Operator's Guide to General Purpose Steam Turbines: An Overview of Operating Principles, Construction, Best Practices, and Troubleshooting
暫譯: 通用蒸汽渦輪機操作手冊:操作原理、結構、最佳實踐與故障排除概述
Robert X. Perez, David W. Lawhon
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商品描述
When installed and operated properly, general purpose steam turbines are reliable and tend to be forgotten, i.e., out of sound and out of mind. But, they can be sleeping giants that can result in major headaches if ignored. Three real steam turbine undesirable consequences that immediately come to mind are:
- Injury and secondary damage due to an overspeed failure. An overspeed failure on a big steam or gas turbine is one of the most frightening of industrial accidents.
- The high cost of an extensive overhaul due to an undetected component failure. A major steam turbine repair can cost ten or more times that of a garden variety centrifugal pump repair.
- Costly production loses due an extended outage if the driven pump or compressor train is unspared. The value of lost production can quickly exceed repair costs.
A major goal of this book is to provide readers with detailed operating procedure aimed at reducing these risks to minimal levels. Start-ups are complicated by the fact that operators must deal with numerous start-up scenarios, such as:
- Commissioning a newly installed steam turbine
- Starting ups after a major steam turbine repair
- Starting up a proven steam turbine after an outage
- Overspeed trip testing
It is not enough to simply have a set of procedures in the control room for reference. To be effective, operating procedures must be clearly written down, taught, and practiced—until they become habit.
商品描述(中文翻譯)
當通用蒸汽渦輪機正確安裝和操作時,它們是可靠的,並且往往被人們遺忘,也就是說,遠離聲音,遠離心智。然而,它們可能是沉睡的巨人,如果被忽視,可能會導致重大麻煩。三個立即浮現在腦海中的蒸汽渦輪機不良後果是:
- 由於超速故障造成的傷害和次級損壞。大型蒸汽或燃氣渦輪機的超速故障是工業事故中最可怕的之一。
- 由於未檢測到的元件故障而導致的高昂大修成本。主要的蒸汽渦輪機維修費用可能是普通離心泵維修費用的十倍或更多。
- 如果驅動的泵或壓縮機組未備用,則因長時間停機而造成的昂貴生產損失。失去的生產價值可能迅速超過維修成本。
本書的一個主要目標是為讀者提供詳細的操作程序,旨在將這些風險降低到最低水平。啟動過程因操作員必須處理多種啟動情境而變得複雜,例如:
1. 啟用新安裝的蒸汽渦輪機
2. 在主要蒸汽渦輪機維修後啟動
3. 在停機後啟動經過驗證的蒸汽渦輪機
4. 超速跳閘測試
僅僅在控制室中擁有一套程序作為參考是不夠的。為了有效,操作程序必須清楚地寫下來,並進行教學和練習,直到它們成為習慣。