Investigations in Computational Sarcasm
暫譯: 計算諷刺的研究
Joshi, Aditya, Bhattacharyya, Pushpak, Carman, Mark J.
- 出版商: Springer
- 出版日期: 2019-01-19
- 售價: $4,200
- 貴賓價: 9.5 折 $3,990
- 語言: 英文
- 頁數: 143
- 裝訂: Quality Paper - also called trade paper
- ISBN: 9811341397
- ISBN-13: 9789811341397
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商品描述
This book describes the authors' investigations of computational sarcasm based on the notion of incongruity. In addition, it provides a holistic view of past work in computational sarcasm and the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead. Sarcastic text is a peculiar form of sentiment expression and computational sarcasm refers to computational techniques that process sarcastic text. To first understand the phenomenon of sarcasm, three studies are conducted: (a) how is sarcasm annotation impacted when done by non-native annotators? (b) How is sarcasm annotation impacted when the task is to distinguish between sarcasm and irony? And (c) can targets of sarcasm be identified by humans and computers. Following these studies, the book proposes approaches for two research problems: sarcasm detection and sarcasm generation. To detect sarcasm, incongruity is captured in two ways: 'intra-textual incongruity' where the authors look at incongruity within the text to be classified (i.e., target text) and 'context incongruity' where the authors incorporate information outside the target text. These approaches use machine-learning techniques such as classifiers, topic models, sequence labelling, and word embeddings. These approaches operate at multiple levels: (a) sentiment incongruity (based on sentiment mixtures), (b) semantic incongruity (based on word embedding distance), (c) language model incongruity (based on unexpected language model), (d) author's historical context (based on past text by the author), and (e) conversational context (based on cues from the conversation). In the second part of the book, the authors present the first known technique for sarcasm generation, which uses a template-based approach to generate a sarcastic response to user input. This book will prove to be a valuable resource for researchers working on sentiment analysis, especially as applied to automation in social media.
商品描述(中文翻譯)
本書描述了作者基於不協調性概念對計算諷刺的研究。此外，它提供了對過去計算諷刺工作的整體觀察，以及未來面臨的挑戰和機會。諷刺文本是一種特殊的情感表達形式，而計算諷刺則指處理諷刺文本的計算技術。為了首先理解諷刺現象，進行了三項研究：（a）非母語標註者進行諷刺標註時會受到什麼影響？（b）當任務是區分諷刺和反諷時，諷刺標註會受到什麼影響？（c）人類和計算機能否識別諷刺的目標。隨著這些研究的進行，本書提出了兩個研究問題的方法：諷刺檢測和諷刺生成。為了檢測諷刺，不協調性以兩種方式捕捉：'文本內不協調性'，作者關注要分類的文本（即目標文本）內部的不協調性，以及'上下文不協調性'，作者納入目標文本之外的信息。這些方法使用機器學習技術，如分類器、主題模型、序列標記和詞嵌入。這些方法在多個層面上運作：（a）情感不協調性（基於情感混合），（b）語義不協調性（基於詞嵌入距離），（c）語言模型不協調性（基於意外的語言模型），（d）作者的歷史背景（基於作者過去的文本），以及（e）對話上下文（基於對話中的提示）。在本書的第二部分，作者介紹了已知的第一種諷刺生成技術，該技術使用基於模板的方法來生成對用戶輸入的諷刺回應。本書將成為從事情感分析研究者的寶貴資源，特別是在社交媒體自動化應用方面。
作者簡介
Aditya Joshi has been a PhD student at IITB-Monash Research Academy, Mumbai, a joint PhD programme run by the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay) and Monash University, Australia, since January 2013. His primary research focus is computational sarcasm, and he has explored different ways in which incongruity can be captured in order to detect and generate sarcasm. In addition, he has worked on innovative applications of natural language processing (NLP) such as sentiment analysis for Indian languages, drunk-texting prediction, news headline translation, and political issue extraction. The monograph is an outcome of Aditya's PhD research.
Dr. Pushpak Bhattacharyya is the current president of The Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) (2016-17). He is the Director of the Indian Institute of Technology Patna (IIT Patna) and Vijay and Sita Vashee Chair Professor at the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay (IIT Bombay). He was educated at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur (IIT Kharagpur) (B.Tech), Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur) (M.Tech.) and IIT Bombay (PhD).
He has been a visiting scholar and faculty member at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Stanford, UT Houston and University Joseph Fouriere (France). Prof. Bhattacharyya's research areas include natural language processing, machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI). Loved by his students for his inspiring teaching and mentorship, he has guided more than 250 students (PhD, Masters and Bachelors). He has published over 250 research papers, is author of the textbook 'Machine Translation' and has led government and industry projects of international and national importance. His significant contributions in the field include multilingual lexical knowledge bases and projection. Prof. Bhattacharyya is a fellow of the National Academy of Engineering and recipient of the IIT Bombay Patwardhan Award and the Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT Roorkee) VNMM award, both for technology development. He has also received IBM, Microsoft, Yahoo and United Nations faculty grants.
Dr. Mark J. Carman is a senior lecturer at the Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Australia. He obtained a Ph.D. from the University of Trento, Italy in 2004. His research and interests span theoretical studies (e.g. investigating statistical properties of information retrieval measures), to practical applications (e.g. technology for assisting police during digital forensic investigations). Dr. Carman has authored a large number of publications in prestigious venues, including full papers at SIGIR, KDD, IJCAI, CIKM, WSDM, CoNLL, and ECIR, and articles in TOIS, IR, JMLR, ML, PR, JAIR and IP&M.
作者簡介(中文翻譯)
Aditya Joshi 自 2013 年 1 月以來一直是印度孟買的 IITB-Monash 研究學院的博士生，這是一個由印度理工學院孟買分校（IIT Bombay）和澳大利亞莫納什大學共同運營的博士學位課程。他的主要研究重點是計算諷刺，並探索了捕捉不協調性以檢測和生成諷刺的不同方法。此外，他還在自然語言處理（NLP）的創新應用方面工作，例如印度語言的情感分析、醉酒短信預測、新聞標題翻譯和政治議題提取。這本專著是 Aditya 博士研究的成果。
Pushpak Bhattacharyya 博士是計算語言學協會（ACL）的現任會長（2016-17）。他是印度理工學院巴特那分校（IIT Patna）的主任，以及印度理工學院孟買分校（IIT Bombay）計算機科學與工程系的 Vijay 和 Sita Vashee 椅子教授。他在印度理工學院卡拉格普爾分校（IIT Kharagpur）獲得學士學位（B.Tech）、在印度理工學院坎普爾分校（IIT Kanpur）獲得碩士學位（M.Tech.），並在 IIT Bombay 獲得博士學位（PhD）。
他曾在麻省理工學院（MIT）、斯坦福大學、德克薩斯大學休斯頓分校和法國的約瑟夫·傅里葉大學擔任訪問學者和教職員。Bhattacharyya 教授的研究領域包括自然語言處理、機器學習和人工智慧（AI）。他因其啟發性的教學和指導而受到學生的喜愛，已指導超過 250 名學生（博士、碩士和學士）。他已發表超過 250 篇研究論文，是教科書《機器翻譯》的作者，並主導了國際和國內重要的政府和行業項目。他在該領域的重要貢獻包括多語言詞彙知識庫和投影。Bhattacharyya 教授是國家工程院的院士，並獲得了 IIT Bombay 的 Patwardhan 獎和印度理工學院魯爾基分校（IIT Roorkee）的 VNMM 獎，這兩項獎勵均是為了技術開發。他還獲得了 IBM、Microsoft、Yahoo 和聯合國的教職員獎助金。
Mark J. Carman 博士是澳大利亞莫納什大學信息技術學院的高級講師。他於 2004 年在意大利特倫托大學獲得博士學位。他的研究和興趣涵蓋理論研究（例如，調查信息檢索度量的統計特性）到實際應用（例如，協助警方進行數字取證調查的技術）。Carman 博士在多個知名會議上發表了大量論文，包括 SIGIR、KDD、IJCAI、CIKM、WSDM、CoNLL 和 ECIR 的完整論文，以及 TOIS、IR、JMLR、ML、PR、JAIR 和 IP&M 的文章。
