Solar and Stellar Dynamos: A New Era

本卷提供了對於當前對於發電機過程的全面概述，這些過程在太陽及其他具有外部對流區的恆星中產生磁場。磁場負責太陽的不安定活動，包括在其11年活動週期中太陽黑子的出現與消失、太陽日冕的加熱，以及驅動大規模質量和能量噴發的力量，這些噴發可能影響近地空間和地球技術系統。同樣，其他恆星也顯示出這種活動，往往比其太陽對應物更具能量。

本卷收錄的綜述論文由該研究領域的專家撰寫。這些論文介紹了有關太陽和恆星磁場的觀測結果，並詳細呈現了自激發電機過程的理論概念和模型，以及導致太陽和其他恆星表面磁場出現、結構和演化的基本流動模式。全面且現實的數值模擬已成為理解恆星內部湍流過程以及測試分析方法和簡化模型的不可或缺的工具。

尋求對這一動態研究領域的全面且最新的報導的讀者，將會發現這是一個極具價值的綜述集；既可作為該領域新手的入門，也可作為活躍研究者的及時彙編。

本書是期刊《太空科學評論》專題集「太陽與恆星發電機：新時代」的衍生作品。

Manfred Schüssler

Manfred Schüssler worked at the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS) as a Research Group Leader. Since his retirement in 2016 he is a guest scientist at MPS. His main research interests are the structure and dynamics of solar magnetic fields and dynamo theory of the solar cycle. His research methods are numerical simulations and analytical calculations, often with an emphasis on interpreting and understanding observational results. He was also involved in the preparation and realization of the "Sunrise" stratospheric balloon observatory. Manfred Schüssler authored and co-authored over 180 research papers in refereed journals and more than 40 review papers.

Robert H. Cameron

Robert Cameron studies how magnetic fields, plasma and radiation interact on the Sun and other stars. In particular, he is interested in how the magnetic field is generated and its role coupling the lower layers of stellar atmospheres. To these ends he uses numerical models and theory, but with a particular emphasis on understanding the observations.

Paul Charbonneau

Paul Charbonneau is professor of Physics at the Université de Montréal (Canada) since 2002. During the preceding decade he was a member of scientic staff of the National Center for Atmospheric Research's High Altitude Observatory, in Boulder (Colorado, U.S.A.). His research is primarily in the areas of computational physics and numerical simulations, focusing on magnetohydrodynamics, the dynamo mechanism underlying solar and stellar magnetic cycles, and the prediction of solar flares. He also pursues other research interests, notably in the intersection of physics and biology, the emergence of complexity in natural systems, including questions related the origin of life. He has authored or co-authored over 150 research articles, review articles, and book chapters, and is the authors of two research monographs/textbooks entitled Solar and Stellar Dynamos (2013, Springer) and Natural Complexity (2017, Princeton University Press)

Mausumi Dikpati

Mausumi Dikpati, currently a senior scientist at HAO, came to NSF-NCAR in 1996 as an ASP Postdoc, after receiving her PhD in physics from the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore, India. She has since continued her career at NSF-NCAR. Mausumi's primary research area has been global magnetohydrodynamics of the Sun, to simulate solar variability on time scales from a few days to several months, up to a decade, with recent focus on solar MHD Rossby waves, their implications for pre-solar-storm activity-patterns, and for predicting the "stormy seasons" of space weather. Her activities in the application of modern data assimilation methods to solar models, using the NCAR-DART framework in collaboration with CISL, have enabled her to win several large research grants. She won John Firor HAO Outstanding Publication award in 2007 for solar cycle prediction research and the Wenner-Gren guest professorship award from Stockholm in 2016. Her research on the extended minimum at the end of solar cycle 23 was recognized as one of the top 100 science-discoveries in 2011 by Discover Magazine. Mausumi has also been active in education and outreach as well as in various community services; she is currently serving on "Solar & Heliospheric Decadal Panel'' of the US National Academy.

Hideyuki Hotta

Hideyuki Hotta is currently a Professor at the Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research at Nagoya University. He earned his Ph.D. in science from the University of Tokyo, Japan, in 2014. Then, he worked at High Altitude Observatory, USA, and got a tenure track position at Chiba University, Japan, in 2015. Since 2023, he has been working at Nagoya University as a professor, where he has been since that time. His research interests are solar and stellar turbulence and magnetic fields. He mainly carries out numerical simulations with high-performance computing.

Leonid Kitchatinov

Leonid Kitchatinov received his Ph.D. from the Ioffe Institute of Physics and Technology, St. Petersburg. He is a specialist in stellar MHD and dynamo theory. He is permanently affiliated to the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Irkutsk, and in parallel to the Pulkovo Astronomical Observatory, St. Petersburg. He has worked repeatedly at the Leibnitz Institute for Astrophysics, Potsdam, supported by either the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation or the Deuthsche Forshungsgemeinshaft. He has also spend a year as a research fellow at the University of St. Andrews, UK.

**Manfred Schüssler**

Manfred Schüssler 曾在馬克斯·普朗克太陽系研究所 (MPS) 擔任研究小組負責人。自2016年退休以來，他成為MPS的客座科學家。他的主要研究興趣包括太陽磁場的結構與動力學以及太陽週期的發電機理。他的研究方法包括數值模擬和分析計算，通常強調對觀測結果的解釋和理解。他還參與了「Sunrise」平流層氣球觀測站的準備和實現。Manfred Schüssler 已在同行評審的期刊上發表和共同發表超過180篇研究論文，以及40多篇綜述文章。

**Robert H. Cameron**

Robert Cameron 研究磁場、等離子體和輻射在太陽及其他恆星上的相互作用。特別是，他對磁場的生成及其在恆星大氣下層的耦合角色感興趣。為此，他使用數值模型和理論，但特別強調對觀測結果的理解。

**Paul Charbonneau**

Paul Charbonneau 自2002年以來擔任加拿大蒙特利爾大學的物理學教授。在此之前的十年，他是美國國家大氣研究中心高空觀測站的科學人員。他的研究主要集中在計算物理和數值模擬領域，專注於磁流體力學、太陽和恆星磁週期的發電機制以及太陽耀斑的預測。他還追求其他研究興趣，特別是在物理學與生物學的交集、自然系統中複雜性的出現，包括與生命起源相關的問題。他已發表或共同發表超過150篇研究文章、綜述文章和書籍章節，並著有兩本研究專著/教科書，分別為《Solar and Stellar Dynamos》（2013年，Springer）和《Natural Complexity》（2017年，普林斯頓大學出版社）。

**Mausumi Dikpati**

Mausumi Dikpati 目前是HAO的高級科學家，於1996年作為ASP博士後來到NSF-NCAR，並在印度班加羅爾的印度科學研究所獲得物理學博士學位後，繼續在NSF-NCAR發展她的職業生涯。Mausumi的主要研究領域是太陽的全球磁流體力學，模擬從幾天到幾個月，甚至十年的太陽變化，最近專注於太陽MHD Rossby波及其對預測太陽風暴活動模式和「風暴季節」的影響。她在將現代數據同化方法應用於太陽模型方面的活動，利用NCAR-DART框架與CISL合作，使她贏得了幾個大型研究獎助金。她於2007年因太陽週期預測研究獲得John Firor HAO傑出出版獎，並於2016年獲得來自斯德哥爾摩的Wenner-Gren客座教授獎。她對太陽週期23結束時的延長最小值的研究在2011年被《Discover Magazine》評選為100大科學發現之一。Mausumi在教育和宣傳以及各種社區服務方面也非常活躍；她目前在美國國家科學院的「太陽與日冕十年計畫小組」任職。

**Hideyuki Hotta**

Hideyuki Hotta 目前是名古屋大學太空-地球環境研究所的教授。他於2014年在日本東京大學獲得科學博士學位。隨後，他在美國高空觀測站工作，並於2015年在日本千葉大學獲得終身教職。自2023年以來，他一直在名古屋大學擔任教授，並持續在此工作。他的研究興趣包括太陽和恆星的湍流及磁場。