CCNA Official Exam Certification Library (CCNA Exam 640-802), 3/e
暫譯: CCNA 官方考試認證圖書館（CCNA 考試 640-802），第 3 版

Description

Master ICND1 640-822, ICND2 640-816 and CCNA 640-802 exam topics with the official study guides

Assess your knowledge with chapter-opening quizzes

Review key concepts with Exam Preparation Tasks

Practice with hundreds of exam questions on the CD-ROM

 

Includes 1 Hour of Video Training

 

Wendell Odom, CCIE® No. 1624

 

CCNA Official Exam Certification Library, Third Edition, is a comprehensive review and practice package for the latest CCNA® exams. The two books contained in this package, CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition, and CCNA ICND2 Official Exam Certification Guide, Second Edition, present complete reviews and a more challenging and realistic preparation experience. The books are updated to cover all the new 640-802 exam objectives, such as security, wireless, IPv6, and troubleshooting.

 

Best-selling author and senior instructor Wendell Odom shares preparation hints and test-taking tips, helping you to identify areas requiring further study and to improve your conceptual and hands-on knowledge. The material is presented in a concise manner, focusing on increasing your understanding of exam topics and preparing you for the numerous challenges the exams present.

 

CCNA Official Exam Certification Library, Third Edition, presents you with an organized test preparation routine through the use of proven series elements and techniques. “Do I Know This Already” quizzes open each chapter and allow you to decide how much time you need to spend on each section. Chapter ending Exam Preparation Tasks sections help drill you on key concepts you must know thoroughly and help increase your speed in answering questions, a difficult hurdle many candidates face on the new exams. Final Preparation chapters guide you through tools and resources to help you craft your final study plan. Special troubleshooting sections help you master the complex scenarios you will face on the exam.

 

The companion CD-ROMs contain a powerful testing engine that allows you to focus on individual topic areas or take complete, timed exams. The assessment engine also tracks your performance and provides feedback on a chapter-by-chapter basis, presenting question-by-question remediation to the text.

 

The bonus DVDs contain more than 60 minutes of personal video mentoring from the author focused mainly on the topic of subnetting. These videos help bring difficult subnetting concepts to life and make learning easy.

 

Well-regarded for its level of detail, assessment features, and challenging practice questions, this completely revised and updated edition provides you with more detailed information and more realistic practice exercises than any other CCNA study guide, enabling you to succeed on the exam the first time.

 

CCNA Official Exam Certification Library, Third Edition, is part of a recommended learning path from Cisco® that includes simulation and hands-on training from authorized Cisco Learning Partners and self-study products from Cisco Press. To find out more about instructor-led training, e-learning, and hands-on instruction offered by authorized Cisco Learning Partners worldwide, please visit www.cisco.com/go/authorizedtraining.

 

Wendell Odom, CCIE® No. 1624, has been in the networking industry since 1981. He currently teaches QoS, MPLS, and CCNA courses for Skyline Advanced Technology Services (www.skyline-ats.com). Wendell has also worked as a network engineer, consultant, systems engineer, and instructor and course developer and has taught authorized Cisco courses for the majority of the last 14 years.

 

These official study guides help you master all the topics on the CCNA exams, including:

• TCP/IP and OSI networking models
• Operating Cisco routers and LAN switches
• Ethernet switch configuration and troubleshooting
• Virtual LANs and Spanning Tree Protocol
• Wireless LANs
• IP addressing and subnetting
• Routing protocols
• Router configuration and troubleshooting
• Static and connected routes
• VLSM and route summarization
• IP access control lists
• OSPF and EIGRP configuration
• WAN configuration and troubleshooting
• Frame Relay
• Network Security and VPNs
• NAT
• IPv6
• Troubleshooting

 

Companion CD-ROMs

The two CD-ROMs contain electronic copies of the books and 400 practice questions for the full CCNA, ICND1, and ICND2 exams, including simulation and testlet questions, all available in study mode, test mode, and flash card format.

 

BONUS DVDs

The two DVDs contain more than 60 minutes of personal video instruction from the author.

 

Supporting Web Site

Up-to-date study materials, the latest exam hints, and errata can be downloaded free at www.ciscopress.com/title/1587201836

 

This volume is part of the Exam Certification Guide Series from Cisco Press®. Books in this series provide officially developed exam preparation materials that offer assessment, review, and practice to help Cisco Career Certification candidates identify weaknesses, concentrate their study efforts, and enhance their confidence as exam day nears.

Table of Contents

158720181X

Foreword

Introduction

Part I: LAN Switching

Chapter 1 Virtual LANs

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz 5

Foundation Topics 9

Virtual LAN Concepts

    Trunking with ISL and 802.1Q

        ISL

        IEEE 802.1Q

        ISL and 802.1Q Compared

    IP Subnets and VLANs

    VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP)

Normal VTP Operation Using VTP Server and Client Modes

        Three Requirements for VTP to Work Between Two Switches

        Avoiding VTP by Using VTP Transparent Mode

        Storing VLAN Configuration

        VTP Versions

        VTP Pruning

        Summary of VTP Features

VLAN and VLAN Trunking Configuration and Verification

    Creating VLANs and Assigning Access VLANs to an Interface

        VLAN Configuration Example 1: Full VLAN Configuration

        VLAN Configuration Example 2: Shorter VLAN Configuration

    VLAN Trunking Configuration

        Controlling Which VLANs Can Be Supported on a Trunk

        Trunking to Cisco IP Phones

    Securing VLANs and Trunking

VTP Configuration and Verification

    Using VTP: Configuring Servers and Clients

    Caveats When Moving Away from Default VTP Configuration

    Avoiding VTP: Configuring Transparent Mode

    Troubleshooting VTP

        Determining Why VTP Is Not Currently Working

        Problems When Connecting New Switches and Bringing Up Trunks

        Avoiding VTP Problems Through Best Practices

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Chapter 2 Spanning Tree Protocol

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

Spanning Tree Protocol (IEEE 802.1d)

    The Need for Spanning Tree

    What IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Does

    How Spanning Tree Works

        The STP Bridge ID and Hello BPDU

        Electing the Root Switch

        Choosing Each Switch's Root Port

        Choosing the Designated Port on Each LAN Segment

        Reacting to Changes in the Network

    Optional STP Features

        EtherChannel

        PortFast

        STP Security

Rapid STP (IEEE 802.1w)

    RSTP Link and Edge Types

    RSTP Port States

    RSTP Port Roles

    RSTP Convergence

        Edge-Type Behavior and PortFast

        Link-Type Shared

        Link-Type Point-to-Point

        An Example of Speedy RSTP Convergence

STP Configuration and Verification

    Multiple Instances of STP

    Configuration Options That Influence the Spanning Tree Topology

        The Bridge ID and System ID Extension

        Per-VLAN Port Costs

        STP Configuration Option Summary

    Verifying Default STP Operation

    Configuring STP Port Costs and Switch Priority

    Configuring PortFast and BPDU Guard

    Configuring EtherChannel

    Configuring RSTP

STP Troubleshooting

    Determining the Root Switch

    Determining the Root Port on Nonroot Switches

    Determining the Designated Port on Each LAN Segment

    STP Convergence

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Chapter 3 Troubleshooting LAN Switching

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

Generalized Troubleshooting Methodologies

    Analyzing and Predicting Normal Network Operation

        Data Plane Analysis

        Control Plane Analysis

        Predicting Normal Operations: Summary of the Process

    Problem Isolation

    Root Cause Analysis

    Real World Versus the Exams

Troubleshooting the LAN Switching Data Plane

    An Overview of the Normal LAN Switch Forwarding Process

    Step 1: Confirm the Network Diagrams Using CDP

    Step 2: Isolate Interface Problems

        Interface Status Codes and Reasons for Nonworking States

        The notconnect State and Cabling Pinouts

        Interface Speed and Duplex Issues

    Step 3: Isolate Filtering and Port Security Problems

    Step 4: Isolate VLAN and Trunking Problems

        Ensuring That the Right Access Interfaces Are in the Right VLANs

        Access VLANs Not Being Defined or Being Active

        Identify Trunks and VLANs Forwarded on Those Trunks

    Example: Troubleshooting the Data Plane

        Step 1: Verify the Accuracy of the Diagram Using CDP

        Step 2: Check for Interface Problems

        Step 3: Check for Port Security Problems

        Step 4: Check for VLAN and VLAN Trunk Problems

Predicting Normal Operation of the LAN Switching Data Plane

    PC1 Broadcast in VLAN 1

    Forwarding Path: Unicast from R1 to PC1

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Part II: IP Routing

Chapter 4 IP Routing: Static and Connected Routes

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

IP Routing and Addressing

    IP Routing

    IP Addressing and Subnetting

        IP Forwarding by Matching the Most Specific Route

    DNS, DHCP, ARP, and ICMP

    Fragmentation and MTU

Routes to Directly Connected Subnets

    Secondary IP Addressing

    Supporting Connected Routes to Subnet Zero

    ISL and 802.1Q Configuration on Routers

Static Routes

    Configuring Static Routes

    The Extended ping Command

    Static Default Routes

        Default Routes Using the ip route Command

        Default Routes Using the ip default-network Command

    Default Route Summary

    Classful and Classless Routing

        Summary of the Use of the Terms Classless and Classful

        Classless and Classful Routing Compared

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Chapter 5 VLSM and Route Summarization

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

VLSM

    Classless and Classful Routing Protocols

    Overlapping VLSM Subnets

    Designing a Subnetting Scheme Using VLSM

    Adding a New Subnet to an Existing Design

    VLSM Configuration

Manual Route Summarization

    Route Summarization Concepts

    Route Summarization Strategies

        Sample "Best" Summary on Seville

        Sample "Best" Summary on Yosemite

Autosummarization and Discontiguous Classful Networks

    An Example of Autosummarization

    Discontiguous Classful Networks

    Autosummarization Support and Configuration

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Read Appendix F Scenarios

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Chapter 6 IP Access Control Lists

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

Standard IP Access Control Lists

    IP Standard ACL Concepts

        Wildcard Masks

        A Quicker Alternative for Interpreting Wildcard Masks

    Standard IP Access List Configuration

        Standard IP ACL: Example 1

        Standard IP ACL: Example 2

Extended IP Access Control Lists

    Extended IP ACL Concepts

    Matching TCP and UDP Port Numbers

    Extended IP ACL Configuration

        Extended IP Access Lists: Example 1

        Extended IP Access Lists: Example 2

Advances in Managing ACL Configuration

    Named IP Access Lists

    Editing ACLs Using Sequence Numbers

Miscellaneous ACL Topics

    Controlling Telnet and SSH Access with ACLs

    ACL Implementation Considerations

    Reflexive Access Lists

    Dynamic ACLs

    Time-Based ACLs

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Read the Appendix F Scenarios

Definitions of Key Terms

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting IP Routing

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

The ping and traceroute Commands

    Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)

        The ping Command and the ICMP Echo Request and Echo Reply

        The Destination Unreachable ICMP Message

        The Redirect ICMP Message

        The ICMP Time Exceeded Message

    The traceroute Command

Troubleshooting the Packet Forwarding Process

    Isolating IP Routing Problems Related to Hosts

    Isolating IP Routing Problems Related to Routers

        Troubleshooting Scenario 1: Forward Route Problem

        Troubleshooting Scenario 2: Reverse Route Problem

        An Alternative Problem Isolation Process for Steps 3, 4, and 5

Troubleshooting Tools and Tips

    Host Routing Tools and Perspectives

        Host Troubleshooting Tips

        LAN Switch IP Support

    show ip route Reference

    Interface Status

    VLSM Issues

        Recognizing When VLSM Is Used

        Configuring Overlapping VLSM Subnets

        Symptoms with Overlapping Subnets

        VLSM Troubleshooting Summary

    Discontiguous Networks and Autosummary

    Access List Troubleshooting Tips

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Part III: Routing Protocols Configuration and Troubleshooting

Chapter 8 Routing Protocol Theory

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

Dynamic Routing Protocol Overview

    Routing Protocol Functions

    Interior and Exterior Routing Protocols

    Comparing IGPs

    IGP Routing Protocol Algorithms

        Metrics

        IGP Comparisons: Summary

        Administrative Distance

Distance Vector Routing Protocol Features

    The Concept of a Distance and a Vector

    Distance Vector Operation in a Stable Network

    Distance Vector Loop Prevention

        Route Poisoning

        Problem: Counting to Infinity over a Single Link

        Split Horizon

        Poison Reverse and Triggered Updates

        Problem: Counting to Infinity in a Redundant Network

        The Holddown Process and Holddown Timer

    Distance Vector Summary

Link-State Routing Protocol Features

    Building the Same LSDB on Every Router

    Applying Dijkstra SPF Math to Find the Best Routes

    Convergence with Link-State Protocols

    Summary and Comparisons to Distance Vector Protocols

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Chapter 9 OSPF

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

OSPF Protocols and Operation

    OSPF Neighbors

        Identifying OSPF Routers with a Router ID

        Meeting Neighbors by Saying Hello

        Potential Problems in Becoming a Neighbor

        Neighbor States

    OSPF Topology Database Exchange

        Overview of the OSPF Database Exchange Process

        Choosing a Designated Router

        Database Exchange

        Maintaining the LSDB While Being Fully Adjacent

        Summary of Neighbor States

    Building the IP Routing Table

    Scaling OSPF Through Hierarchical Design

        OSPF Areas

        OSPF Area Design Advantages

OSPF Configuration

    OSPF Single-Area Configuration

    OSPF Configuration with Multiple Areas

    Configuring the OSPF Router ID

    OSPF Hello and Dead Timers

    OSPF Metrics (Cost)

    OSPF Authentication

    OSPF Load Balancing

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Chapter 10 EIGRP

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

EIGRP Concepts and Operation

    EIGRP Neighbors

    Exchanging EIGRP Topology Information

    Calculating the Best Routes for the Routing Table

        Feasible Distance and Reported Distance

        Caveats with Bandwidth on Serial Links

    EIGRP Convergence

        EIGRP Successors and Feasible Successors

        The Query and Reply Process

    EIGRP Summary and Comparisons with OSPF

EIGRP Configuration and Verification

    Basic EIGRP Configuration

    EIGRP Metrics, Successors, and Feasible Successors

        Creating and Viewing a Feasible Successor Route

        Convergence Using the Feasible Successor Route

    EIGRP Authentication

    EIGRP Maximum Paths and Variance

    Tuning the EIGRP Metric Calculation

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Chapter 11 Troubleshooting Routing Protocols

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

Perspectives on Troubleshooting Routing Protocol Problems

Interfaces Enabled with a Routing Protocol

    EIGRP Interface Troubleshooting Example

    OSPF Interface Troubleshooting Example

Neighbor Relationships

    EIGRP Neighbor Requirements

    OSPF Neighbor Requirements

        OSPF Neighbor Example 1

        OSPF Neighbor Example 2

        The MTU Matching Requirement

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Part IV: Wide-Area Networks

Chapter 12 Point-to-Point WANs

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

PPP Concepts

    The PPP Protocol Field

    PPP Link Control Protocol (LCP)

        Looped Link Detection

        Enhanced Error Detection

        PPP Multilink

        PPP Authentication

PPP Configuration

    Basic PPP Configuration

    CHAP Configuration and Verification

    PAP Configuration

Troubleshooting Serial Links

    Troubleshooting Layer 1 Problems

    Troubleshooting Layer 2 Problems

        Keepalive Failure

        PAP and CHAP Authentication Failure

    Troubleshooting Layer 3 Problems

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Chapter 13 Frame Relay Concepts

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

Frame Relay Overview

    Frame Relay Standards

    Virtual Circuits

    LMI and Encapsulation Types

Frame Relay Addressing

    Frame Relay Local Addressing

    Frame Relay Global Addressing

Network Layer Concerns with Frame Relay

    Frame Relay Layer 3 Addressing: One Subnet Containing All Frame Relay DTEs

    Frame Relay Layer 3 Addressing: One Subnet Per VC

    Frame Relay Layer 3 Addressing: Hybrid Approach

    Layer 3 Broadcast Handling

Controlling Speed and Discards in the Frame Relay Cloud

    FECN and BECN

    The Discard Eligibility (DE) Bit

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Chapter 14 Frame Relay Configuration and Troubleshooting

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

Frame Relay Configuration and Verification

    Planning a Frame Relay Configuration

    A Fully Meshed Network with One IP Subnet

    Configuring the Encapsulation and LMI

    Frame Relay Address Mapping

        Inverse ARP

        Static Frame Relay Mapping

    A Partially Meshed Network with One IP Subnet Per VC

        Assigning a DLCI to a Particular Subinterface

        Comments About Global and Local Addressing

        Frame Relay Verification

    A Partially Meshed Network with Some Fully Meshed Parts

Frame Relay Troubleshooting

    A Suggested Frame Relay Troubleshooting Process

    Layer 1 Issues on the Access Link (Step 1)

    Layer 2 Issues on the Access Link (Step 2)

    PVC Problems and Status (Step 3)

        Find the Connected Subnet and Outgoing Interface (Steps 3a and 3b)

        Find the PVCs Assigned to That Interface (Step 3c)

        Determine Which PVC Is Used to Reach a Particular Neighbor (Step 3d)

        PVC Status

        Subinterface Status

    Frame Relay Mapping Issues (Step 4)

    End-to-End Encapsulation (Step 5)

    Mismatched Subnet Numbers (Step 6)

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Read the Appendix F Scenarios

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Chapter 15 Virtual Private Networks

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

VPN Fundamentals

IPsec VPNs

    IPsec Encryption

    IPsec Key Exchange

    IPsec Authentication and Message Integrity

    The ESP and AH Security Protocols

    IPsec Implementation Considerations

SSL VPNs

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Part V: Scaling the IP Address Space

Chapter 16 Network Address Translation

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

Perspectives on IPv4 Address Scalability

    CIDR

        Route Aggregation for Shorter Routing Tables

        IPv4 Address Conservation

    Private Addressing

Network Address Translation Concepts

    Static NAT

    Dynamic NAT

        Overloading NAT with Port Address Translation (PAT)

        Translating Overlapping Addresses

NAT Configuration and Troubleshooting

    Static NAT Configuration

    Dynamic NAT Configuration

    NAT Overload (PAT) Configuration

    NAT Troubleshooting

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Chapter 17 IP Version 6

"Do I Know This Already?" Quiz

Foundation Topics

Global Unicast Addressing, Routing, and Subnetting

    Global Route Aggregation for Efficient Routing

    Conventions for Representing IPv6 Addresses

    Conventions for Writing IPv6 Prefixes

    Global Unicast Prefix Assignment Example

    Subnetting Global Unicast IPv6 Addresses Inside an Enterprise

    Prefix Terminology

IPv6 Protocols and Addressing

    DHCP for IPv6

    IPv6 Host Address Assignment

        The IPv6 Interface ID and EUI-64 Format

        Static IPv6 Address Configuration

        Stateless Autoconfiguration and Router Advertisements

        IPv6 Address Configuration Summary

    Discovering the Default Router with NDP

    Learning the IP Address(es) of DNS Servers

    IPv6 Addresses

        Unicast IPv6 Addresses

        Multicast and Other Special IPv6 Addresses

    Summary of IP Protocols and Addressing

Configuring IPv6 Routing and Routing Protocols

    IPv6 Routing Protocols

    IPv6 Configuration

IPv6 Transition Options

    IPv4/IPv6 Dual Stacks

    Tunneling

    Translating Between IPv4 and IPv6 with NAT-PT

    Transition Summary

Exam Preparation Tasks

Review All the Key Topics

Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory

Definitions of Key Terms

Command Reference to Check Your Memory

Part VI: Final Preparation

Chapter 18 Final Preparation

Tools for Final Preparation

    Exam Engine and Questions on the CD

        Install the Software from the CD

        Activate and Download the Practice Exam

        Activating Other Exams

    The Cisco CCNA Prep Center

    Subnetting Videos, Reference Pages, and Practice Problems

    Scenarios

Study Plan

    Recall the Facts

    Practice Subnetting

    Build Troubleshooting Skills Using Scenarios

    Use the Exam Engine

        Choosing Study or Simulation Mode

        Choosing the Right Exam Option

Summary

Part VII: Appendixes

Appendix A Answers to the "Do I Know This Already?" Quizzes

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Chapter 10

Chapter 12

Chapter 13

Chapter 14

Chapter 15

Chapter 16

Chapter 17

Appendix B Decimal to Binary Conversion Table

Appendix C ICND2 Exam Updates: Version 1.0

Glossary

Index

Part VIII: CD-Only

Appendix D Subnetting Practice

Appendix E Subnetting Reference Pages

Appendix F Additional Scenarios

Appendix G Video Scenario Reference

Appendix H ICND1 Chapter 12: IP Addressing and Subnetting

Appendix I ICND1 Chapter 17: WAN Configuration

Appendix J Memory Tables

Appendix K Memory Tables Answer Key

Appendix L ICND2 Open-Ended Questions

 

1587201828

Part I Networking Fundamentals 3

 

Chapter 1 Introduction to Computer Networking Concepts 5

    Perspectives on Networking 5

        The Flintstones Network: The First Computer Network? 8

 

Chapter 2 The TCP/IP and OSI Networking Models 17

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 18

    Foundation Topics 21

        The TCP/IP Protocol Architecture 22

        The TCP/IP Application Layer 23

        The TCP/IP Transport Layer 25

        The TCP/IP Internet Layer 27

        The TCP/IP Network Access Layer 28

        Data Encapsulation Terminology 30

    The OSI Reference Model 32

        Comparing OSI and TCP/IP 32

        OSI Layers and Their Functions 34

        OSI Layering Concepts and Benefits 35

        OSI Encapsulation Terminology 36

    Exam Preparation Tasks 38

    Review all the Key Topics 38

        Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 38

        Definitions of Key Terms 38

        OSI Reference 39

 

Chapter 3 Fundamentals of LANs 41

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 41

    Foundation Topics 45

    An Overview of Modern Ethernet LANs 45

    A Brief History of Ethernet 48

        The Original Ethernet Standards: 10BASE2 and 10BASE5 48

        Repeaters 50

        Building 10BASE-T Networks with Hubs 51

    Ethernet UTP Cabling 52

        UTP Cables and RJ-45 Connectors 52

        Transmitting Data Using Twisted Pairs 54

        UTP Cabling Pinouts for 10BASE-T and 100BASE-TX 55

        1000BASE-T Cabling 58

    Improving Performance by Using Switches Instead of Hubs 58    

        Increasing Available Bandwidth Using Switches 61

        Doubling Performance by Using Full-Duplex Ethernet 62

        Ethernet Layer 1 Summary 63

        Ethernet Data-Link Protocols 63

        Ethernet Addressing 64

        Ethernet Framing 65

        Identifying the Data Inside an Ethernet Frame 67

        Error Detection 68

    Exam Preparation Tasks 69

    Review All the Key Topics 69

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 69

    Definitions of Key Terms 69

 

Chapter 4 Fundamentals of WANs 71

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 71

    Foundation Topics 74

    OSI Layer 1 for Point-to-Point WANs 74

        WAN Connections from the Customer Viewpoint 77

        WAN Cabling Standards 78

        Clock Rates, Synchronization, DCE, and DTE 80

        Building a WAN Link in a Lab 81

        Link Speeds Offered by Telcos 82

    OSI Layer 2 for Point-to-Point WANs 83

        HDLC 83

        Point-to-Point Protocol 85

        Point-to-Point WAN Summary 85

    Frame Relay and Packet-Switching Services 86

        The Scaling Benefits of Packet Switching 86

        Frame Relay Basics 87

    Exam Preparation Tasks 91

    Review All the Key Topics 91

    Complete the Tables and Lists from Memory 91

    Definitions of Key Terms 91

 

Chapter 5 Fundamentals of IP Addressing and Routing 93

    “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz 93

    Foundation Topics 98

    Overview of Network Layer Functions 98

        Routing (Forwarding) 99

        PC1’s Logic: Sending Data to a Nearby Router 100

        R1 and R2’s Logic: Routing Data Across the Network 100

        R3’s Logic: Delivering Data to the End Destination 100

        Network Layer Interaction with the Data Link Layer 101

        IP Packets and the IP Header 102

        Network Layer (Layer 3) Addressing 103

        Routing Protocols 104

        IP Addressing 105

        IP Addressing Definitions 105

        How IP Addresses Are Grouped 106

        Classes of Networks 107

        The Actual Class A, B, and C Network Numbers 109

        IP Subnetting 110

    IP Routing 114

        Host Routing 114

        Router Forwarding Decisions and the IP Routing Table 115

    IP Routing Protocols 118

    Network Layer Utilities 121

描述

掌握 ICND1 640-822、ICND2 640-816 和 CCNA 640-802 考試主題，使用官方學習指南
- 透過章節開頭的測驗評估您的知識
- 透過考試準備任務回顧關鍵概念
- 在 CD-ROM 上練習數百道考題

包括 1 小時的視頻訓練

Wendell Odom, CCIE® No. 1624

CCNA 官方考試認證圖書館第三版，是針對最新 CCNA® 考試的綜合回顧和練習包。本包中包含的兩本書，CCENT/CCNA ICND1 官方考試認證指南第二版和 CCNA ICND2 官方考試認證指南第二版，提供完整的回顧和更具挑戰性及現實的準備體驗。這些書籍已更新，以涵蓋所有新的 640-802 考試目標，例如安全性、無線、IPv6 和故障排除。

暢銷作者及高級講師 Wendell Odom 分享準備提示和考試技巧，幫助您識別需要進一步學習的領域，並提高您的概念和實作知識。材料以簡潔的方式呈現，專注於增強您對考試主題的理解，並為您準備考試所面臨的眾多挑戰。

CCNA 官方考試認證圖書館第三版，通過使用經驗證的系列元素和技術，為您提供有組織的考試準備例行程序。“我已經知道這個了嗎？”測驗開啟每一章，讓您決定需要在每個部分花費多少時間。章節結尾的考試準備任務部分幫助您加強必須徹底了解的關鍵概念，並提高您回答問題的速度，這是許多考生在新考試中面臨的困難障礙。最終準備章節指導您使用工具和資源來制定最終學習計劃。特殊的故障排除部分幫助您掌握考試中將面臨的複雜情境。

隨附的 CD-ROM 包含一個強大的測試引擎，允許您專注於單個主題區域或進行完整的計時考試。評估引擎還會跟踪您的表現，並提供逐章的反饋，針對每道問題提供文本的補救措施。

附贈的 DVD 包含超過 60 分鐘的個人視頻指導，主要集中在子網劃分的主題上。這些視頻幫助將困難的子網劃分概念具象化，讓學習變得簡單。

這本完全修訂和更新的版本因其詳細程度、評估功能和具有挑戰性的練習問題而受到好評，提供比其他任何 CCNA 學習指南更詳細的信息和更現實的練習練習，使您能夠在第一次考試中成功。

CCNA 官方考試認證圖書館第三版，是 Cisco® 推薦學習路徑的一部分，包括來自授權 Cisco 學習夥伴的模擬和實作訓練，以及來自 Cisco Press 的自學產品。要了解更多有關授權 Cisco 學習夥伴在全球提供的講師主導訓練、電子學習和實作指導，請訪問 www.cisco.com/go/authorizedtraining。

Wendell Odom, CCIE® No. 1624，自 1981 年以來一直在網路行業工作。他目前在 Skyline Advanced Technology Services（www.skyline-ats.com）教授 QoS、MPLS 和 CCNA 課程。Wendell 也曾擔任網路工程師、顧問、系統工程師、講師和課程開發者，並在過去的 14 年中大部分時間教授授權的 Cisco 課程。

這些官方學習指南幫助您掌握 CCNA 考試的所有主題，包括：
- TCP/IP 和 OSI 網路模型
- 操作 Cisco 路由器和 LAN 交換機
- 以太網交換機配置和故障排除
- 虛擬 LAN 和生成樹協議
- 無線 LAN
- IP 位址和子網劃分
- 路由協議
- 路由器配置和故障排除
- 靜態和連接路由
- VLSM 和路由摘要
- IP 存取控制列表
- OSPF 和 EIGRP 配置
- WAN 配置和故障排除
- Frame Relay
- 網路安全和 VPN
- NAT
- IPv6
- 故障排除

隨附的 CD-ROM
這兩張 CD-ROM 包含書籍的電子副本和 400 道完整 CCNA、ICND1 和 ICND2 考試的練習題，包括模擬和測試題，所有題目均可在學習模式、測試模式和抽認卡格式中使用。

附贈 DVD
這兩張 DVD 包含超過 60 分鐘的作者個人視頻教學。

支援網站
最新的學習材料、最新的考試提示和勘誤可以在 www.ciscopress.com/title/1587201836 免費下載。

本書是 Cisco Press® 的考試認證指南系列的一部分。該系列的書籍提供官方開發的考試準備材料，提供評估、回顧和練習，幫助 Cisco 職業認證候選人識別弱點，集中學習精力，並在考試日臨近時增強信心。

目錄

158720181X
前言
介紹
第一部分：LAN 交換
第一章 虛擬 LAN
“我已經知道這個了嗎？”測驗 5
基礎主題 9
虛擬 LAN 概念
- 使用 ISL 和 802.1Q 的幹線
- ISL
- IEEE 802.1Q
- ISL 和 802.1Q 比較
- IP 子網和 VLAN
- VLAN 幹線協議 (VTP)
- 使用 VTP 伺服器和客戶端模式的正常 VTP 操作
- VTP 在兩個交換機之間工作的三個要求
- 通過使用 VTP 透明模式避免 VTP
- 儲存 VLAN 配置
- VTP 版本
- VTP 剪枝
- VTP 特徵摘要
- VLAN 和 VLAN 幹線配置與驗證
- 創建 VLAN 並將存取 VLAN 指派給介面
- VLAN 配置範例 1：完整 VLAN 配置
- VLAN 配置範例 2：較短的 VLAN 配置
- VLAN 幹線配置
- 控制幹線上可以支援哪些 VLAN
- 幹線到 Cisco IP 電話
- 保護 VLAN 和幹線
- VTP 配置和驗證
- 使用 VTP：配置伺服器和客戶端
- 從預設 VTP 配置中移除的注意事項
- 避免 VTP：配置透明模式
- 故障排除 VTP
- 確定 VTP 為何目前無法工作
- 連接新交換機和啟用幹線時的問題
- 通過最佳實踐避免 VTP 問題
- 考試準備任務
- 回顧所有關鍵主題
- 從記憶中完成表格和清單
- 關鍵術語的定義
- 檢查記憶的命令參考
第二章 生成樹協議
“我已經知道這個了嗎？”測驗
基礎主題
生成樹協議 (IEEE 802.1d)
- 生成樹的必要性
- IEEE 802.1d 生成樹的功能
- 生成樹的工作原理
- STP 橋接 ID 和 Hello BPDU
- 選舉根交換機
- 選擇每個交換機的根端口
- 選擇每個 LAN 段的指定端口