Python編程與問題求解 Python编程与问题求解(国外计算机科学经典教材)

E Balagumsamy現在是印度哥印拜陀市EBG基金會的主席。
過去他還出任過新德里公用事業委員會成員以及泰米爾納德邦欽奈的安娜大學副校長。

他是信息技術與管理領域的教師、培訓師以及顧問。
他擁有北阿坎德邦魯爾基的印度技術學院頒發的電子工程榮譽學位以及系統工程博士學位。
他感興趣的研究領域包括面向對象的軟件工程、電子政務(科技化管理)、商業流程重建以及總體質量管理。

第1章電子計算機簡介·························1 

1.1簡介··············· ·································1 

1.2馮·諾依曼理念········· ···················3 
1.2.1計算機的簡單模型·····················4 
1.2 .2電子計算機的組成·····················4 

1.3存儲器···················· ························6 
1.3.1主存儲器···················· ·················7 
1.3.2輔助存儲器··························· ······8 
1.3.3寄存器······································· ··9 

1.4編程語言······································10 
1.4.1高級語言································ ·11 
1.4.2彙編語言··································11 
1.4.3機器語言··· ·······························11

1.5翻譯器··········································12 
1.5.1編譯器······································12 
1.5.2彙編器····· ·································12 
1.5.3解釋器··········· ···························12 

1.6硬件和軟件·················· ················13 
1.6.1硬件····························· ·············13 
1.6.2軟件································ ··········13 

1.7操作系統···································· ··14 

1.8本章要點······································15 

1.9關鍵術語·· ····································16 

1.10複習題·········· ······························17 

第2章解決問題的策略············ ············21 

2.1分析問題·································· ····21 
2.1.1問題的正式定義······················21
2.1.2解決問題的方法論··················22 

2.2算法······················ ························22 

2.3流程圖······················ ····················24 

2.4算法以及流程圖示例··················28 

2.5本章要點· ·····································33 

2.6關鍵術語········· ·····························33 

2.7複習題················· ·························34 

 第3章Python入門··················· ··········37 

3.1引言····································· ·········37 
3.2 Python概述···································37 
3.3啟動Python的三種不同方式·······38 
3.4註釋········ ······································43 
3.5 Python標識符······· ························43 
3.6保留關鍵字····················· ·············44
3.7變量··············································44 
3.7 .1聲明變量··································44 
3.7.2初始化變量······ ························44 

3.8標準的數據類型···················· ······46 
3.8.1數字型······································ 46 
3.8.2字符串······································47 
3.8.3列表· ·········································48 
3.8.4元組··· ·······································49 
3.8.5字典······ ····································50 
3.8.6布爾型········ ······························50 
3.8.7集合··············· ····· ······················50 

3.9運算符························ ··················52 
3.9.1算術運算符························· ·····53
3.9.2比較運算符······························54 
3.9.3賦值運算符······· ·······················55 
3.9.4位運算符···················· ··············56 
3.9.5邏輯運算符····························· ·58 
3.9.6隸屬運算符······························58 
3.9.7恆等運算符···· ··························59 
3.9.8運算符優先級················ ··········60 
3.9.9結合性·································· ····61 

3.10語句與表達式····························63 
3.10.1語句······· ·································63 
3.10.2表達式··········· ·························63 

3.11字符串運算········ ·······················64 
3.11.1連接運算····················· ············65 
3.11.2重複運算································ ·65
3.11.3獲取具體字符·························65 
3.11.4分片············· ····························65 

3.12布爾表達式················· ···············67 

3.13控制語句······························· ·····67 
3.13.1 for循環····································67 
3.13. 2 while語句·······························70 
3.13.3 if elif else語句········ ···············72 
3.13.4選擇執行····························· ···73 
3.13.5條件執行································73 

3.14迭代—— while語句·· ···············74 

3.15從鍵盤獲取輸入························76 
3.15.1 input ()函數·························· ···76 
3.15.2 raw_input()函數······················77 

3.16本章要點············· ·······················77

3.17關鍵術語····································79 

3.18複習題······· ·································79 

第4章函數············ ······························85 

4.1簡介················· ·····························85 

4.2內置函數················· ·····················85 
4.2.1類型轉換······················· ···········86 
4.2.2強制類型轉換··························87 
4.2.3數學函數··································88 
4.2.4日期和時間········· ·····················89 
4.2.5 dir()函數····················· ··············90 
4.2.6 help()函數··························· ·····91 

4.3複合函數······································91 

4.4用戶自定義函數··························92 

4.5參數·················· ····························95

4.6函數的調用··································99 

4.7 return語句········ ···························100 

4.8 Python的遞歸函數················· ····101 

4.9匿名函數····································101 

4.10編寫Python腳本· ······················103 

4.11本章要點························ ··········105 

4.12關鍵術語··································106 

4.13複習題······································107 

第5章字符串和列表·· ······················· 115 

5.1字符串······················· ·················115 
5.1.1混合數據類型························116 
5.1 .2 len函數················· ··················117 
5.1.3字符串切片························· ···118 
5.1.4字符串是不可變的················119
5.1.5字符串遍歷····························120 
5.1.6轉義字符········· ·······················122 
5.1.7字符串格式化操作符············123 
5.1.8字符串格式化函數················124 

5.2列表··························· ·················127 
5.2.1值和訪問元素························127 
5.2.2列表是可變的·······················129 
5.2.3列表的遍歷············ ················131 
5.2.4刪除列表中的元素················132 
5.2.5內置的list操作符····················133 
5.2.6 list內置方法······················· ·····134 

5.3本章要點····································136 

5.4關鍵術語· ················ ···················137 

5.5複習題··························· ·············137 

第6章元組和字典····························· 151

6.1元組············································151 
6.1. 1創建元組································151 
6.1.2訪問元組中的元素···· ············152 
6.1.3元組是不可變的····················154 
6.1.4元組賦值· ·······························154 
6.1.5元組作為返回值·········· ··········156 
6.1.6變長元組參數························157 

6.1.7基本的元組操作····················158 

6.1.8內置的元組函數··················· ·160 

6.2字典············································162 
6.2 .1創建字典································162 
6.2.2訪問字典中的值····· ···············163 
6.2.3更新字典····· ···························164 
6.2.4刪除字典中的元素·············· ··165 
6.2.5字典鍵的屬性························166
6.2.6字典操作································167 
6.2.7內置的字典方法····· ···············168 

6.3本章要點······························· ·····169 

6.4關鍵術語····································170 

6.5複習題· ·······································171 

第7章文件和異常···· ·························183 

7.1文本文件····················· ···············183 
7.1.1打開文件····························· ···183 
7.1.2關閉文件································185 
7.1.3 file對象屬性·· ·························186 
7.1.4寫文件··················· ·················187 
7.1.5讀取文件········ ························188 
7.1.6文件的重命名·················· ······190 
7.1.7刪除文件································190
7.1.8操作文件的方法····················191 

7.2目錄···················· ························192 

7.2.1 mkdir()方法·················· ··········192 
7.2.2 chdir()方法······························193 
7.2 .3 getcwd()方法··························193 
7.2.4 rmdir()方法·········· ···················193 

7.3異常···························· ················195 
7.3.1內置異常···························· ····195 
7.3.2異常處理································196 

7.4帶有參數的異常· ·······················200 

7.5用戶自定義異常····················· ···201 

7.6關鍵術語··························· ·········203 

7.7複習題····································· ···204 

第8章類和對象································215 

8.1面向對象概述

    (面向對象編程) ··························215 

8.1.1數據封裝············· ···················216 
8.1.2多態························· ···············216 

8.2類定義······························· ·········217 

8.3創建對象····································218 

8.4對像作為參數····························221 

8.5對像作為返回值············ ············222 

8.6內置的類屬性····························223 

8.7繼承· ···········································225 

8.8方法重寫·· ··································228 

8.9數據封裝············ ························229 

8.10數據隱 ··································230 

8.11本章要點············ ······················232 

8.12關鍵術語························ ··········233

8.13複習題······································234 

附錄A使用算法和流程圖進行練習···243 

附錄B使用算法和偽代碼

解決問題的練習題··················297 

附錄C基本標準庫模塊········ ·············321