Building Resilient IP Networks
暫譯: 構建韌性IP網路

Kok-Keong Lee, Fung Lim, Beng-Hui Ong

Building Resilient IP Networks
  • 出版商: Cisco Press
  • 出版日期: 2005-12-22
  • 售價: $2,200
  • 貴賓價: 9.5 折 $2,090
  • 語言: 英文
  • 頁數: 432
  • 裝訂: Hardcover
  • ISBN: 1587052156
  • ISBN-13: 9781587052156

    • 已絕版

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Description

The practical guide to building resilient and highly available IP networks 

  • Learn from an all-in-one introduction to new features and developments in building a resilient IP network
  • Enable your organization to meet internal service-level agreements (SLAs) for mission-critical resources
  • Understand how a resilient IP network can help in delivering mission-critical information such as video and voice services
  • Work with configuration examples that are based on real-world issues and customer requirements
  • Get tips and best practices from field personnel who have worked on some of the largest networks with stringent uptime requirements and SLAs

More companies are building networks with the intention of using them to conduct business. Because the network has become such a strategic business tool, its availability is of utmost importance to companies and their service providers. The challenges for the professionals responsible for these networks include ensuring that the network remains up all the time, keeping abreast of the latest technologies that help maintain uptime, and reacting to ever-increasing denial-of-service (DoS) attacks.

 

Building Resilient IP Networks helps you meet those challenges. This practical guide to building highly available IP networks captures the essence of technologies that contribute to the uptime of networks. You gain a clear understanding of how to achieve network availability through the use of tools, design strategy, and Cisco IOS® Software.

 

With Building Resilient IP Networks, you examine misconceptions about five-nines availability and learn to focus your attention on the real issues: appreciating the limitations of the protocols, understanding what has been done to improve them, and keeping abreast of those changes. Building Resilient IP Networks highlights the importance of having a modular approach to building an IP network and, most important, illustrates how a modular design contributes to a resilient network. You learn how an IP network can be broken down to various modules and how these modules interconnect with one another. Then you explore new network resiliency features that have been developed recently, categorized with respect to the design modules.

 

Building Resilient IP Networks is relevant to both enterprise and service provider customers of all sizes. Regardless of whether the network connects to the Internet, fortifying IP networks for maximum uptime and prevention of attacks is mandatory for anyone’s business.

 

This book is part of the Networking Technology Series from Cisco Press®, which offers networking professionals valuable information for constructing efficient networks, understanding new technologies, and building successful careers.

 

 

 

Table of Contents

 

      Introduction

 

Chapter 1       Rise of the IP Transport System

The Internet Explosion

Next-Generation IP Applications

Voice over IP

IP Storage

MPLS: New Kid on the Block

Next-Generation IP Transport System

Continuous Improvements of Protocols

 

Chapter 2       Establishing a High-Availability Network

Understanding the Five-Nines Availability Debate

Differentiating Between Reliability and Availability

The Five-Nines Approach

Idiosyncrasies of the Telcordia GR-512-Core Document

The Truth About 50-ms Resiliency

A Practical Approach to Achieving High Availability

Measuring Availability

Defining a Metric

Understanding the Issue of Network Availability

Setting a Strategy to Achieve High Availability

Designing a Network for High Availability

Establishing Continuous Fault Detection and Measurement of Network Availability

Making Full Use of Scheduled Downtime

Instituting a Disciplined Approach to Network Operation and Processes

Summary

 

Chapter 3       Fundamentals of IP Resilient Networks

Revisiting IP, TCP, and UDP

Internet Protocol

Transmission Control Protocol

TCP Three-Way Handshake

TCP Sliding Window

User Datagram Protocol

Device-Level Resiliency

Online Insertion and Removal (OIR)

Single Line Card Reload

High System Availability

Route Processor Redundancy

Route Processor Redundancy Plus

Stateful Switchover

Nonstop Forwarding

Impact of Different Switching Paths

Process Switching

Cisco Express Forwarding Switching

Central CEF

Distributed CEF

Protecting the Control Plane and Data Plane

Establishing a Resiliency Strategy

Redundancy Strategy

Logical Resiliency

Physical Resiliency

Scaling Strategy

Key Principles for Designing Resilient Networks

Simplicity

Modularity

Security

Summary

 

Chapter 4       Quality of Service

Protecting the Control Plane with QoS

Traffic Types That Affect the Control Plane

Tagging Routing Protocol and Layer 2 Control Packets

IP Precedence

The pak_priority Flag

Selective Packet Discard

Receive ACL

Control-Plane Policing

Protecting Applications with QoS

Understanding the Need for Application QoS

Latency

Jitter

Loss

Determining When to Deploy QoS

Scenario 1: Undercongested Link

Scenario 2: Occasionally Congested Link

Scenario 3: Badly Congested Link

Building Blocks of QoS

Classification and Marking

Congestion Avoidance

Congestion Management

Traffic Conditioning

Application QoS and Control-Plane Traffic

QoS Deployment Strategy

Classifying Applications

Defining Policies

Testing Policies

Implementing QoS Features

Monitoring

Summary

 

Chapter 5       Core Module

Network Convergence in the Core

OSPF Enhancements

Shortest Path First (SPF) Throttling

OSPF LSA Throttling

OSPF LSA Flooding Reduction

OSPF Fast Hello

OSPF Update Packet-Pacing Timer

OSPF Incremental SPF

OSPF Graceful Restart

RFC 3623

Cisco Implementation

IS-IS Enhancements

IS-IS SPF Throttling

IS-IS LSP Generation

IS-IS LSA Flooding Reduction

IS-IS Fast Hellos

IS-IS Update Packet-Pacing Timer

IS-IS Incremental SPF

IS-IS Graceful Restart

Cisco Implementation

IETF Implementation

EIGRP Enhancements

EIGRP Graceful Shutdown

EIGRP Graceful Restart

EIGRP Stub Router Functionality

Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)

IP Event Dampening

Multipath Routing

Load Balancing

Equal-Cost Multipath (ECMP)

Per Packet

Per Destination

MPLS Traffic Engineering

Fast Reroute Link Protection

Fast Reroute Node Protection

Multicast Subsecond Convergence

Summary

 

Chapter 6       Access Module

Multilayer Campus Design

Access Layer

Distribution Layer

Core Layer

Access Module Building Blocks

Layer 2 Domain

The Spanning Tree Protocol: IEEE 802.1d

PortFast

UplinkFast

BackboneFast

Unidirectional Link Detection (UDLD)

RootGuard

LoopGuard

BPDUGuard

VLANs and Trunking

Common Spanning Tree (CST)

Per-VLAN Spanning Tree (PVST)

Per-VLAN Spanning Tree Plus (PVST+)

IEEE 802.1w

IEEE 802.1s

Channeling Technology

Layer 2 Best Practices

Simple Is Better

Limit the Span of VLANs

Build Triangles, Not Squares

Protect the Network from Users

Selecting Root Bridges

Use Value-Added Features

EtherChannel Deployment

EtherChannel Load Balancing

Consistent EtherChannel Port Settings

Layer 2 Setting for EtherChannel

Turning Off Autonegotiation

Layer 3 Domain

Hot Standby Routing Protocol (HSRP)

Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)

Global Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP)

Layer 3 Best Practices

Adopt Topology-Based Switching

Using Equal-Cost Multipath

Conserve Peering Resources

Adopt a Hierarchical Addressing Scheme

Summary

 

Chapter 7       Internet Module

Understanding Addressing and Routing in the Internet Module

Address-Assignment Scheme

Routing

Routing for Internal Users

Routing for External Users

Establishing Internet Module Redundancy

Link-Level Redundancy

Device-Level Redundancy

ISP-Level Redundancy

Site-Level Redundancy

Implementing Security Measures

Security Policy

Filtering at the Internet Module

Resilient Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) Design

BGP Soft Reconfiguration

BGP Convergence Optimization

BGP Next-Hop Address Tracking

BGP Support for Fast Peering Session Deactivation

BGP Route Dampening

Nonstop Forwarding with Stateful Switchover (NSF/SSO) for BGP

Using Network Address Translation (NAT)

Enhanced NAT Resiliency

NAT with Route Map

Static Mapping with Hot Standby Routing Protocol (HSRP) Support

Stateful NAT

Limiting NAT Entries

Multihoming with NAT

Effects of NAT on Network and Applications

Implications on TCP and ICMP Traffic

Application-Specific Gateways

Effects on Voice over IP (VoIP) Traffic

Effects on Router Performance

 Effects on Network Security

Summary

 

Chapter 8       WAN Module

Leased Line

Domestic Leased Circuit Versus International Private Leased Circuit

Leased Circuit Encapsulation

Equal-Cost Load Balancing

Multilink Point-to-Point Protocol (MPPP)

SONET/SDH

SONET/SDH Framing

PPP over SONET/SDH

SONET/SDH Protection Switching

Resilient Packet Ring

DPT Architecture

DPT/SRP Classes of Service

SRP Queuing

SRP Fairness Algorithm

RPR Standards

Differences Between 802.17 and DPT/SRP

Dial Backup

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

IP Tunnel

L2TPv3

L2TPv3 Deployment

MPLS-VPN

Summary

 

Chapter 9       Data Center Module

Data Center Environmental Considerations

Cabling

Tagging

Documentation

Discipline

Rack Space

Server Size

Power

Next-Generation Server Architecture

Data Center Network Considerations

Security

Server Performance

Fault-Tolerant Server Features

Multifaceted Server

Data Center Network Architecture

Access Layer Design

NIC Teaming

Clustering

Aggregation Layer Design

 Trunk Ports on an Aggregation Switch

 Routed Ports on an Aggregation Switch

Architecture Scaling Consideration

Data Center Network Security

Layer 2 Security

Private VLANs (PVLANs)

VLAN Access Control List (VACL)

Port Security

Dynamic ARP Inspection

Layer 3 Security

Switch Forwarding Architecture

Control Plane Policing

DHCP Server Protection

Service Optimization

Server Load Balancing

Global Site Selector

Understanding DNS Resolution

Using GSS

Web Cache Communication Protocol (WCCP)

Integrated Service Modules

Summary

 

Chapter 10     Beyond Implemention: Network Managment

Components of Network Management

Fault Management

Configuration Management

Configuration File Management

Inventory Management

Software Management

Accounting Management

 Performance Management

Security Management

ACLs

User IDs and Passwords

TACACS

Establishing a Baseline

Step 1: Take a Snapshot of Inventory

Step 2: Collect Relevant Data

MIB Entries and Object Identifiers

Multi-Router Traffic Grapher

Step 3: Analyze Data

Step 4: Prioritize Problem Areas

Step 5: Determine a Course of Action

Managing Cisco IOS Deployment

Overview of IOS Releases

Understanding IOS Naming Convention

IOS Software Life Cycle Management

Planning

Design

Testing

Implementation

Operation

Moving Toward Proactive Management

IP Service Level Agreement

ICMP-Based IP SLA Operation

Responder-Based IP SLA Operation

Nonresponder-Based IP SLA Operation

Examples of IP SLA Operations

Component Outage Online (COOL) Measurement

Embedded Event Manager (EEM)

Next-Generation IOS Architecture

Summary

End Notes

 

Appendix A   Calculating Network Availability

Appendix BRFCs Relevant to Building a Resilient IP Network

Appendix CThe Cisco Powered Network Checklist

Index

商品描述(中文翻譯)

**描述**

這本書是關於建立韌性和高可用性 IP 網路的實用指南。

- 從全方位的介紹中學習建立韌性 IP 網路的新功能和發展
- 使您的組織能夠滿足對於關鍵任務資源的內部服務水平協議 (SLA)
- 理解韌性 IP 網路如何幫助傳遞關鍵任務資訊，例如視頻和語音服務
- 使用基於現實世界問題和客戶需求的配置範例
- 獲取來自在一些最大網路上工作過的現場人員的提示和最佳實踐，這些網路有著嚴格的正常運行時間要求和 SLA

越來越多的公司正在建立網路，目的是用來進行商業活動。由於網路已成為一個戰略性的商業工具，其可用性對於公司及其服務提供商至關重要。負責這些網路的專業人員面臨的挑戰包括確保網路始終運行、跟上最新的技術以幫助維持正常運行時間，以及應對日益增加的拒絕服務 (DoS) 攻擊。

《建立韌性 IP 網路》幫助您應對這些挑戰。這本實用指南捕捉了促進網路正常運行時間的技術的本質。您將清楚了解如何通過使用工具、設計策略和 Cisco IOS® 軟體來實現網路可用性。

透過《建立韌性 IP 網路》，您將檢視對五個九可用性 (five-nines availability) 的誤解，並學會將注意力集中在真正的問題上：認識協議的限制、理解為改善它們所做的努力，以及跟上這些變化。《建立韌性 IP 網路》強調了建立 IP 網路時採用模組化方法的重要性，最重要的是，說明了模組化設計如何促進韌性網路。您將學習如何將 IP 網路分解為各種模組，以及這些模組如何相互連接。然後，您將探索最近開發的新網路韌性功能，這些功能根據設計模組進行分類。

《建立韌性 IP 網路》對於各種規模的企業和服務提供商客戶都具有相關性。無論網路是否連接到互聯網，強化 IP 網路以實現最大正常運行時間和防止攻擊對於任何商業活動都是必要的。

這本書是 Cisco Press® 的網路技術系列的一部分，為網路專業人員提供有價值的信息，以構建高效的網路、理解新技術並建立成功的職業生涯。

**目錄**

- 介紹
- 第 1 章 IP 傳輸系統的崛起
- 網際網路的爆炸
- 下一代 IP 應用
- 網路語音 (Voice over IP)
- IP 存儲
- MPLS：新興技術
- 下一代 IP 傳輸系統
- 協議的持續改進
- 第 2 章 建立高可用性網路
- 理解五個九可用性辯論
- 區分可靠性和可用性
- 五個九方法
- Telcordia GR-512-Core 文件的特異性
- 50 毫秒韌性的真相
- 實現高可用性的實用方法
- 測量可用性
- 定義指標
- 理解網路可用性問題
- 設定實現高可用性的策略
- 設計高可用性的網路
- 建立持續故障檢測和網路可用性測量
- 充分利用計劃的停機時間
- 制定有紀律的網路運營和流程方法
- 總結

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