PacketCable Implementation (Hardcover)
暫譯: PacketCable 實作 (精裝版)

Description

PacketCable Implementation

 

Design, provision, configure, manage, and secure tomorrow's high-value PacketCable networks

 

Jeff Riddel, CCIE® No. 12798

 

PacketCable networks use IP technology to enable a wide range of multimedia services, from IP telephony to interactive gaming and beyond. Because PacketCable-based business and residential services are central to the cable industry's strategy for growth, the industry's need for PacketCable expertise is expected to increase dramatically.

 

PacketCable Implementation is the first complete primer on PacketCable network design, provisioning, configuration, management, and security. Drawing on consulting experience with every leading cable operator, Jeff Riddel presents real-world case studies, sample network designs, configurations, and practical tips for all facets of PacketCable planning and deployment.

 

This book's end-to-end coverage has been designed for cable engineers and networking professionals with widely diverse backgrounds and experience. Topics covered include PacketCable specifications and functional components, multimedia terminal adapters (MTA) provisioning, call signaling, media streaming, quality of service (QoS), event messaging, security, and much more. Every chapter contains tables and charts that serve as quick, easy references to key points. Each chapter closes with a summary and chapter review questions designed to help you assess and deepen your understanding.

 

PacketCable Implementation brings together everything you need to know about cable networking to service delivery.

 

Jeff Riddel, CCIE® No. 12798, is a network consulting engineer on the Cisco® Broadband Advanced Services team. There, he has consulted with all major U.S. MSOs, including Charter Communications, Comcast, AT&T, and Time Warner Cable. Riddel has represented Cisco in PacketCable interoperability testing at CableLabs in Louisville, Colorado. He holds a master's in electrical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology.

 

• Discover the PacketCable "big picture," including key application opportunities

• Learn about the latest generation of PacketCable standards and specifications, including PacketCable 2.0 and DOCSIS 3.0
• Understand the functional components of a PacketCable network and how they fit together

• Walk step-by-step through provisioning, including protocols, flows, and MTA configuration

• Gain an in-depth understanding of call signaling: message formats, Network-based Call Signaling (NCS), PSTN interconnects, Call Management Server Signaling (CMSS), and more
• Implement efficient, high-performance media streaming

• Deploy, analyze, manage, and troubleshoot a state-of-the-art QoS framework
• Manage crucial network considerations, including lawful intercept

 

This book is part of the Networking Technology Series from Cisco Press®, which offers networking professionals valuable information for constructing efficient networks, understanding new technologies, and building successful careers.

 

 

Table of Contents 

Introduction

Part I Introduction and Overview of PacketCable

Chapter 1PacketCable Overview

PacketCable Motivation

Understanding the PacketCable Big Picture

Standards

    IETF RFCs

    ANSI/Telcordia, ITU, and Other Specifications

    DOCSIS Specifications

    PacketCable Specifications

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Chapter 2 PacketCable Functional Components

Multimedia Terminal Adapter (MTA)

    Overview of the CM2P2B

    Overview of the CG2P2WB

Cable Modem (CM)

Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS)

    Cisco CMTS Products

Call Agent

    Call Management Server (CMS)

    Gate Controller (GC)

    Media Gateway Controller (MGC)

    Announcement Controller (ANC)

    Overview of the BTS 10200 Softswitch

Signaling Gateway (SG)

    Overview of the ITP Signaling Gateway

Media Gateway (MG)

    Overview of the MGX 8000 Series

    Overview of the AS5000 Series

OSS/BSS BackOffice Components

    Overview of BAC

Regional Distribution Unit (RDU)

    Revisiting the Cisco BTS 10200

    Record Keeping Server (RKS)

    Lawful Intercept

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Part II MTA Provisioning

Chapter 3 Provisioning Overview

Provisioning Overview

Provisioning Protocols

    DHCP

    DNS

    TFTP

    HTTP

    Time-of-Day (ToD) Protocol

    System Logging (syslog)

    SNMP

    Kerberos

CMTS Configuration

    BAC Configuration

    CNR Configuration

    RDU Configuration

    DPE Configuration

    KDC Configuration

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Chapter 4 Provisioning Flows

DOCSIS Cable Modem Provisioning

    Scanning and Downstream Synchronization

    Obtaining Upstream Parameters

    Ranging

    IP Connectivity Establishment

    Time of Day Establishment

    Transfer of Configuration Information

    Registration

    Baseline Privacy Initialization

PacketCable MTA Provisioning

    The Secure Method

The Basic Method

The Hybrid Method

MTA to CMS Initialization

MTA to CMS Communication Loss

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Chapter 5 The MTA Configuration File

Cisco Broadband Configurator

    Using the CBC GUI

    Using the CBC CLI

MTA Configuration File Format

    Device-Level Configuration Data

    Device-Level Service Data

    Per-Endpoint Configuration Data

    Per-Realm Configuration Data

    Per-CMS Configuration Data

Notification Receivers

BAC Configuration File Capabilities

    Using Templates

    Configuration File Utility

MTA Configuration After Initialization

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Part III Call Signaling

Chapter 6 Signaling Interfaces and MGCP Overview

Device Relationship

Endpoints and Connections

MGCP Message Format

MGCP Commands

    Verbs

    Transaction IDs

    Endpoint Name

    Protocol Version

    MGCP Parameters

    MGCP Commands Not Directly Related to Call Control

    Packages, Events, and Signals

    Making Calls and Call Control Commands

MGCP Responses

    Response Codes and Reason Codes

Additional MGCP Information

SDP Protocol Overview

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Chapter 7 NCS (Network-based Call Signaling)

NCS Variations from MGCP

    Command Header Format

    Endpoint Naming Convention

    Packages, Events, and Signals

    Local Connection Option Parameters for CODECs and Packetization

    Local Connection Option Parameters for DQoS

    Local Connection Option Parameters for Security

    SDP Attributes

    Other Notable Changes

Examining Call Flows

    Basic ONNET Call

    Feature Calls

Configuring the BTS 10200

    Basic or Core Configuration Tasks

    Dial Plan Configuration Tasks

    MTA Configuration Tasks

    Call Feature Configuration Tasks

Troubleshooting Tips

    General BTS Troubleshooting Tips

    Troubleshooting an MTA Not In Service

    DNS Issues

    No Dial Tone or Ring Tone

    No Ring Back Tone

    No Voice Path and One Way Voice

    DQoS Not Established or DQoS Information Missing

    Large Post Dial Delay Issues

    Parameter Negotiation Problems

    SDP Problems

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Chapter 8 TGCP and the PSTN Interconnect

PSTN Call Signaling Overview

SS7 Overview

    Links, Linksets, and Routes

    The MTP Layers

    The SCCP and TCAP Layers

    The ISUP Layer

    Signaling Gateway Overview and Sigtran

CAS Overview

TGCP Overview

TGCP Variations from MGCP

    Command Header Format

    TGCP Endpoint Naming Convention

    Packages, Events, and Signals

    Local Connection Option Parameters for CODECs and Packetization

    Local Connection Option Parameters for Security

    Local Connection Option Parameters for Lawful Intercept

    SDP Attributes

    Other Notable Changes

Examining Call Flows

    Basic ONNET-to-OFFNET Call Flow

    Basic OFFNET-to-ONNET Call Flow

    Emergency 911 Call Flow

COT Testing

Component Configuration

    Signaling Gateway Configuration

BTS 10200 Configuration

    SS7 and Signaling Gateway Configuration Tasks

    TCAP Configuration Tasks

    Trunking Media Gateway Configuration Tasks

    Dial Plan Configuration Tasks for OFFNET Call Routing

    Configuring a Trunking Media Gateway

Troubleshooting Tips

    Troubleshooting the Cisco ITP

    Troubleshooting the Cisco BTS 10200

    Troubleshooting the Cisco VXSM and VISM Media Gateways

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Chapter 9 Call Management Server Signaling Protocol (CMSS)

SIP Overview

    CMSS/SIP in a PacketCable Network

    SIP RFCs

    SIP User Agents and Sessions

    SIP Proxy Servers

    SIP Security

SIP Protocol Format

    Start Line

    Message Header

    Message Body

Examining Call Flows

    Basic Call

    Error Traces

CMSS Extensions of SIP

    DQoS Extensions

    Privacy Extensions

    Extensions to Pass Additional Information

    Other Extensions

    Other Modifications

CMSS Timers

CMSS Call Flow

Configuring SIP and CMSS on the BTS 10200

    Step 1: Configuring the SIP/CMSS Characteristics

    Step 2: Configuring the SIP/CMSS Trunk Group

    Step 3: Putting the Trunk Group into Service

    Step 4: Defining Routes for Trunk Groups

    Step 5: Defining Destinations

    Step 6: Defining the Dial Plan

Troubleshooting Tips

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Part IV Media Stream

Chapter 10 Audio CODECs

How CODECs Work

PacketCable CODECs

    G.711

    G.728

    G.729E

    iLBC

    BV16

    Wideband CODECs

    CODEC Negotiation

CODEC Metrics

    Voice Clarity

    Delay

    Echo

Voice Path Problems

    No Voice and One-way Voice

    Garbled Voice

    Other Voice Problems

DTMF Digit Transport

Voice Band Data (VBD) Transport

    Analog Modem Transport

    Facsimile Transport

    Teletype Technology Transport

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Chapter 11 RTP and RTCP

RTP Protocol Stack

RTP Message Format

    Payloads and Payload Types

    Sequence Number

    Timestamp

    Synchronization Source (SSRC)

RTP Packet Trace Analysis

Packet Size Comparison

Silence Suppression (also Known as VAD)

DTMF Relay

Fax Relay (T.38)

RTCP Overview

RTCP Message Format

Component Configuration and Troubleshooting

    The Cisco CMS: BTS 10200

    The Cisco MG: VXSM

    The Cisco MG: VISM

    MTA Configuration File

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Part V Quality of Service

Chapter 12 DQoS Architecture and Framework

DQoS Overview

Gates

Gate States

COPS Protocol

    COPS Initialization

    CMTS to CMS Heartbeats

    PacketCable Objects in COPS

DQoS Timers

Authorizing DQoS Resources

    Summary of RSVP Flow Specifications

    Mapping SDP Information into RSVP Flow Specifications

Reserving and Committing DQoS Resources

    Reviewing DOCSIS 1.1 QoS

    Mapping DOCSIS Service Flows into RSVP Flow Specifications

    Mapping DOCSIS Classifiers into Gate Classifiers

    Revisiting CMTS Authorization

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Chapter 13 Analyzing, Implementing, and Troubleshooting DQoS

Protocol Message Flows and Operation

    Basic ONNET Call

    VAD and UGS-AD

Admission Control of Service Flows

Messaging in an Emergency 911 Call

Tying DOCSIS QoS to Backbone QoS

Configuration and Troubleshooting Commands

    Configuring PacketCable DQoS on a Cisco CMTS

    Enabling PacketCable Operation on the CMTS

    Verifying and Troubleshooting DQoS on a Cisco CMTS

    Debugging PacketCable DQoS

    Testing PacketCable DQoS Functionality

    BTS Configuration

    Verifying and Troubleshooting DQoS on the BTS

Troubleshooting Tips

    COPS Protocol Issues

    Unexpected Gate Deletion from a Gate-Close Message

    Unexpected Gate Deletion from a Gate-Delete Message

    DOCSIS Protocol Issues

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Chapter 14 Multimedia Applications

PCMM Overview

PCMM Components

    PacketCable Multimedia Clients

    Application Server (AS)

    Application Manager (AM)

    Policy Server (PS)

    Cable Modem Termination System (CMTS)

    Cable Modem (CM)

    RKS

Service and Resource Control Domains

PCMM DOCSIS Usage Considerations

PCMM COPS Usage Considerations

    COPS Initialization

    PEP to PDP Heartbeats

    PacketCable Multimedia Objects in COPS

PCMM Message Flow Template

PCMM Message Flow Example

Event Messaging

Security

PCMM Configuration on a Cisco CMTS

Verifying and Troubleshooting PCMM on a Cisco CMTS

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Part VI Network Considerations

Chapter 15 Event Messaging and Lawful Intercept

Event Messaging Motivation and Background

Event Message Types

Event Messaging Call Flow

Event Messaging Configuration and Troubleshooting

    Configuring Event Messaging on a BTS 10200

    Configuring and Troubleshooting Event Messaging on a Cisco CMTS

PacketCable Lawful Intercept Motivation and Background

Surveillance Types

Lawful Intercept Terminology

AF-DF Communication

    Communicating Lawful Intercept Information to the CMTS

    Communicating Lawful Intercept Information to the MG

    Communicating Lawful Intercept Information Across CMSS

DF-CF Communication

    Capturing Call Data and PCESP

    Lawful Intercept Call Flows

    Capturing Call Content

Configuring Lawful Intercept

Troubleshooting Tips

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Chapter 16 PacketCable Network Design Considerations

Security Considerations

    Types of Security Requirements

    Usage of the IP Security Architecture (IPsec)

    Configuring and Troubleshooting PacketCable Security

QoS Considerations

    Characterizing Call Signaling Traffic

    QoS for NCS Packets on the DOCSIS Network

    Backbone QoS Overview

    Setting DSCP Codepoints

    Configuring Backbone QoS Policies

    Use of MPLS in Backbone

Capacity Planning and Traffic Engineering

    Determining the Call Capacity of a DOCSIS Upstream

    The Effect of Changing Packetization Interval

    The Effect of Changing CODEC

    The Effect of Implementing PHS

    The Effect of Implementing VAD

    The Effect of Implementing Security

    Differences Among Cable Linecards

    Line Usage and Traffic Pattern Considerations

    CMTS Considerations Beyond the Upstream Limitations

    Capacity Planning on the CMS

    Capacity Planning on the Trunking Gateway

Redundancy, Redundancy

    CMS Availability

    CMTS Availability

    MTA Availability

    MG Availability

    SG Availability

    OSS Server Availability

Other CMTS Design Considerations

    Load Balancing

PacketCable Future

Chapter Summary

Chapter Review

Part VII Appendixes

Appendix A Standards and Specifications

Appendix B Cable Monitor and Ethereal

Appendix C Complete Call Flows

Index