Constantin Carathodory: Mathematics and Politics in Turbulent Times

1 Origin and Formative Years.- 1.1 From Chios to Livorno and Marseille.- 1.2 The Carathèodorys in the Ottoman Empire.- 1.3 Stephanos Carathéodory, the Father.- 1.4 Early Years in Belgium.- 1.5 The Graeco-Turkish War of 1897.- 1.6 With the British Colonial Service in Egypt.- 1.7 Studies in Berlin.- 1.8 The German University.- 1.9 Friends in Göttingen.- 1.10 Connections with Klein and Hilbert.- 1.11 Doctorate: Discontinuous Solutions in the Calculus of Variations.- 1.12 The Third International Congress of Mathematicians.- 1.13 A Visit to Edinburgh.- 1.14 Habilitation in Göttingen.- 1.15 Lecturer in Göttingen.- Chapterchapter 2 Academic Career in Germany.- 2.1 Habilitation (again) in Bonn.- 2.2 Axiomatic Foundation of Thermodynamics.- 2.3 Marriage, a Family Affair.- 2.4 First Professorship in Hannover.- 2.5 Professor at the Royal Technical University of Breslau.- 2.6 Theory of Functions.- 2.6.1 The Picard Theorem.- 2.6.2 Coefficient Problems.- 2.6.3 The Schwarz Lemma.- 2.6.4 Conformal Mapping.- 2.6.4.1 Existence Theorems.- 2.6.4.2 Variable Domains.- 2.6.4.3 Mapping of the Boundary.- 2.6.5 Normal Families.- 2.6.6 Functions of Several Variables.- 2.7 Elementary Radiation Theory.- 2.8 Venizelos Calls Carathéodory to Greece.- 2.9 Carathéodory Succeeds Klein in Göttingen.- 2.10 On the Editorial Board of the Mathematische Annalen.- 2.11 War.- 2.12 Famine.- 2.13 Insipid Mathematics.- 2.14 "German Science and its Importance".- 2.15 Einstein Contacts Carathéodory.- 2.16 The Theory of Relativity in its Historical Context.- 2.17 Functions of Real Variables.- 2.17.1 Theory of Measure.- 2.17.2 One-to-One Mapping.- 2.17.3 Carathéodory's Books on Real Functions.- 2.17.4 The Book on Algebraic Theory of Measure and Integration.- 2.17.5 Correspondence with Radó on Area Theory.- 2.18 Doctoral Students in Göttingen.- 2.19 Succeeded by Erich Hecke in Göttingen.- 2.20 Professor in Berlin.- 2.21 Geometry.- 2.22 Supervision of Students.- 2.23 Applied Mathematics as a Consequence of War.- 2.24 Collapse of Former Politics.- 2.25 Member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences.- 2.26 Supporting Brouwer's Candidacy.- 2.27 Carathéodory's Successor in Berlin.- 2.28 The "Nelson Affair".- 3 The Asia-Minor Project.- 3.1 Preliminaries to the Greek National Adventure.- 3.2 The Greek Landing in Smyrna and the Peace Treaty of Sèvres.- 3.3 Smyrna, a Cosmopolitan City.- 3.4 "Projet d'une nouvelle Université en Grèce".- 3.5 Founding the Ionian University.- 3.6 The High Commissioner's Decree.- 3.7 The Development of the Ionian University.- 3.8 "A Castle in the Air".- 3.9 The Asia-Minor Disaster and the End of the Ionian University.- 3.10 Fleeing from Smyrna to Athens.- 3.11 Professor in Athens.- 3.12 The Lausanne Treaty: Defeat of the Great Idea.- 3.13 The Refugees.- 3.14 Carathéodory';s Report to Henry Morgenthau.- 3.15 In the Hope of Venizelos's Return.- 4 A Scholar of World Reputation.- 4.1 Appointment to Munich University.- 4.2 Life in Munich.- 4.3 Planning an Institute of Physics at Athens University with Millikan.- 4.4 Reichenbach and the Berlin Circle.- 4.5 Suggestions to Hilbert on Quantum Mechanics.- 4.6 Calculus of Variations.- 4.6.1 General Theory.- 4.6.2 Multiple Integrals.- 4.6.3 Carathéodory's Book on the Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations.- 4.6.4 Control Theory, Dynamic Programming and Pontryagin's Principle.- 4.6.5 Viscosity Solutions to Hamilton-Jacobi PDEs.- 4.7 Member of the Academy of Athens.- 4.8 Caring for Munich's Scientific Life.- 4.9 First Visiting Lecturer of the American Mathematical Society.- 4.10 Hindered by the Bavarian Ministry of Finances.- 4.11 At the University of Pennsylvania.- 4.12 At Harvard.- 4.13 At Princeton.- 4.14 An "Excellent Man" but not to be Appointed.- 4.15 The "Bochner Case".- 4.16 At Austin and San Antonio.- 4.17 Impressions of America.- 4.18 "A Great Catch" Appointment to a Full Professorship of Mathematics at Stanford University.- 4.19 Carathéodory Negotiates to Remain in Munich.-