Next Generation SDH/SONET: Evolution or Revolution
暫譯: 下一代SDH/SONET:演變還是革命

Huub van Helvoort

  • 出版商: Wiley
  • 出版日期: 2005-04-01
  • 售價: $1,600
  • 貴賓價: 9.8$1,568
  • 語言: 英文
  • 頁數: 254
  • 裝訂: Hardcover
  • ISBN: 0470091207
  • ISBN-13: 9780470091203
  • 下單後立即進貨 (約5~7天)

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Description

Since the turn of the twentieth century, telecommunications has shifted from traditional voice transport to data transport, although digitized voice is still a large contributor. Instead of an evolution of existing transport standards, a revolution was necessary in order to enable additional data-related transport.

Next Generation SDH/SONET provides a detailed description of the enablers of efficient data transport over any synchronous network. These include virtual concatenation (VCAT), the operation to provide more granularity, and the link capacity adjustment scheme (LCAS), an extension of VCAT that provides more flexibility. Equally, generic framing procedure (GFP), the methodology that efficiently transports asynchronous, or variable bit-rate data signals over a synchronous or constant bit-rate, is explored in detail.

● Describes new extensions to SDH/SONET standards to provide more granularity and flexibility in their structures, enabling the efficient transport of data-related signals such as Ethernet and FICON

● Presents comprehensive sections on the implementation of multi-service transport  platforms (MSTP) enabled by VCAT, LCAS and GFP

● Provides valuable advice on how to exploit existing networks to create or extend LANs towards metro (MAN) or wide (WAN) area networks and also to support storage area (SAN) networks

This volume will appeal to manufacturers, engineers and all those involved in developing and deploying SDH, SONET and OTN technology.  It will also be an invaluable resource for postgraduate students on network communications courses.

Table of contents

Preface.

Acknowledgements.

1 Introduction.

1.1 History.

1.2 Conventions.

2 Concatenation.

2.1 Payload container concatenation.

2.2 Contiguous concatenation.

2.2.1 CCAT of VC–4 and STS–1 SPE.

2.2.2 CCAT of VC–2.

2.3 Virtual concatenation.

2.3.1 Payload distribution and reconstruction.

2.3.2 VCAT of VC–n.

2.3.3 VCAT of VC–m.

2.3.4 VCAT of PDH.

2.4 Applications of concatenation.

2.4.1 Contiguous to virtual to contiguous conversion.

2.4.2 VCAT and data transport.

2.4.3 VCAT and OTN signal transport.

3 Link capacity adjustment scheme.

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 LCAS for virtual concatenation.

3.2.1 Methodology.

3.2.2 Control packet.

3.3 Changing the size of a virtual concatenated group.

3.3.1 Planned addition of member(s).

3.3.2 Planned deletion of member(s).

3.3.3 Temporary removal of member.

3.4 LCAS to non-LCAS interworking.

3.4.1 LCAS Source and non-LCAS Sink.

3.4.2 Non-LCAS Source and LCAS Sink.

3.5 LCAS control packet details.

3.5.1 The higher order VLI.

3.5.2 The lower order VLI.

3.5.3 The OTN VLI.

3.5.4 The PDH VLI.

4 The LCAS protocol.

4.1 Introduction.

4.1.1 Asymmetric connections.

4.1.2 Symmetric connections.

4.1.3 Unidirectional operation.8

4.2 The size of a VCG.

4.3 The LCAS protocol described using SDL.

4.3.1 Used SDL symbols.

4.3.2 LCAS state machines.

4.3.3 LCAS events used in the SDL diagrams.

4.3.4 The SDL diagrams.

5 LCAS time sequence diagrams.

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Provisioning a member.

5.3 VCG state transition examples.

5.3.1 An increase of the bandwidth of a VCG.

5.3.2 A decrease of the bandwidth of a VCG.

5.3.3 Decrease of bandwidth due to a network problem.

6 Generic framing procedure.

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Common aspects of GFP for octet-aligned payloads.

6.2.1 Basic signal structure for GFP client frames.

6.2.2 GFP client frames.

6.2.3 GFP control frames.

6.2.4 GFP frame-level functions.

6.3 Client specific aspects for frame-mapped GFP.

6.3.1 Ethernet MAC payload.

6.3.2 IP/PPP payload.

6.3.3 RPR payload.

6.3.4 Fibre Channel payload via FC-BBW.

6.3.5 Direct mapping of MPLS.

6.3.6 Error handling in frame-mapped GFP.

6.4 Client specific aspects for transparent-mapped GFP.

6.4.1 Common aspects of GFP-T.

6.4.2 Client-specific signal fail aspects.

6.5 Server specific aspects of GFP.

6.6 GFP PDU examples.

6.6.1 GFP-F PDU.

6.6.2 GFP-T PDU.

6.6.3 GPT CMF PDU.

7 Functional models for LCAS and GFP.

7.1 Virtual concatenation functions.

7.1.1 Sn–Xv Trail Termination function.

7.1.2 Sn–Xv/Sn–X adaptation function.

7.1.3 Sn–X Trail Termination function.

7.1.4 Sn Trail Termination function.

7.2 S4–Xc to S4–Xc interworking function.

7.3 LCAS-capable VCAT functions.

7.3.1 Sn–Xv–L Layer Trail Termination function.

7.3.2 Sn–Xv/Sn–X–L adaptation function.

7.3.3 Sn–X–L Trail Termination function.

7.3.4 Sn Trail Termination function.

7.3.5 Sn–X–L to Client adaptation function.

7.4 GFP adaptation functions.

7.4.1 Source side GFP adaptation processes.

7.4.2 Sink side GFP adaptation processes.

7.5 Equipment models for GFP.

7.5.1 Ethernet tributary port.

7.5.2 IP router port.

7.5.3 SAN tributary port.

8 The LCAS procedure exercised.

8.1 Basic configuration.

8.1.1 The VCG Source side configuration.

8.1.2 The VCG Sink side configuration.

8.1.3 VCG Source, VCG Sink and subnetwork configuration.

8.2 Exercise 1: Initiate a 3-member VCG.

8.2.1 Step a: provision the connectivity.

8.2.2 Step b: provision the Sink.

8.2.3 Step c: provision the Source.

8.3 Exercise 2: Addition of a member.

8.3.1 Step a: provision the Sink.

8.3.2 Step b: provision the connectivity.

8.3.3 Step c: provision the Source.

8.4 Exercise 3: Removal of a member.

8.4.1 Step a: provision the Source.

8.4.2 Step b: provision the Sink.

8.4.3 Step c: remove the connectivity.

8.5 Exercise 4: Member failure.

8.6 Exercise 5: Member recovery.

8.7 Exercise 6: Network degraded.

8.8 For further study.

8.9 Configuration with LCAS disabled.

8.9.1 The VCG Source side configuration.

8.9.2 The VCG Sink side configuration.

Glossary.

References.

Index.

商品描述(中文翻譯)

**描述**

自二十世紀初以來,電信已經從傳統的語音傳輸轉向數據傳輸,儘管數位語音仍然是重要的貢獻者。為了啟用額外的數據相關傳輸,必須進行一場革命,而不是僅僅演變現有的傳輸標準。

《下一代 SDH/SONET》詳細描述了在任何同步網絡上高效數據傳輸的促成因素。這些因素包括虛擬串接(VCAT),這是一種提供更高粒度的操作,以及鏈路容量調整方案(LCAS),這是 VCAT 的擴展,提供了更多的靈活性。同樣,通用幀程序(GFP)也被詳細探討,這是一種高效地在同步或恆定比特率上傳輸異步或可變比特率數據信號的方法。

● 描述了 SDH/SONET 標準的新擴展,以提供更高的粒度和靈活性,使得以太網和 FICON 等數據相關信號的高效傳輸成為可能。

● 提供了有關由 VCAT、LCAS 和 GFP 支持的多服務傳輸平台(MSTP)實施的全面部分。

● 提供了有關如何利用現有網絡來創建或擴展局域網(LAN)到城域網(MAN)或廣域網(WAN),以及支持存儲區域網(SAN)的寶貴建議。

本書將吸引製造商、工程師以及所有參與開發和部署 SDH、SONET 和 OTN 技術的人士。它也將成為研究生網絡通信課程的寶貴資源。

**目錄**

前言
致謝
1 介紹
1.1 歷史
1.2 慣例
2 串接
2.1 負載容器串接
2.2 連續串接
2.2.1 VC–4 和 STS–1 SPE 的 CCAT
2.2.2 VC–2 的 CCAT
2.3 虛擬串接
2.3.1 負載分配和重建
2.3.2 VC–n 的 VCAT
2.3.3 VC–m 的 VCAT
2.3.4 PDH 的 VCAT
2.4 串接的應用
2.4.1 從連續到虛擬再到連續的轉換
2.4.2 VCAT 和數據傳輸
2.4.3 VCAT 和 OTN 信號傳輸
3 鏈路容量調整方案
3.1 介紹
3.2 用於虛擬串接的 LCAS
3.2.1 方法論
3.2.2 控制封包
3.3 更改虛擬串接組的大小
3.3.1 計劃添加成員
3.3.2 計劃刪除成員
3.3.3 臨時移除成員
3.4 LCAS 與非 LCAS 的互通
3.4.1 LCAS 源和非 LCAS 接收端
3.4.2 非 LCAS 源和 LCAS 接收端
3.5 LCAS 控制封包詳情
3.5.1 高階 VLI
3.5.2 低階 VLI
3.5.3 OTN VLI
3.5.4 PDH VLI
4 LCAS 協議
4.1 介紹
4.1.1 非對稱連接
4.1.2 對稱連接
4.1.3 單向操作
4.2 VCG 的大小
4.3 使用 SDL 描述的 LCAS 協議
4.3.1 使用的 SDL 符號
4.3.2 LCAS 狀態機
4.3.3 SDL 圖中使用的 LCAS 事件
4.3.4 SDL 圖
5 LCAS 時序圖
5.1 介紹
5.2 配置成員
5.3 VCG 狀態轉換示例
5.3.1 VCG 帶寬的增加
5.3.2 VCG 帶寬的減少
5.3.3 由於網絡問題導致的帶寬減少
6 通用幀程序
6.1 介紹
6.2 針對八位元對齊負載的 GFP 共同特性
6.2.1 GFP 客戶幀的基本信號結構
6.2.2 GFP 客戶幀
6.2.3 GFP 控制幀
6.2.4 GFP 幀級功能
6.3 幀映射 GFP 的客戶特定方面
6.3.1 以太網 MAC 負載
6.3.2 IP/PPP 負載
6.3.3 RPR 負載
6.3.4 通過 FC-BBW 的光纖通道負載
6.3.5 MPLS 的直接映射
6.3.6 幀映射 GFP 中的錯誤處理
6.4 透明映射 GFP 的客戶特定方面
6.4.1 GFP-T 的共同特性
6.4.2 客戶特定的信號故障方面
6.5 GFP 的伺服器特定方面
6.6 GFP PDU 示例
6.6.1 GFP-F PDU
6.6.2 GFP-T PDU
6.6.3 GPT CMF PDU
7 LCAS 和 GFP 的功能模型
7.1 虛擬串接功能
7.1.1 Sn–Xv 路徑終止功能
7.1.2 Sn–Xv/Sn–X 適配功能
7.1.3 Sn–X 路徑終止功能
7.1.4 Sn 路徑終止功能
7.2 S4–Xc 到 S4–Xc 的互通功能
7.3 支持 LCAS 的 VCAT 功能
7.3.1 Sn–Xv–L 層路徑終止功能
7.3.2 Sn–Xv/Sn–X–L 適配功能
7.3.3 Sn–X–L 路徑終止功能
7.3.4 Sn 路徑終止功能
7.3.5 Sn–X–L 到客戶的適配功能
7.4 GFP 適配功能
7.4.1 源端 GFP 適配過程
7.4.2 接收端 GFP 適配過程
7.5 GFP 的設備模型
7.5.1 以太網支路端口
7.5.2 IP 路由器端口
7.5.3 SAN 支路端口
8 LCAS 程序的實施
8.1 基本配置
8.1.1 VCG 源端配置
8.1.2 VCG 接收端配置
8.1.3 VCG 源、VCG 接收端和子網配置
8.2 練習 1:啟動一個 3 成員的 VCG
8.2.1 步驟 a:配置連接
8.2.2 步驟 b:配置接收端
8.2.3 步驟 c:配置源端
8.3 練習 2:添加一個成員
8.3.1 步驟 a:配置接收端
8.3.2 步驟 b:配置連接
8.3.3 步驟 c:配置源端
8.4 練習 3:移除一個成員
8.4.1 步驟 a:配置源端
8.4.2 步驟 b:配置接收端
8.4.3 步驟 c:移除連接
8.5 練習 4:成員故障
8.6 練習 5:成員恢復
8.7 練習 6:網絡降級
8.8 進一步學習
8.9 LCAS 禁用的配置
8.9.1 VCG 源端配置
8.9.2 VCG 接收端配置
術語表
參考文獻
索引