Breaking Through The BIOS Barrier: The Definitive BIOS Optimization Guide for PCs

Description:

"Adrian Wong is one of the few really devoted scholars in the field of computer hardware. He applies a rare scientific rigorousness to his work that makes it stand out among the usual stuff on the net. He is a real asset to the PC enthusiast."

—Jeremy Smith, ABIT Computer

"By far the best BIOS Guide there is."

—Steven Lynch, HardOCP.com

"The BIOS Optimization Guide is a one-of-a-kind resource that I refer to anybody who wants to tweak their computers to run the best. And I wouldn't refer others to something I wouldn't use myself. I've referred to the BOG countless times as I upgrade my BIOS or get a new motherboard. The in-depth explanations really let you know what each BIOS option means, and which settings these options yield the highest performance and stability."

—Brandom Hum, AllHardwareZone.com

"Adrian knows more about tweaking a BIOS than Bill Gates knows about Windows. Short and sweet: If you own a computer you need to know about the BIOS; and Adrian is flat-out the authority when it comes to understanding, configuring, or tweaking a computer's BIOS."

—Digital Dave, WinOSCentral.com

"The BIOS is the basic input–output system of any computer that defines how the individual parts of the hardware are interacting with each other. Many of the parameters are completely transparent to the user; however, there are others that are user accessible and allow customizing the performance depending on the individual needs and the choice of components in the system. What was a myth-surrounded part of any computer only some 5 years ago has been largely decrypted by now, mostly due to efforts coming from enthusiasts. Any guide like this will offer invaluable help not only as a reference, but also for troubleshooting of personal computers."

—Michael Schuette, LostCircuits.com

"If you ever wanted to know what you can do with your BIOS, Adrian has it covered. Being an admirer for more years than I can count, the BIOS Optimization Guide is a fantastic journey into the inner workings of a PC at the root level. It has taught me how to tweak my PC in a safe way and get the most out of my system. Period."

—David Kroll, ExtensionTech.net

"It is the one piece of the system that is powered continually—even when the computer is unplugged. It is the first program that runs on start-up. Without it, no operating system would install. It is the first component that requires configuration. It is the first feature that requires your attention. It is... THE SYSTEM BIOS. The very first procedure to be performed on a newly assembled computer system is to ensure that the system BIOS is up-to-date. This procedure in itself can be clouded in mystery and present some trepidation for the average user. Then comes the Black Art of BIOS configuration. Has the BIOS detected the hardware correctly? Is there some hardware that should remain disabled? What do each of the BIOS settings mean, and more importantly, what do they do? Whether you are planning to build a new system or merely upgrade an old one, it is advisable to have some knowledge of the system BIOS. The Definitive BIOS Guide from Rojak Pot represents one of the most complete resources for BIOS configuration currently available. Check it out!"

—Thomas Monk, Accelenation.com

"The BIOS Optimization Guide is a truly useful resource for those looking to get the most out of their systems. I often point people to the BOG to learn more about memory timings and what they mean."

—Sean Sinha, OCZ Technology

"95% of all Bios optimizations that I now know I learned from Rojak Pot's guide. And so did everyone else. If they tell you different, they are not telling the you the truth or they read it on a site that stole the information from his."

—Frank Trockel, Trainwrecker.com

"Whether you are an overclocking uber geek or a first-time computer user, Adrian's BIOS Optimization Guide is a must. I can truthfully say that 90% of what I have learned about BIOS optimization has been through the use of Adrian's guide. Why else would I refer to him as 'The King of the BIOS'?"

—Kevin Elliot, Hi-TechReviews.com

"Adrian has done the tech community a great service by making this guide. It has personally saved me time on both repairs and evaluations. With BIOS options as numerous as they are today, it's wonderful to have a one-stop-source to decipher them all."

—Nathan Warawa, GamingIn3D.com

"You know, I couldn't count the amount of times I've referred people to your BIOS Guideelit's very informative, and saves me the time of explaining why people should disable Video BIOS Shadowing, why Fast Writes isn't such a big deal for today's games, and much more." "Just wanted to say thanks for saving me time and also helping me out. (I learned a lot from it, too!) Keep up the most excellent work."

—Matt Burris, 3DGPU.com

"...this isn't so much a Knowledge base but a labor of love. Not only has this guide had a place in both Titch's and My Favorites for many years, but I'm really excited to see it still going after many, many years. Well done, Adrian. Keep up the excellent work."

—JohnL, The ModFathers.com

"Adrian Wong of Adrian's Rojak Pot has been building up his BIOS Guide since late 1999. Today, he hit version 6.0, and the guide is now comprehensive in its scope. It comes highly recommended from me due to the fact that BIOS optimizations can yield positive results in performance and compatibility for everyone. Adrian also goes into far greater detail than even your best motherboard manual and even debunks some "myths" that some manufacturers still propagate."

—Ryu Connor, Tech-Report.com

"This is one of the most comprehensive and user-friendly guides I have found to date. I was able to do various tweaks with my mem/cpu that increased my overall system performance by about 15%. Many of the BIOS tweaks will depend on your mobo and whether certain options are even available in your BIOS menu. However, I do recommend that even ppl that aren't familiar with working with the BIOS give it a go with this guide... Really helps to answer all your questions."

—James, TimSoft.com

"Some bookmarks occupy space in my Favorites folder just in case I need such a resource in the future, but others are frequent visits. I can easily see this one being a resource to which I refer often. This site contains very good explanations of the numerous configuration options you see in the BIOS. ...this truly is a link you'll want to keep around. This one is already sync'ed to my iPaq!"

—LockerGnome.com

"This is the most comprehensive BIOS Guide available. Just about every option in a modern BIOS is explained. The best performance setting is usually pointed out, and the explanations are easy to follow. A must for any overclocker wanna-be."

—Tim B., OCWorkbench.com

"I'd like to congratulate the author of the BIOS Optimization Guide. This is absolutely marvelous. I was looking specifically for advanced information on the AGP Aperture Size setting, and you guys have got TEN paragraphs on it."

—Sherman, Microsoft Support Services

The first authoritative guide to optimizing your PC's BIOS

Your PC's BIOS enables your software and hardware to work together. But they can work together better—way better. If you want the best possible PC performance and stability, this book shows you exactly what to tweak, and how to tweak it.

Until now, most BIOS information was terse, incomprehensible...practically useless. Not anymore! Breaking Through the BIOS Barrier: The Definitive BIOS Optimization Guide for PCs reveals the secrets behind 200 of today's most important BIOS settings. You won't just learn what they're for: You'll learn exactly how to use them in both optimization and troubleshooting.

Author Adrian Wong created the Web's #1 BIOS resource: the BIOS Optimization Guide at Adrian's Rojak Pot. Nobody knows more about your PC's BIOS... and no other book delivers this much accurate, usable information!

Learn about:

• The BIOS—what it really is, what it does, and how to optimize it safely
• All the different BIOS features and how to optimize them
• Optimizing your system memory, CPU, PCI bus, AGP port, USB ports, hard disks, and more
• Customizing the boot sequence and accelerating the bootup process
• Maximizing system security and stability
• Restoring your BIOS in any emergency, step by step
• Myths and misconceptions surrounding the BIOS—and the truth

If you're a gamer, PC enthusiast, or tech support professional... if you care about PC performance and reliability... if you're passionate about what goes on under the hood... this is the book you've been searching for!

 

Table of Contents:

Foreword by Lewis Keller, Mushkin.

Introduction.

1. What Is The Bios.

    How Does The BIOS Work?.

    The Motherboard BIOS.

    The BIOS Chip.

    What Does It Do?.

    Why Optimize the BIOS?.

    How Do I Optimize the BIOS?.

    BIOS Updates.

      How Do I Update the BIOS?.

      Determining the BIOS Version.

      Obtaining the BIOS Update.

      Preparing a BIOS Flash Disk.

      Flashing the Motherboard BIOS.

    Accessing the BIOS Setup Utility.

    The BIOS Setup Utility.

    Optimizing the BIOS.

2. Special Topics.

    BIOS Emergencies.

    Unbootable System.

      Power Off-Power On.

      Keyboard Reset.

      CMOS Discharge Jumper.

      CMOS Battery Removal.

    Corrupted BIOS.

    Hot Flashing.

      What Do I Need To Hot Flash a BIOS Chip?.

       Step 1: Create a DOS Boot Disk.

      Step 2: Prepare a Hot-Flash Capable Computer.

      Step 3: Booting Up with the Boot Disk.

      Step 4: Swap the BIOS Chips.

      Step 5: Flash the Corrupted BIOS Chip.

      Step 6: Swap the BIOS Chips Again.

      What If You Don’t Have a Similar Motherboard?.

      Flashing With a Different Motherboard.

      The Universal BIOS Flash Utility.

    Summary.

3. Quick Reviews.

    Introduction.

    #.

      8-bit I/O Recovery Time.

      16-bit I/O Recovery Time.

      32-bit Disk Access.

      32-bit Transfer Mode.

    A.

      Act Bank A to B CMD Delay.

      AGP 2X Mode.

      AGP 4X Drive Strength.

      AGP 4X Mode.

      AGP 8X Mode.

      AGP Always Compensate.

      AGP Aperture Size.

      AGP Capability.

      AGP Clock / CPU FSB Clock.

      AGP Drive Strength.

      AGP Drive Strength N Ctrl.

      AGP Drive Strength P Ctrl.

      AGP Driving Control.

      AGP Driving Value .

      AGP Fast Write.

      AGP ISA Aliasing.

      AGP Master 1WS Read.

       AGP Master 1WS Write.

      AGP Prefetch.

      AGP Secondary Lat Timer.

      AGP Spread Spectrum.

      AGP to DRAM Prefetch.

      AGPCLK / CPUCLK.

      Anti-Virus Protection.

      APIC Function.

      Assign IRQ For USB.

      Assign IRQ For VGA.

            AT Bus Clock.

      ATA100RAID IDE Controller.

      Athlon 4 SSED Instruction.

      Auto Detect DIMM/PCI Clk.

      Auto Turn Off PCI Clock Pin.

    B.

      Boot Other Device.

      Boot Sequence.

      Boot Sequence EXT Means.

      Boot To OS/2.

      Boot Up Floppy Seek.

      Boot Up NumLock Status.

      Byte Merge.

    C.

      Clock Throttle.

      Compatible FPU OPCODE.

      CPU/DRAM CLK Synch CTL.

      CPU Drive Strength.

      CPU Fast String.

      CPU Hyper-Threading.

      CPU L2 Cache ECC Checking.

      CPU Latency Timer.

      CPU Level 1 Cache.

      CPU Level 2 Cache.

      CPU Level 3 Cache.

      CPU Thermal-Throttling.

      CPU to PCI Post Write.

      CPU to PCI Write Buffer.

      CPU VCore Voltage.

    D.

      DBI Output for AGP Trans..

      Delay DRAM Read Latch.

      Delay IDE Initial.

      Delay Prior To Thermal.

      Delayed Transaction.

      Differential Current.

      Disable Unused PCI Clock.

      DOS Flat Mode.

      DRAM Act to PreChrg CMD.

      DRAM Burst Length 8QW.

      DRAM Data Integrity Mode.

      DRAM Idle Timer.

      DRAM Interleave Time.

      DRAM Page-Mode.

      DRAM PreChrg to Act CMD.

      DRAM Ratio (CPU:DRAM).

      DRAM Ratio H/W Strap.

      DRAM Read Latch Delay.

      DRAM Refresh Rate.

      Duplex Select.

    E.

      ECP Mode Use DMA.

      EPP Mode Select.

    F.

      Fast R-W Turn Around.

      Fast Write to Read Turnaround.

      First Boot Device.

      Flash BIOS Protection.

      Floppy 3 Mode Support.

      Floppy Disk Access Control.

      Force 4-Way Interleave.

      Force Update ESCD.

      FPU OPCODE Compatible Mode.

      Frame Buffer Size.

      FSB Spread Spectrum.

      Full Screen Logo.

    G.

      Gate A20 Option.

      Graphic Win Size.

      Graphic Window WR Combin.

      Graphics Aperture Size.

    H.

      Hardware Reset Protect.

      HDD S.M.A.R.T. Capability.

      Host Bus In-Order Queue Depth.

      Hyper-Threading Technology.

    I.

      IDE Bus Master Support.

      IDE HDD Block Mode.

      Init Display First.

      In-Order Queue Depth.

      Interrupt Mode.

      IOQD.

      ISA 14.318MHz Clock.

      ISA Enable Bit.

    K.

      K7 CLK_CTL Select.

      KBC Input Clock Select.

      Keyboard Auto-Repeat Delay.

      Keyboard Auto-Repeat Rate.

    L.

      L3 Cache.

      LD-Off Dram RD/WR Cycles.

      Level 2 Cache Latency.

    M.

      Master Drive PIO Mode.

      Master Drive UltraDMA.

      Master Priority Rotation.

      MD Driving Strength.

      Memory Hole At 15M-16M.

      MP Capable Bit Identify.

      MPS Control Version For OS.

      MPS Revision.

      Multi-Sector Transfers.

    N.

      N/B Strap CPU As.

      No Mask of SBA FE.

    O.

      Onboard FDC Swap A & B.

      Onboard FDD Controller.

      Onboard IDE-1 Controller.

      Onboard IDE-2 Controller.

      Onboard IR Function.

      Onboard Parallel Port.

      Onboard Serial Port 1.

      Onboard Serial Port 2.

      Onboard USB Controller.

      OnChip VGA Mode Select.

      OS/2 Onboard Memory > 64M.

      OS Select For DRAM > 64MB.

    P.

      P2C/C2P Concurrency.

      Parallel Port Mode.

      Passive Release.

      PCI#2 Access #1 Retry.

      PCI 2.1 Compliance.

      PCI Chaining.

      PCI Clock / CPU FSB Clock.

      PCI Delay Transaction.

      PCI Dynamic Bursting.

       PCI IDE Busmaster.

      PCI IRQ Activated By.

      PCI Latency Timer.

      PCI Master 0 WS Read.

      PCI Master 0 WS Write.

      PCI Master Read Caching.

      PCI Pipelining.

      PCI Prefetch.

      PCI Target Latency.

      PCI to DRAM Prefetch.

      PCI/VGA Palette Snoop.

      PIO Mode.

      PIRQ x Use IRQ No..

      PNP OS Installed.

      Post Write Combine.

      Power On Function.

      Primary Graphics Adapter.

      Primary VGA BIOS.

      Processor Number Feature.

      PS/2 Mouse Function Control.

    Q.

      Quick Boot.

      Quick Power On Self Test.

    R.

      Rank Interleave.

      Read-Around-Write.

      Read Wait State.

      Refresh Interval.

      Refresh Mode Select.

      Report No FDD For Win95.

      Reset Configuration Data.

      Resource Controlled By.

      RxD, TxD Active.

    S.

      S2K Bus Driving Strength.

      S2K Strobe N Control.

      S2K Strobe P Control.

      SDRAM 1T Command.

      SDRAM 1T Command Control.

      SDRAM Active to Precharge Delay.

       SDRAM Bank Interleave.

      SDRAM Bank-to-Bank Delay.

      SDRAM Burst Len.

      SDRAM Burst Length.

      SDRAM CAS Latency Time.

      SDRAM Command Leadoff Time.

      SDRAM Command Rate.

      SDRAM Cycle Length.

      SDRAM Cycle Time Tras/Trc.

      SDRAM ECC Setting.

      SDRAM Idle Limit.

      SDRAM Leadoff Command.

      SDRAM Page Closing Policy.

      SDRAM Page Hit Limit.

      SDRAM PH Limit.

      SDRAM Precharge Control.

      SDRAM RAS Precharge Delay.

      SDRAM RAS Precharge Time.

      SDRAM RAS Pulse Width.

      SDRAM RAS-to-CAS Delay.

      SDRAM Row Active Time.

      SDRAM Row Cycle Time.

      SDRAM Tras Timing Value.

      SDRAM Trc Timing Value.

      SDRAM Trcd Timing Value.

      SDRAM Trp Timing Value.

      SDRAM Bank-to-Bank Delay.

      SDRAM Trrd Timing Value.

      SDRAM Write Recovery Time.

      SDRAM Write to Read Command Delay.

      Second Boot Device.

      Security Setup.

      Shadowing Address Ranges

      Share Memory Size.

      Slave Drive PIO Mode.

       Slave Drive UltraDMA.

      Speed Error Hold.

      Split Lock Operations.

      Spread Spectrum.

      Super Bypass Mode.

      Super Bypass Wait State.

      SuperStability Mode.

      Swap Floppy Drive.

      Synchronous Mode Select.

      System BIOS Cacheable.

    T.

      Third Boot Device.

      TX, RX Inverting Enable.

      Typematic Rate.

      Typematic Rate Delay.

      Typematic Rate Setting.

    U.

      Ultra DMA Mode.

      UltraDMA-100 IDE Controller.

      UltraDMA-133 IDE Controller.

      UltraDMA-66 IDE Controller.

      USB Controller.

      USB Keyboard Support.

      USB Mouse Support.

      USWC Write Posting.

    V.

      Video BIOS Cacheable.

      Video BIOS Shadowing.

      Video Memory Cache Mode.

      Video RAM Cacheable.

      Virus Warning.

      VLink 8X Support.

    W.

      Watchdog Timer.

      Write Data In to Read Delay.

      Write Recovery Time.

4. Detailed Descriptions.

    Introduction.

    #.

      8-bit I/O Recovery Time.

      16-bit I/O Recovery Time.

      32-bit Disk Access.

      32-bit Transfer Mode.

    A.

      Act Bank A to B CMD Delay.

      AGP 2X Mode.

      AGP 4X Drive Strength.

      AGP 4X Mode.

      AGP 8X Mode.

      AGP Always Compensate.

      AGP Aperture Size.

      AGP Capability.

      AGP Clock / CPU FSB Clock.

      AGP Drive Strength.

      AGP Drive Strength N Ctrl.

      AGP Drive Strength P Ctrl.

      AGP Driving Control.

      AGP Driving Value.

      AGP Fast Write.

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