using Switches 61

        Doubling Performance by Using Full-Duplex Ethernet 62

        Ethernet Layer 1 Summary 63

        Ethernet Data-Link Protocols 63

        Ethernet Addressing 64

        Ethernet Framing 65

        Identifying the Data Inside an Ethernet Frame 67

        Error Detection 68

    Exam Preparation Tasks 69

    Review All the Key Topics 69

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 69

    Definitions of Key Terms 69

 

Chapter 4 Fundamentals of WANs 71

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 71

    Foundation Topics 74

    OSI Layer 1 for Point-to-Point WANs 74

        WAN Connections from the Customer Viewpoint 77

        WAN Cabling Standards 78

        Clock Rates, Synchronization, DCE, and DTE 80

        Building a WAN Link in a Lab 81

        Link Speeds Offered by Telcos 82

    OSI Layer 2 for Point-to-Point WANs 83

        HDLC 83

        Point-to-Point Protocol 85

        Point-to-Point WAN Summary 85

    Frame Relay and Packet-Switching Services 86

        The Scaling Benefits of Packet Switching 86

        Frame Relay Basics 87

    Exam Preparation Tasks 91

    Review All the Key Topics 91

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 91

    Definitions of Key Terms 91

 

Chapter 5 Fundamentals of IP Addressing and Routing 93

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 93

    Foundation Topics 98

    Overview of Network Layer Functions 98

        Routing (Forwarding) 99

        PC1’s Logic: Sending Data to a Nearby Router 100

        R1 and R2’s Logic: Routing Data Across the Network 100

        R3’s Logic: Delivering Data to the End Destination 100

        Network Layer Interaction with the Data Link Layer 101

        IP Packets and the IP Header 102

        Network Layer (Layer 3) Addressing 103

        Routing Protocols 104

        IP Addressing 105

        IP Addressing Definitions 105

        How IP Addresses Are Grouped 106

        Classes of Networks 107

        The Actual Class A, B, and C Network Numbers 109

        IP Subnetting 110

    IP Routing 114

        Host Routing 114

        Router Forwarding Decisions and the IP Routing Table 115

    IP Routing Protocols 118

    Network Layer Utilities 121

        Address Resolution Protocol and the Domain Name System 121

        DNS Name Resolution 122

        The ARP Process 122

        Address Assignment and DHCP 123

        ICMP Echo and the ping Command 125

    Exam Preparation Tasks 126

    Review All the Key Topics 126

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 127

    Definitions of Key Terms 127

 

Chapter 6 Fundamentals of TCP/IP Transport, Applications, and Security 129

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 129

    Foundation Topics 133

    TCP/IP Layer 4 Protocols: TCP and UDP 133

        Transmission Control Protocol 134

        Multiplexing Using TCP Port Numbers 135

        Popular TCP/IP Applications 138

        Error Recovery (Reliability) 140

        Flow Control Using Windowing 141

        Connection Establishment and Termination 142

        Data Segmentation and Ordered Data Transfer 144

        User Datagram Protocol 145

    TCP/IP Applications 146

        QoS Needs and the Impact of TCP/IP Applications 146

        The World Wide Web, HTTP, and SSL 149

        Universal Resource Locators 150

        Finding the Web Server Using DNS 150

        Transferring Files with HTTP 152

    Network Security 153

        Perspectives on the Sources and Types of Threats 154

        Firewalls and the Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) 158

        Anti-x 160

        Intrusion Detection and Prevention 160

        Virtual Private Networks (VPN) 161

    Exam Preparation Tasks 163

    Review All the Key Topics 163

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 163

    Definitions of Key Terms 163

 

Part II LAN Switching 165

 

Chapter 7 Ethernet LAN Switching Concepts 167

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 167

    Foundation Topics 171

    LAN Switching Concepts 171

        Historical Progression: Hubs, Bridges, and Switches 171

        Switching Logic 174

        The Forward Versus Filter Decision 175

        How Switches Learn MAC Addresses 177

        Flooding Frames 178

        Avoiding Loops Using Spanning Tree Protocol 179

        Internal Processing on Cisco Switches 180

        LAN Switching Summary 182

    LAN Design Considerations 183

        Collision Domains and Broadcast Domains 183

        Collision Domains 183

        Broadcast Domains 184

        The Impact of Collision and Broadcast Domains on LAN Design 185

        Virtual LANs (VLAN) 187

        Campus LAN Design Terminology 188

        Ethernet LAN Media and Cable Lengths 191

    Exam Preparation Tasks 194

    Review All the Key Topics 194

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 194

    Definitions of Key Terms 195

 

Chapter 8 Operating Cisco LAN Switches 197

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 197

    Foundation Topics 200

    Accessing the Cisco Catalyst 2960 Switch CLI 200

        Cisco Catalyst Switches and the 2960 Switch 201

        Switch Status from LEDs 202

        Accessing the Cisco IOS CLI 205

        CLI Access from the Console 206

        Accessing the CLI with Telnet and SSH 208

        Password Security for CLI Access 208

        User and Enable (Privileged) Modes 210

        CLI Help Features 211

        The debug and show Commands 213

    Configuring Cisco IOS Software 214

        Configuration Submodes and Contexts 215

        Storing Switch Configuration Files 217

        Copying and Erasing Configuration Files 220

        Initial Configuration (Setup Mode) 221

    Exam Preparation Tasks 226

    Review All the Key Topics 226

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 226

    Definitions of Key Terms 226

    Command References 226

 

Chapter 9 Ethernet Switch Configuration 231

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 231

    Foundation Topics 235

    Configuration of Features in Common with Routers 235

        Securing the Switch CLI 235

        Configuring Simple Password Security 236

        Configuring Usernames and Secure Shell (SSH) 239

        Password Encryption 242

        The Two Enable Mode Passwords 244

        Console and vty Settings 245

        Banners 245

        History Buffer Commands 246

        The logging synchronous and exec-timeout Commands 247

    LAN Switch Configuration and Operation 248

        Configuring the Switch IP Address 248

        Configuring Switch Interfaces 251

        Port Security 253

        VLAN Configuration 256

        Securing Unused Switch Interfaces 259

    Exam Preparation Tasks 261

    Review All the Key Topics 261

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 261

    Definitions of Key Terms 262

    Command References 262

 

Chapter 10 Ethernet Switch Troubleshooting 267

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 267

    Foundation Topics 271

    Perspectives on Network Verification and Troubleshooting 271

        Attacking Sim Questions 271

        Simlet Questions 272

        Multiple-Choice Questions 273

        Approaching Questions with an Organized Troubleshooting Process 273

        Isolating Problems at Layer 3, and Then at Layers 1 and 2 275

        Troubleshooting as Covered in This Book 276

        Verifying the Network Topology with Cisco Discovery Protocol 277

        Analyzing Layer 1 and 2 Interface Status 282

        Interface Status Codes and Reasons for Nonworking States 282

        Interface Speed and Duplex Issues 284

        Common Layer 1 Problems on Working Interfaces 287

    Analyzing the Layer 2 Forwarding Path with the MAC Address Table 289

        Analyzing the Forwarding Path 292

        Port Security and Filtering 293

    Exam Preparation Tasks 295

    Review All the Key Topics 295

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 295

    Definitions of Key Terms 295

    Command References 295

 

Chapter 11 Wireless LANs 299

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 299

    Foundation Topics 302

    Wireless LAN Concepts 302

        Comparisons with Ethernet LANs 302

        Wireless LAN Standards 304

        Modes of 802.11 Wireless LANs 305

        Wireless Transmissions (Layer 1) 307

        Wireless Encoding and Nonoverlapping DSSS Channels 309

        Wireless Interference 311

        Coverage Area, Speed, and Capacity 311

        Media Access (Layer 2) 314

    Deploying WLANs 315

        Wireless LAN Implementation Checklist 315

        Step 1: Verify the Existing Wired Network 316

        Step 2: Install and Configure the AP’s Wired and IP Details 317

        Step 3: Configure the AP’s WLAN Details 317

        Step 4: Install and Configure One Wireless Client 318

        Step 5: Verify That the WLAN Works from the Client 319

    Wireless LAN Security 320

        WLAN Security Issues 320

        The Progression of WLAN Security Standards 322

        Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) 322

        SSID Cloaking and MAC Filtering 323

        The Cisco Interim Solution Between WEP and 802.11i 324

        Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) 325

        IEEE 802.11i and WPA-2 325

    Exam Preparation Tasks 327

    Review All the Key Topics 327

        Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 327

        Definitions of Key Terms 327

 

Part III IP Routing 329

 

Chapter 12 IP Addressing and Subnetting 331

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 331

    Foundation Topics 336

    Exam Preparation Tools for Subnetting 336

        Suggested Subnetting Preparation Plan 337

        More Practice Using a Subnet Calculator 338

    IP Addressing and Routing 339

        IP Addressing Review 339

        Public and Private Addressing 341

        IP Version 6 Addressing 342

        IP Subnetting Review 343

        IP Routing Review 345

    Math Operations Used When Subnetting 347

        Converting IP Addresses and Masks from Decimal to Binary and Back Again 347

        Performing a Boolean AND Operation 349

        Prefix Notation/CIDR Notation 351

        Binary Process to Convert Between Dotted Decimal and Prefix Notation 352

        Decimal Process to Convert Between Dotted Decimal and Prefix

        Notation 353

        Practice Suggestions 355

    Analyzing and Choosing Subnet Masks 355

        Analyzing the Subnet Mask in an Existing Subnet Design 356

        The Three Parts: Network, Subnet, and Host 356

        Binary Process: Finding the Number of Network, Subnet, and Host Bits 357

        Decimal Process: Finding the Number of Network, Subnet, and Host Bits 358

        Determining the Number of Subnets and Number of Hosts Per Subnet 359

        Number of Subnets: Subtract 2, or Not? 360

        Practice Examples for Analyzing Subnet Masks 361

        Choosing a Subnet Mask that Meets Design Requirements 362

        Finding the Only Possible Mask 363

        Finding Multiple Possible Masks 365

        Choosing the Mask that Maximizes the Number of Subnets or Hosts 366

        Practice Suggestions 367

    Analyzing Existing Subnets 368

        Finding the Subnet Number: Binary 368

        Finding the Subnet Number: Binary Shortcut 371

        Finding the Subnet Broadcast Address: Binary 372

        Finding the Range of Valid IP Addresses in a Subnet 375

        Finding the Subnet, Broadcast Address, and Range of Addresses: Decimal

        Process 377

        Decimal Process with Easy Masks 377

        Decimal Process with Difficult Masks 378

        Finding the Broadcast Address: Decimal 381

        Summary of Decimal Processes to Find the Subnet, Broadcast, and Range 382

        Practice Suggestions 383

    Design: Choosing the Subnets of a Classful Network 384

        Finding All Subnets with Fewer Than 8 Subnet Bits 384

        Finding All Subnets with Exactly 8 Subnet Bits 388

        Practice Suggestions 389

        Finding All Subnets with More Than 8 Subnet Bits 389

        More Practice Suggestions 393

    Exam Preparation Tasks 394

    Review All the Key Topics 394

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 396

    Definitions of Key Terms 396

    Read Appendix F Scenario 1, Part A 396

    Subnetting Questions and Processes 396

 

Chapter 13 Operating Cisco Routers 399

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 399

    Foundation Topics 403

    Installing Cisco Routers 403

        Installing Enterprise Routers 403

        Cisco Integrated Services Routers 405

        Physical Installation 406

        Installing Internet Access Routers 407

        A SOHO Installation with a Separate Switch, Router, and

        Cable Modem 407

        A SOHO Installation with an Integrated Switch, Router, and

        DSL Modem 408

        Regarding the SOHO Devices Used in This Book 409

    Cisco Router IOS CLI 409

        Comparisons Between the Switch CLI and Router CLI 410

        Router Interfaces 411

        Interface Status Codes 413

        Router Interface IP Addresses 414

        Bandwidth and Clock Rate on Serial Interfaces 415

        Router Auxiliary (Aux) Port 417

        Initial Configuration (Setup Mode) 417

    Upgrading Cisco IOS Software and the Cisco IOS Software Boot Process 420

        Upgrading a Cisco IOS Software Image into Flash Memory 420

        The Cisco IOS Software Boot Sequence 423

        The Three Router Operating Systems 425

        The Configuration Register 425

        How a Router Chooses Which OS to Load 426

        The show version Command and Seeing the Configuration Register’s

        Value 429

    Exam Preparation Tasks 431

    Review All the Key Topics 431

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 431

    Definitions of Key Terms 432

    Read Appendix F Scenario 2 432

    Command References 432

 

Chapter 14 Routing Protocol Concepts and Configuration 435

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 435

    Foundation Topics 439

     Connected and Static Routes 439

        Connected Routes 439

        Static Routes 442

        Extended ping Command 444

        Default Routes 446

        Routing Protocol Overview 448

        RIP-2 Basic Concepts 449

        Comparing and Contrasting IP Routing Protocols 450

   &nbs