College Physics, 12/e (GE-Paperback)

本書序言

●由共同作者 Chris Vuille 開發的新活動 S.T.E.P. (Scaffolding the Essentials of Physics) 現已在 WebAssign 上提供。STEP 是一項學習活動，旨在系統性地引導學生掌握解決物理問題的能力。本書第十二版已與 STEP 的主題進度對齊，為您的學生提供教科書與 WebAssign 之間的一致性。
●新增了許多範例，並對許多現有範例進行了修訂，以提高其教學價值、清晰度和質量。

本書特色

●全面更新並現代化，涵蓋最近的發展和應用，包括 SI 基本單位的重新定義、無線充電、LED 燈泡及其他現代應用。
●本書的標誌性範例繼續為學生解決問題提供框架。每個範例提供一個目標、問題和策略，而解決方案則使用兩欄格式，左側提供解釋，右側提供數學步驟。備註強調基本概念，問題要求學生提供概念性回應，練習則加強他們的理解。
●每個主題結尾都會呈現概念性問題：應用物理範例作為模型，展示如何將概念應用於物理世界。
●引導問題訓練學生如何將複雜問題分解為更簡單的步驟，使學生能夠掌握解決方案所需的所有概念和策略。
●符號問題訓練學生以適合課程的數學水平處理數學，並呈現物理概念之間的關係。
●定量概念問題要求的答案不僅僅是數字或計算，鼓勵學生進行概念性思考，而不是依賴計算技能，以便他們理解自己在做什麼。
●生物醫學應用與問題及 MCAT 測試準備涉及物理原則在生物學和醫學中的實際和有趣應用。
●快速測驗使用客觀評估格式（包括選擇題、是非題、配對和排名問題）為學生提供測試理解的機會。
●應用物理特徵為學生提供回顧該部分所呈現概念的方式。有些範例展示了該章節概念與其他科學學科之間的聯繫。
●文本邊緣的提示針對常見的學生誤解，在需要的時候提供幫助。

Raymond A. Serway is Professor Emeritus at James Madison University. He earned his doctorate at Illinois Institute of Technology. Among his accolades, he received an honorary doctorate degree from his alma mater, Utica College, the 1990 Madison Scholar Award at James Madison University (where he taught for 17 years), the 1977 Distinguished Teaching Award at Clarkson University and the 1985 Alumni Achievement Award from Utica College. As a Guest Scientist at the IBM Research Laboratory in Zurich, Switzerland, Dr. Serway worked with K. Alex Müller, who shared the 1987 Nobel Prize in Physics. He also was a visiting scientist at Argonne National Laboratory, where he collaborated with his mentor and friend, the late Sam Marshall. In addition to this text, Dr. Serway is the co-author of COLLEGE PHYSICS, Eleventh Edition; PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS, Fifth Edition; ESSENTIALS OF COLLEGE PHYSICS; MODERN PHYSICS, Third Edition; and the high school textbook PHYSICS, published by Holt McDougal. He has published more than 40 research papers in the field of condensed matter physics and has given more than 60 presentations at professional meetings. 

Chris Vuille (PhD, University of Florida) is associate professor of physics at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, the world's premier institution for aviation higher education. While he has taught courses at all levels, including postgraduate, his primary interest is the teaching of introductory physics courses. He conducts research in general relativity, astrophysics, cosmology, and quantum theory and was a participant in a special three-year NASA grant program where he studied properties of neutron stars. His work has appeared in many scientific journals and in ANALOG SCIENCE FICTION/SCIENCE FACT magazine. He is the coauthor of COLLEGE PHYSICS, Eleventh Edition and ESSENTIALS OF COLLEGE PHYSICS. 

雷蒙德·A·塞維（Raymond A. Serway）是詹姆斯·麥迪遜大學的名譽教授。他在伊利諾伊理工學院獲得博士學位。塞維教授的榮譽包括從母校尤蒂卡學院獲得榮譽博士學位、1990年詹姆斯·麥迪遜大學的麥迪遜學者獎（他在該校任教17年）、1977年克拉克森大學的傑出教學獎以及1985年尤蒂卡學院的校友成就獎。作為瑞士蘇黎世IBM研究實驗室的客座科學家，塞維博士與1987年諾貝爾物理學獎得主K. Alex Müller合作。他還曾是阿貢國家實驗室的訪問科學家，與他的導師和朋友已故的山姆·馬歇爾（Sam Marshall）合作。除了這些文字，塞維博士還是《大學物理學》（COLLEGE PHYSICS，第十一版）、《物理學原理》（PRINCIPLES OF PHYSICS，第五版）、《大學物理學要點》（ESSENTIALS OF COLLEGE PHYSICS）、《現代物理學》（MODERN PHYSICS，第三版）以及霍爾特·麥克杜格爾出版的高中教科書《物理學》（PHYSICS）的共同作者。他在凝聚態物理領域發表了40多篇研究論文，並在專業會議上進行了60多次報告。

克里斯·維爾（Chris Vuille）（佛羅里達大學博士）是艾姆布里-瑞德爾航空大學的物理學副教授，該校是全球航空高等教育的首屈一指的機構。雖然他教授各個層級的課程，包括研究生課程，但他的主要興趣在於教授入門物理課程。他的研究領域包括廣義相對論、天體物理學、宇宙學和量子理論，並參與了一個為期三年的特殊NASA資助計畫，研究中子星的特性。他的研究成果發表在許多科學期刊和《類比科幻/科學事實》雜誌上。他是《大學物理學》（COLLEGE PHYSICS，第十一版）和《大學物理學要點》（ESSENTIALS OF COLLEGE PHYSICS）的共同作者。

PART I: MECHANICS
1. Units, Trigonometry, and Vectors.
Standards of Measurements. Measurement Uncertainty and Estimation. Math Review. Vectors. Overview of Physics.
2. Motion in One Dimension.
Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration. Motion Diagrams and Graphs. One-Dimensional Motion with Constant Acceleration. Freely Falling Objects.
3. Motion in Two Dimensions.
Displacement. Velocity, Speed, and Acceleration. Two-Dimensional Motion. Relative Velocity.
4. Newton's Laws of Motion.
Forces and Newton’s First Law. Newton’s Second Law and Weight. Newton’s Third Law. The Normal Force. Friction Forces. Tension Forces. Applications of Newton’s Laws. Two-Body Problems.
5. Energy.
Work. Kinetic Energy and the Work–Energy Theorem. Conservative and Nonconservative Forces. Gravitational Potential Energy. Gravity and Nonconservative Forces. Spring Potential Energy. Systems and Energy Conservation. Power. Work Done by a Varying Force.
6. Momentum, Impulse, and Collisions.
Momentum and Impulse. Conservation of Momentum. Collisions in One Dimension. Glancing Collisions. Rocket Propulsion.
7. Rotational Motion and Gravitation.
Angular Velocity and Angular Acceleration. Rotational Motion Under Constant Angular Acceleration. Tangential Velocity, Tangential Acceleration, and Centripetal Acceleration. Newton’s Second Law for Uniform Circular Motion. Newtonian Gravitation.
8. Rotational Equilibrium and Dynamics.
Torque. Center of Mass and its Motion. Torque and the Two Conditions for Equilibrium. The Rotational Second Law of Motion. Rotational Kinetic Energy. Angular Momentum.
9. Fluids and Solids.
States of Matter. Density and Pressure. Variation of Pressure with Depth. Pressure Measurements. Buoyant Forces and Archimedes’ Principle. Fluids in Motion. Other Applications of Fluid Dynamics. Surface Tension, Capillary Action, and Viscous Fluid Flow. Transport Phenomena. The Deformation of Solids.
PART II: THERMODYNAMICS.
10. Thermal Physics.
Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics. Thermometers and Temperature Scales. Thermal Expansion of Solids and Liquids. The Ideal Gas Law. The Kinetic Theory of Gases.
11. Energy in Thermal Processes.
Heat and Internal Energy. Specific Heat. Calorimetry. Latent Heat and Phase Change. Energy Transfer. Climate Change and Greenhouse Gases.
12. The Laws of Thermodynamics.
Work in Thermodynamic Processes. The First Law of Thermodynamics. Thermal Processes in Gases. Heat Engines and the Second Law of Thermodynamics. Entropy. Human Metabolism.
PART III: VIBRATIONS AND WAVES.
13. Vibrations and Waves. Hooke’s Law. Elastic Potential Energy. Concepts of Oscillation Rates in Simple Harmonic Motion. Position, Velocity, and Acceleration as Functions of Time. Motion of a Pendulum. Damped Oscillations. Waves. Frequency, Amplitude, and Wavelength. The Speed of Waves on Strings. Interference of Waves. Reflection of Waves.
14. Sound.
Producing a Sound Wave. Characteristics of Sound Waves. The Speed of Sound. Energy and Intensity of Sound Waves. Spherical and Plane Waves. The Doppler Effect. Interference of Sound Waves. Standing Waves. Forced Vibrations and Resonance. Standing Waves in Air Columns. Beats. Quality of Sound. The Ear.
PART IV: ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM.
15. Electric Forces and Fields.
Electric Charges, Insulators, and Conductors. Coulomb’s Law. Electric Fields. Electric Field Lines. Conductors in Electrostatic Equilibrium. The Millikan Oil-Drop Experiment. The Van de Graaff Generator. Electric Flux and Gauss’s Law.
16. Electrical Energy and Capacitance.
Electric Potential Energy and Electric Potential. Electric Potential and Potential Energy Due to Point Charges. Potentials, Charged Conductors, and Equipotential Surfaces. Applications. Capacitors. Combinations of Capacitors. Energy in a Capacitor. Capacitors with Dielectrics.
17. Current and Resistance.
Electric Current. A Microscopic View: Current and Drift Speed. Current and Voltage Measurements In Circuits. Resistance, Resistivity, and Ohm’s Law. Temperature Variation of Resistance. Electrical Energy and Power. Superconductors. Electrical Activity in the Heart.
18. Direct-Current Circuits.
Sources of emf. Resistors in Series. Resistors in Parallel. Kirchhoff's Rules and Complex DC Circuits. RC Circuits. Household Circuits. Electrical Safety. Conduction of Electrical Signals by Neurons.
19. Magnetism.
Magnets. Earth’s Magnetic Field. Magnetic Fields. Motion of a Charged Particle in a Magnetic Field. Magnetic Force on a Current-Carrying Conductor. Magnetic Torque. Ampere’s Law. Magnetic Force Between Two Parallel Conductors. Magnetic Fields of Current Loops and Solenoids. Magnetic Domains.
20. Induced Voltages and Inductance.
Induced emf and Magnetic Flux. Faraday’s Law of Induction and Lenz’s Law. Motional emf. Generators Self-Inductance. RL Circuits. Energy Stored in a Magnetic Field.
21. Alternating-Current Circuits and Electromagnetic Waves.
Resistors in an AC Circuit. Capacitors in an AC Circuit. Inductors in an AC Circuit. The RLC Series Circuit. Power in an AC Circuit. Resonance in a Series RLC Circuit. The Transformer. Maxwell’s Predictions. Hertz’s Confirmation of Maxwell’s Predictions. Production of Electromagnetic Waves by an Antenna. Properties of Electromagnetic Waves. The Spectrum of Electromagnetic Waves. The Doppler Effect for Electromagnetic Waves.
PART V: LIGHT AND OPTICS.
22. Reflection and Refraction of Light.
The Nature of Light. Reflection and Refraction. The Law of Refraction. Total Internal Reflection. Huygen’s Principle. Dispersion and Prisms. The Rainbow.
23. Mirrors and Lenses.
Flat Mirrors. Images Formed by Spherical Mirrors. Thin Lenses. Lens and Mirror Aberrations. Images Formed by Refraction.
24. Wave Optics.
Conditions for Interference. Young’s Double-Slit Experiment. Diffraction. Diffraction Gratings. Single-Slit Diffraction. Change of Phase Due to Reflection. Interference in Thin Films. Polarization of Light Waves.
25. Optical Instruments.
The Camera. The Eye. The Simple Magnifier. The Compound Microscope. The Telescope. Resolution of Single-Slit and Circular Apertures. The Michelson Interferometer.
PART VI: MODERN PHYSICS
26. Relativity.
Galilean Relativity. The Speed of Light. Einstein’s Principle of Relativity. Consequences of Special Relativity. Relativistic Momentum. Relative Velocity in Special Relativity. Relativistic Energy and the Equivalence of Mass and Energy. General Relativity.
27. Quantum Physics.
Blackbody Radiation and Planck’s Hypothesis. The Photoelectric Effect and the Particle Theory of Light. X-Rays. Diffraction of X-Rays by Crystals. The Compton Effect. The Dual Nature of Light and Matter. The Wave Function. The Uncertainty Principle.
28. Atomic Physics.
Early Models of the Atom. Atomic Spectra. The Bohr Model. Quantum Mechanics and the Hydrogen Atom. The Exclusion Principle and the Periodic Table. Characteristic X-Rays. Atomic Transitions and Lasers.
29. Nuclear Physics.
Some Properties of Nuclei. Binding Energy. Radioactivity. The Decay Processes. Natural Radioactivity. Nuclear Reactions. Medical Applications of Radiation.
30. Nuclear Energy and Elementary Particles.
Nuclear Fission. Nuclear Fusion. Elementary Particles and the Fundamental Forces. Positrons and Other Antiparticles. Classification of Particles. Conservation Laws. The Eightfold Way. Quarks and Color. Electroweak Theory and the Standard Model. The Cosmic Connection. Unanswered Questions in Cosmology. Problems and Perspectives.
Appendix A: Mathematics Review. Appendix B: An Abbreviated Table of Isotopes. Appendix C: Some Useful Tables. Appendix D: SI Units.
Answers to Quick Quizzes, Example Questions, and Odd-Numbered Conceptual Questions and Problems.

PART I: 力學
1. 單位、三角學與向量。
測量標準。測量不確定性與估算。數學回顧。向量。物理概述。
2. 一維運動。
位移、速度與加速度。運動圖與圖表。恆定加速度的一維運動。自由下落物體。
3. 二維運動。
位移。速度、速率與加速度。二維運動。相對速度。
4. 牛頓運動定律。
力與牛頓第一定律。牛頓第二定律與重力。牛頓第三定律。法向力。摩擦力。拉力。牛頓定律的應用。兩體問題。
5. 能量。
功。動能與功-能定理。保守力與非保守力。重力位能。重力與非保守力。彈簧位能。系統與能量守恆。功率。變力所做的功。
6. 動量、衝量與碰撞。
動量與衝量。動量守恆。一維碰撞。斜碰撞。火箭推進。
7. 旋轉運動與引力。
角速度與角加速度。恆定角加速度下的旋轉運動。切向速度、切向加速度與向心加速度。均勻圓周運動的牛頓第二定律。牛頓引力。
8. 旋轉平衡與動力學。
扭矩。質心及其運動。扭矩與平衡的兩個條件。旋轉運動的第二定律。旋轉動能。角動量。
9. 流體與固體。
物質的狀態。密度與壓力。深度變化的壓力。壓力測量。浮力與阿基米德原理。流體運動。流體動力學的其他應用。表面張力、毛細作用與粘性流體流動。傳輸現象。固體的變形。
PART II: 熱力學。
10. 熱物理。
溫度與熱力學的零定律。溫度計與溫度刻度。固體與液體的熱膨脹。理想氣體定律。氣體的動力學理論。
11. 熱過程中的能量。
熱與內能。比熱。熱量測定。潛熱與相變。能量轉移。氣候變遷與溫室氣體。
12. 熱力學定律。
熱力學過程中的功。熱力學第一定律。氣體中的熱過程。熱機與熱力學第二定律。熵。人體代謝。
PART III: 振動與波。
13. 振動與波。胡克定律。彈性位能。簡諧運動中的振盪速率概念。位置、速度與加速度作為時間的函數。擺的運動。阻尼振動。波。頻率、振幅與波長。弦上的波速。波的干涉。波的反射。
14. 聲音。
產生聲波。聲波的特性。聲速。聲波的能量與強度。球面波與平面波。多普勒效應。聲波的干涉。駐波。強迫振動與共振。氣柱中的駐波。拍音。聲音的質量。耳朵。
PART IV: 電與磁。
15. 電力與電場。
電荷、絕緣體與導體。庫侖定律。電場。電場線。靜電平衡中的導體。米利肯油滴實驗。范德格拉夫發電機。電通量與高斯定律。
16. 電能與電容。
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