Handbook of Green Finance: Energy Security and Sustainable Development
暫譯: 綠色金融手冊：能源安全與可持續發展

本手冊以政策導向的方式探討各種金融工具、政策和策略，以資助綠色能源項目。最近，全球對可再生能源和能源效率的投資有所下降，並且有進一步放緩的風險。顯然，化石燃料仍然主導能源投資。這一趨勢可能威脅到滿足能源安全、氣候和清潔空氣目標所需的綠色能源擴展。一些發達和發展中經濟體仍在遵循支持煤炭的能源政策。新建煤電廠所產生的額外二氧化碳可能會超過其他國家所減少的排放量。

金融是基礎設施項目（包括能源項目）發展的引擎。通過提供幾個主題和國家章節，本手冊解釋了如果我們計劃實現可持續發展目標，就需要為新的綠色項目創造機會，並擴大提供環境效益的投資融資。綠色金融的主要組成部分包括綠色債券、綠色銀行、碳市場工具、財政政策、綠色中央銀行、金融科技以及基於社區的綠色基金等新金融工具和政策。

吉野直行（Naoyuki Yoshino）是亞洲開發銀行研究所所長及慶應義塾大學名譽教授。傑佛瑞·薩克斯（Jeffery Sachs）是哥倫比亞大學可持續發展中心主任。吳榮泰（Wing Thye Woo）是加州大學戴維斯分校經濟學教授。法哈德·塔基扎德-赫薩里（Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary）是早稻田大學助理教授。

Jeffrey Sachs serves as Director of the Center for Sustainable Development at Columbia University. He is University Professor at Columbia University, the university's highest academic rank. During 2002 to 2016 he served as the Director of the Earth Institute. Sachs is Special Advisor to United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres on the Sustainable Development Goals, and previously advised UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon on both the Sustainable Development Goals and Millennium Development Goals and UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan on the Millennium Development Goals. Sachs is currently Director of the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network under the auspices of UN Secretary-General António Guterres, and a Commissioner of the ITU/UNESCO Broadband Commission for Development. He is Chair and Founder of SDG USA, a non-governmental initiative to promote the Sustainable Development Goal concepts in the United States. Sachs is also co-founder and Chief Strategist of Millennium Promise Alliance, and was director of the Millennium Villages Project (2005-2015).

Wing Thye Woo is Professor of Economics at University of California in Davis, and Director of Jeffrey Sachs Center on Sustainable Development at Sunway University in Kuala Lumpur. He also holds academic appointments at Fudan University in Shanghai, Columbia University in New York City, Penang Institute in George Town, and Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in Beijing. He is an expert on the East Asian economies, particularly, China, Indonesia and Malaysia. His current research focuses on designing efficient, equitable pathways to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals with projects on Green Finance, Middle Income Trap, and Global Economic Architecture for the Multi-Polar World. He has been convener of the Asian Economic Panel (AEP) since 2001, a forum of specialists on Asian economies which meets tri-annually to discuss important Asian economic issues and publishes the Asian Economic Papers (MIT Press). The University of California at Davis awarded him its Distinguished Scholarly Public Service Award in 2004; the Ministry of Education of China appointed him Chang Jiang Professor in 2006; the Governor of Penang conferred on him the title Dato in 2009; and the Thousand Talents Program of China appointed him a National Distinguished Expert in 2016.

Naoyuki Yoshino is Dean of the Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI), Chief Advisor at the Japan Financial Services Agency's (FSA) Financial Research Center (FSA Institute), and Professor Emeritus of Keio University, Tokyo, Japan. He obtained his PhD from Johns Hopkins University in 1979. His thesis supervisor was Sir Alan Walters, economic adviser to former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher. Dr. Yoshino has been a visiting scholar at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (United States) and a visiting professor at various universities including the University of New South Wales (Australia), Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques (France), and University of Gothenburg (Sweden). He has also been an assistant professor at the State University of New York at Buffalo and an economics professor at Keio University. He was appointed as Chair of the Financial Planning Standards Board in 2007. He has served as Chairperson of the Japanese Ministry of Finance's Council on Foreign Exchange as well as its Fiscal System Council (Fiscal Investment and Loan Program Section). Additionally, he has been a Board Member of the Deposit Insurance Corporation of Japan and President of the Financial System Council of the Government of Japan. He was nominated for inclusion in Who's Who in the World for 2009 and 2013. In recognition of his wide-ranging scholarship and contribution to policy formulation, Dr. Yoshino was conferred honorary doctorates by the University of Gothenburg (Sweden) in 2004 and Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg (Germany) in 2013. He also received the Fukuzawa Award for his contribution to academic research in 2013.

Dr. Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary is an assistant professor of economics at the School of Political Science and Economics, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan, and visiting professor at Keio University in Tokyo. He completed his master's degree in energy economics from Tehran University, Iran, in 2011 and subsequently obtained a Ph.D. in economics from Keio University in 2015 with a scholarship from the government of Japan. He taught as assistant professor at Keio following the completion of his Ph.D. until March 2018. He was also a visiting scholar and visiting professor at several institutions and universities such as the Institute of Energy Economics of Japan (2013-2015); the Credit Risk Database (CRD) association of Japan (2014-2015), and the Graduate School of Economics of The University of Tokyo (2016-2017). Dr. Taghizadeh-Hesary has published on a wide range of topics, including energy economics, green finance, small and medium-sized enterprises finance, monetary policy, and banking. He has guest edited special issues for prestigious SSCI journals including Energy Policy, The Singapore Economic Review and International Review of Economics and Finance. His credits include authoring more than 50 peer-reviewed journal papers and book chapters and the editing of six books.

傑佛瑞·薩克斯擔任哥倫比亞大學可持續發展中心主任。他是哥倫比亞大學的特聘教授，這是該校最高的學術職稱。在2002年至2016年間，他擔任地球研究所的所長。薩克斯是聯合國秘書長安東尼奧·古特雷斯在可持續發展目標方面的特別顧問，並曾就可持續發展目標和千年發展目標向聯合國前秘書長潘基文提供建議，還曾就千年發展目標向聯合國前秘書長科菲·安南提供建議。薩克斯目前是聯合國可持續發展解決方案網絡的主任，該網絡在聯合國秘書長安東尼奧·古特雷斯的支持下運作，並且是國際電信聯盟/聯合國教科文組織發展寬頻委員會的委員。他是SDG USA的主席和創始人，這是一個旨在推廣可持續發展目標概念的非政府倡議。薩克斯還是千年承諾聯盟的共同創始人和首席策略師，並曾擔任千年村計畫的主任（2005-2015）。

吳永泰是加州大學戴維斯分校的經濟學教授，並擔任吉佛瑞·薩克斯可持續發展中心的主任，該中心位於馬來西亞吉隆坡的雙威大學。他還在上海的復旦大學、紐約市的哥倫比亞大學、喬治城的檳城研究所和北京的中國社會科學院擔任學術職位。他是東亞經濟體的專家，特別是中國、印尼和馬來西亞。他目前的研究重點是設計有效且公平的途徑，以實現可持續發展目標，並進行綠色金融、中等收入陷阱和多極世界的全球經濟架構等項目。他自2001年以來一直擔任亞洲經濟小組（AEP）的召集人，該小組是一個專門討論重要亞洲經濟問題的論壇，每年舉行三次會議並出版《亞洲經濟論文》（MIT Press）。加州大學戴維斯分校於2004年授予他傑出學術公共服務獎；中國教育部於2006年任命他為長江學者；檳城州州長於2009年授予他Dato的稱號；中國千人計畫於2016年任命他為國家傑出專家。

吉野直之是亞洲開發銀行研究所（ADBI）的院長，日本金融服務局（FSA）金融研究中心的首席顧問，以及日本東京慶應義塾大學的名譽教授。他於1979年在約翰霍普金斯大學獲得博士學位，論文指導教授是英國前首相瑪格麗特·撒切爾的經濟顧問艾倫·沃爾特斯爵士。吉野博士曾在美國麻省理工學院擔任訪問學者，並在包括澳大利亞新南威爾士大學、法國國立政治學院和瑞典哥德堡大學等多所大學擔任訪問教授。他還曾在紐約州立大學水牛城分校擔任助理教授，並在慶應義塾大學擔任經濟學教授。他於2007年被任命為金融規劃標準委員會的主席。他曾擔任日本財務省外匯委員會及其財政制度委員會（財政投資與貸款計畫部門）的主席。此外，他還曾是日本存款保險公司董事會成員及日本政府金融制度委員會的主席。他在2009年和2013年被提名為《世界名人錄》成員。因其廣泛的學術成就和對政策制定的貢獻，吉野博士於2004年獲得瑞典哥德堡大學的榮譽博士學位，並於2013年獲得德國哈雷-維滕貝格大學的榮譽博士學位。他還於2013年獲得福澤獎，以表彰他對學術研究的貢獻。

法哈德·塔基扎德-赫薩里博士是日本東京早稻田大學政治與經濟學院的助理教授，並在東京的慶應義塾大學擔任訪問教授。他於2011年在伊朗德黑蘭大學獲得能源經濟學碩士學位，隨後於2015年在慶應義塾大學獲得經濟學博士學位，並獲得日本政府的獎學金。他在獲得博士學位後擔任慶應義塾大學的助理教授，直到2018年3月。他還曾在多個機構和大學擔任訪問學者和訪問教授，例如日本能源經濟研究所（2013-2015）、日本信用風險數據庫（CRD）協會（2014-2015）和東京大學經濟學研究所（2016-2017）。塔基扎德-赫薩里博士在能源經濟學、綠色金融、中小企業融資、貨幣政策和銀行等多個主題上發表了廣泛的研究。他曾擔任多本知名SSCI期刊的特刊編輯，包括《能源政策》、《新加坡經濟評論》和《國際經濟與金融評論》。他的學術成就包括發表超過50篇同行評審的期刊論文和書籍章節，以及編輯六本書籍。