Total Absorption Technique for Nuclear Structure and Applications

提供了對於β衰變研究的總吸附技術的首次詳細描述
涵蓋了β衰變研究的各種應用
是研究生和研究人員的優秀入門書籍

Dr. Alejandro Algora has been working since 1990 in the field of nuclear physics. He received his PhD from the Kossuth Lajos University in Debrecen (Hungary), where he also did his university studies. He has worked at the Institute of Nuclear Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Debrecen, Hungary, at the Laboratory Nazionale de Legnaro, Legnaro, Italy, and at the Instituto de Física Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. Dr. Algora is an expert in a variety of aspects in nuclear spectroscopy. He has also worked in theoretical models of atomic nuclei. He has applied his knowledge to tackle a number of problems in nuclear structure and practical applications to nuclear power. He has published extensively in the major international journals of nuclear physics and he is regularly invited to deliver talks about his work at international conferences and workshops. He has acted as spokesperson and has led many experiments at major facilities around the World. Dr. Algora has also been a member of international committees in a variety of different countries. His current interests are focused in beta decay studies of very exotic nuclei, their importance in explosive nuclear processes in stars, their impact on practical applications related to the operation of nuclear reactors, the handling of nuclear waste and the prediction of the antineutrino spectrum from reactors.

Berta Rubio is affiliated with the CSIC (Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas) and the Instituto Física Corpuscular (IFIC) in Valencia, Spain. After a brief spell as a researcher in Granada she then moved to IFIC where she founded the Gamma Ray Spectroscopy work together with Jose-Luis Taín. Her research interests are firmly rooted in spectroscopy. Her experiments have involved studies of both radioactive decays and nuclear reactions and they have a focus on measurements that provide clear tests of the predictions of nuclear models and theories. She has been spokesperson for and has led many experiments at laboratories around the World. She has a number of current interests. Beta Decay and Charge Exchange are complementary processes even although they are mediated by the weak and strong interactions respectively. She has used this to pursue a number of interesting problems in N Z nuclei relating to isospin. She also works on radioactive decays of exotic nuclei close to the limit that can be studied at present. She has been prominent in Spain in advocating strong involvement in the new generation of radioactive beam facilities under construction around the world. She has played a strong role in helping to build the programme of the Future FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) under construction in Darmstadt. She has published extensively in leading journals and has given many invited talks at International Conferences, Workshops and Schools.

Jose Luis Taín studied as an undergraduate at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain before received his Ph.D. at Granada, Spain on the basis of research in Nuclear Physics at KFA, Julich in Germany. He was a research assistant at Julich before becoming an Assistant Professor at Granada. He then became a tenured scientist working for the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) in the Instituto Fisica Corpuscular (IFIC) in Valencia, where he has worked ever since. At IFIC he started the Gamma Ray Spectroscopy group together with Berta Rubio. His research interests have spanned a wide range of topics in low energy nuclear physics. In recent years he has concentrated his efforts on the study of beta decays far from the line of nuclear stability using total absorption gamma ray spectrometers and neutron detectors. The topics studies lie in the fields of nuclear structure (evolution of shell structure), nuclear technology (reactor decay heat and delayed neutron fractions of importance in reactors), astrophysics (s- and r-process) and fundamental physics (reactor antineutrino spectrum). He has contributed to a variety of committees devoted to the development of equipment for the new accelerator facilities under construction in Europe. He has published some 260 articles of which 150 are in international refereed journals. He has also made a large contribution to the National Postgraduate School for nuclear physics in Spain.

William Gelletly is an Emeritus Professor of Physics at the University of Surrey, U.K. He has worked at Edinburgh University, Chalk River Nuclear laboratory in Canada, Brookhaven National Laboratory, U.S.A, Manchester University and Daresbury Laboratory, U.K. as well as the University of Surrey. At Daresbury he was Head of the Nuclear Structure facility for five years. From there he moved to Surrey where he was first Head of the Physics department, then Head of the School of Physics and Chemistry. His main research interests have been in studies of nuclear structure involving reactions induced by neutrons, light and heavy ions. This is complemented by experiments on the radioactive decay of exotic nuclei. In addition, he has maintained a keen interest in atomic physics, particularly processes involving the interaction of atomic electrons with the nucleus. Measurements of the antineutrino spectra from the main components of nuclear reactor fuel have also been part of his research activity. He has served on a wide range of advisory committees in the UK and other countries, as well as the EU. For eight years he served on the Board of the Health Protection Agency in England and Wales where he chaired its technical sub-committee on Chemical radiation and environmental hazards. In recent years he has advocated the building of accelerator facilities for the production of beams of radioactive nuclei, particularly in the U.K.

阿萊漢德羅·阿爾戈拉博士自1990年以來一直在核物理領域工作。他在匈牙利德布勒森的科蘇特·拉約什大學獲得博士學位，並在該校完成大學學業。他曾在匈牙利科學院核研究所、意大利萊尼亞羅的國家實驗室以及西班牙瓦倫西亞的粒子物理研究所工作。阿爾戈拉博士在核光譜學的多個方面具有專業知識。他還研究了原子核的理論模型，並將其知識應用於解決核結構和核能實際應用中的多個問題。他在主要的國際核物理期刊上發表了大量論文，並定期受邀在國際會議和研討會上發表有關其工作的演講。他曾擔任發言人，並在全球主要設施中領導多項實驗。阿爾戈拉博士還曾是多個國家的國際委員會成員。他目前的研究興趣集中在非常特殊核的β衰變研究上，這些核在恆星的爆炸性核過程中具有重要性，並對核反應堆的運行、核廢料處理以及從反應堆預測反中微子譜產生影響。

貝爾塔·魯比奧與西班牙瓦倫西亞的CSIC（高級科學研究委員會）和粒子物理研究所（IFIC）有關聯。在格拉納達短暫擔任研究員後，她轉到IFIC，與何塞·路易斯·泰因共同創立了伽馬射線光譜學工作組。她的研究興趣根植於光譜學。她的實驗涉及放射性衰變和核反應的研究，重點在於提供明確測試核模型和理論預測的測量。她曾擔任多項實驗的發言人，並在全球各地的實驗室中領導多項實驗。她目前有多個研究興趣。β衰變和電荷交換是互補過程，儘管它們分別由弱相互作用和強相互作用介導。她利用這一點追求與同位旋相關的N Z核中的多個有趣問題。她還研究接近目前可研究極限的特殊核的放射性衰變。她在西班牙積極倡導強烈參與全球正在建設的新一代放射性束設施。她在幫助建立位於達姆施塔特的未來FAIR（反質子和離子研究設施）計劃中發揮了重要作用。她在領先的期刊上發表了大量論文，並在國際會議、研討會和學校上發表了許多受邀演講。

何塞·路易斯·泰因在西班牙馬德里的康普頓斯大學完成本科學業，隨後在西班牙格拉納達獲得博士學位，研究主題為在德國尤利希的核物理研究。他曾在尤利希擔任研究助理，然後成為格拉納達的助理教授。隨後，他成為在瓦倫西亞的高級科學研究委員會（CSIC）粒子物理研究所（IFIC）工作的終身科學家，並一直在此工作。在IFIC，他與貝爾塔·魯比奧共同創立了伽馬射線光譜學小組。他的研究興趣涵蓋低能核物理的廣泛主題。近年來，他將精力集中在使用全吸收伽馬射線光譜儀和中子探測器研究遠離核穩定線的β衰變上。研究主題涉及核結構（殼層結構的演變）、核技術（反應堆衰變熱和在反應堆中重要的延遲中子分數）、天體物理學（s-和r-過程）以及基本物理學（反應堆反中微子譜）。