Analysis and Application of Analog Electronic Circuits to Biomedical Instrumentation, 2/e (Hardcover)
暫譯: 模擬電子電路在生醫儀器中的分析與應用,第2版 (精裝本)

Robert B. Northrop

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<內容簡介>

analysis and Application of Analog Electronic Circuits to Biomedical Instrumentation, Second Edition helps biomedical engineers understand the basic analog electronic circuits used for signal conditioning in biomedical instruments. It explains the function and design of signal conditioning systems using analog ICs—the circuits that enable ECG, EEG, EMG, ERG, tomographic images, biochemical spectrograms, and other crucial medical applications.

This book demonstrates how op amps are the keystone of modern analog signal conditioning system design and illustrates how they can be used to build instrumentation amplifiers, active filters, and many other biomedical instrumentation systems and subsystems. It introduces the mathematical tools used to describe noise and its propagation through linear systems, and it looks at how signal-to-noise ratios can be improved by signal averaging and linear filtering.

Features

Analyzes the properties of photonic sensors and emitters and the circuits that power them
Details the design of instrumentation amplifiers and medical isolation amplifiers
Considers the modulation and demodulation of biomedical signals
Examines analog power amplifiers, including power op amps and class D (switched) PAs
Describes wireless patient monitoring, including Wi-Fi and Bluetooth communication protocols
Explores RFID, GPS, and ultrasonic tags and the design of fractal antennas
Addresses special analog electronic circuits and systems such as phase-sensitive rectifiers, phase detectors, and IC thermometers

By explaining the "building blocks" of biomedical systems, the author illustrates the importance of signal conditioning systems in the devices that gather and monitor patients’ critical medical information. Fully revised and updated, this second edition includes new chapters, a glossary, and end-of-chapter problems.

What's New in This Edition

Updated and revised material throughout the book
A chapter on the applications, circuits, and characteristics of power amplifiers
A chapter on wireless patient monitoring using UHF telemetry
A chapter on RFID tags, GPS tags, and ultrasonic tags
A glossary to help you decode the acronyms and terms used in biomedical electronics, physiology, and biochemistry
New end-of-chapter problems and examples



<章節目錄>

All chapters include an introduction and chapter summary.

Sources and Properties of Biomedical Signals

Sources of Endogenous Bioelectric Signals

Nerve Action Potentials

Muscle Action Potentials

The Electrocardiogram

Other Biopotentials

Electrical Properties of Bioelectrodes

Exogenous Bioelectric Signals

Properties and Models of Semiconductor Devices Used in Analog Electronic Systems

pn Junction Diodes

Midfrequency Models for BJT Behavior

Midfrequency Models for Field-Effect Transistors

High-Frequency Models for Transistors and Simple Transistor Amplifiers

Photons, Photodiodes, Photoconductors, LEDs, and Laser Diodes

The Differential Amplifier

DA Circuit Architecture

Common-Mode Rejection Ratio

CM and DM Gain of Simple DA Stages at High Frequencies

Input Resistance of Simple Transistor DAs

How Signal Source Impedance Affects the Low-Frequency CMRR

How Op Amps Can be Used to Make DAs for Medical Applications

General Properties of Electronic, Single-Loop Feedback Systems

Classification of Electronic Feedback Systems

Some Effects of Negative Voltage Feedback

Effects of Negative Current Feedback

Positive Voltage Feedback

Feedback, Frequency Response, and Amplifier Stability

Review of Amplifier Frequency Response

What Is Meant by Feedback System Stability

The Use of Root Locus in Feedback Amplifier Design

Use of Root-Locus in the Design of "Linear" Oscillators

Operational Amplifiers and Comparators

The Ideal Op Amp

Practical Op Amps

Gain-Bandwidth Relations for Voltage-Feedback OAs

Gain-Bandwidth Relations in Current Feedback Amplifiers

Analog Voltage Comparators

Some Applications of Op Amps in Biomedicine

Introduction to Analog Active Filters

Active Filter Applications

Types of Analog Active Filters

Electronically Tunable AFs

Instrumentation and Medical Isolation Amplifiers

Instrumentation Amps

Medical Isolation Amps

Safety Standards in Medical Electronic Amplifiers

Medical-Grade Power Supplies

Noise and the Design of Low-Noise Signal Conditioning Systems for Biomedical Applications

Descriptors of Random Noise in Biomedical Measurement Systems

Propagation of Noise Through LTI Filters

Noise Factor and Figure of Amplifiers

Cascaded Noisy Amplifiers

Noise in Differential Amplifiers

Effect of Feedback on Noise

Examples of Noise-Limited Resolution of Certain Signal Conditioning Systems

Some Low-Noise Amplifiers

The Art of Low-Noise Signal Conditioning System Design

Digital Interfaces

Aliasing and the Sampling Theorem

Digital-to-Analog Converters

Sample-and-Hold Circuits

Analog-to-Digital Converters

Quantization Noise

Modulation and Demodulation of Biomedical Signals

Modulation of a Sinusoidal Carrier Viewed in the Frequency Domain

Implementation of AM

Generation of Phase and Frequency Modulation

Demodulation of Modulated Sinusoidal Carriers

Modulation and Demodulation of Digital Carriers

Power Amplifiers and Their Applications in Biomedicine

Power Output Devices

Classes of Power Amplifiers: PA Efficiency

Class D Power Amplifiers

Nonlinearity and Distortion in PAs

IC Voltage Regulators in Medical Electronic Systems

Heatsinking

Wireless Patient Monitoring

Sensors and Sensor Signals Communicated in WPM

Modulation in WPM

RF Communications Protocols Used in WPM

UHF Transmitters and Antennas

WPM Systems

How WPM Reduces the Probability of Patient Microshock

Privacy in WPM

RFID Tags, GPS Tags, and Ultrasonic Tags Used in Ecological Research

Applications of RFID Tags

Design of RFID Tags

Tag Readers

GPS Tags

Ultrasonic Tags in Fisheries Biology

Examples of Special Analog Circuits and Systems Used in Biomedical Instrumentation

The Phase-Sensitive Rectifier

Phase Detectors

Voltage and Current-Controlled Oscillators

Phase-Lock Loops

True RMS Converters

IC Temperature Sensors

Three Examples of Medical Instrumentation Systems

Appendix

Glossary

Bibliography and Recommended Reading

商品描述(中文翻譯)

內容簡介
《模擬電子電路在生醫儀器中的分析與應用(第二版)》幫助生醫工程師理解用於生醫儀器信號調理的基本模擬電子電路。它解釋了使用模擬集成電路的信號調理系統的功能和設計——這些電路使得心電圖(ECG)、腦電圖(EEG)、肌電圖(EMG)、視網膜電圖(ERG)、斷層影像、生化光譜圖及其他關鍵醫療應用成為可能。

本書展示了運算放大器(op amps)是現代模擬信號調理系統設計的基石,並說明了如何利用它們來構建儀器放大器、主動濾波器及許多其他生醫儀器系統和子系統。它介紹了用於描述噪聲及其在線性系統中傳播的數學工具,並探討了如何通過信號平均和線性濾波來改善信噪比。

特色
- 分析光子傳感器和發射器的特性及其供電電路
- 詳細說明儀器放大器和醫療隔離放大器的設計
- 考慮生醫信號的調變和解調
- 檢視模擬功率放大器,包括功率運算放大器和D類(開關)功率放大器
- 描述無線病人監測,包括Wi-Fi和藍牙通信協議
- 探索RFID、GPS和超聲波標籤及分形天線的設計
- 討論特殊的模擬電子電路和系統,如相敏整流器、相位檢測器和集成電路溫度計

通過解釋生醫系統的「基本組件」,作者說明了信號調理系統在收集和監測病人關鍵醫療信息的設備中的重要性。這一版經過全面修訂和更新,包含新章節、詞彙表和章末問題。

本版新內容
- 全書內容更新和修訂
- 一章關於功率放大器的應用、電路和特性
- 一章關於使用UHF遙測的無線病人監測
- 一章關於RFID標籤、GPS標籤和超聲波標籤
- 一個詞彙表,幫助您解碼生醫電子學、生理學和生物化學中使用的縮寫和術語
- 新的章末問題和範例

章節目錄
所有章節均包含介紹和章節摘要。
- 生醫信號的來源和特性
- 內源性生物電信號的來源
- 神經動作電位
- 肌肉動作電位
- 心電圖
- 其他生物電位
- 生物電極的電氣特性
- 外源性生物電信號
- 用於模擬電子系統的半導體器件的特性和模型
- pn接面二極體
- BJT行為的中頻模型
- 場效應晶體管的中頻模型
- 晶體管和簡單晶體管放大器的高頻模型
- 光子、光二極體、光導體、LED和激光二極體
- 差動放大器
- DA電路架構
- 共模抑制比
- 簡單DA級在高頻下的CM和DM增益
- 簡單晶體管DA的輸入阻抗
- 信號源阻抗如何影響低頻CMRR
- 如何使用運算放大器製作醫療應用的DA
- 電子單迴路反饋系統的一般特性
- 電子反饋系統的分類
- 負電壓反饋的一些影響
- 負電流反饋的影響
- 正電壓反饋
- 反饋、頻率響應和放大器穩定性
- 放大器頻率響應的回顧
- 反饋系統穩定性是什麼意思
- 在反饋放大器設計中使用根軌跡
- 在「線性」振盪器設計中使用根軌跡
- 運算放大器和比較器
- 理想運算放大器
- 實用運算放大器
- 電壓反饋運算放大器的增益-帶寬關係
- 電流反饋放大器的增益-帶寬關係
- 模擬電壓比較器
- 運算放大器在生醫領域的一些應用
- 模擬主動濾波器簡介
- 主動濾波器應用
- 模擬主動濾波器的類型
- 可電子調諧的AF
- 儀器和醫療隔離放大器
- 儀器放大器
- 醫療隔離放大器
- 醫療電子放大器的安全標準
- 醫療級電源
- 噪聲及生醫應用的低噪聲信號調理系統設計
- 生醫測量系統中隨機噪聲的描述
- 噪聲在LTI濾波器中的傳播
- 放大器的噪聲因子和噪聲指數
- 串聯的噪聲放大器
- 差動放大器中的噪聲
- 反饋對噪聲的影響
- 某些信號調理系統的噪聲限制解析度的例子
- 一些低噪聲放大器
- 低噪聲信號調理系統設計的藝術
- 數位介面
- 切變和取樣定理
- 數位-模擬轉換器
- 取樣保持電路
- 模擬-數位轉換器
- 量化噪聲
- 生醫信號的調變和解調
- 在頻域中觀察正弦載波的調變
- AM的實現
- 相位和頻率調變的生成
- 調變正弦載波的解調
- 數位載波的調變和解調
- 功率放大器及其在生醫領域的應用
- 功率輸出裝置
- 功率放大器的類別:PA效率
- D類功率放大器
- 功率放大器中的非線性和失真
- 醫療電子系統中的IC電壓調節器
- 散熱
- 無線病人監測
- 在WPM中傳輸的傳感器和傳感器信號
- WPM中的調變
- WPM中使用的RF通信協議
- UHF發射器和天線
- WPM系統
- WPM如何降低病人微電擊的概率
- WPM中的隱私
- 用於生態研究的RFID標籤、GPS標籤和超聲波標籤
- RFID標籤的應用
- RFID標籤的設計
- 標籤讀取器
- GPS標籤
- 魚類生物學中的超聲波標籤
- 用於生醫儀器的特殊模擬電路和系統的例子
- 相敏整流器
- 相位檢測器
- 電壓和電流控制振盪器
- 鎖相迴路
- 真有效值轉換器
- IC溫度傳感器
- 三個醫療儀器系統的例子
- 附錄
- 詞彙表
- 參考文獻和推薦閱讀