Handbook of Intelligent and Sustainable Smart Dentistry: Nature and Bio-Inspired Approaches, Processes, Materials, and Manufacturing

隨著科學和技術的指數增長，牙科護理的提供方式已從傳統方法轉向智能技術。除了適應智能技術外，永續牙科實踐至關重要。環保牙科、可持續牙科或綠色牙科是減少牙科實踐對環境影響並幫助保護地球和社區福祉的做法。本手冊提供了有關牙科中智能和可持續方法的最新和最全面的基於證據的指導。

《智能與可持續智慧牙科手冊：自然與生物啟發的方法、過程、材料和製造》強調了牙科4.0如何在COVID-19之後提供救助，以及它如何幫助提供所需的電子健康護理。本手冊彌合了智能牙科領域中研究與開發之間的鴻溝，為專業人士和臨床醫生提供支持。詳細探討了智能材料、設備、儀器以及最新的行為管理技術，以及這些技術如何為社會提供卓越的護理和治療。本手冊還討論了自然啟發技術和過程的範疇，以及綠色解決方案。

這本寶貴的手冊是對於希望更新智能和可持續牙科知識的從業者、研究人員、學者、學生、學術界人士和臨床醫生的單一解決方案。這本手冊不僅將賦予讀者理論知識，還將使他們具備臨床技能。

Prof. (Dr.) Ajay Kumar is currently serving as a Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering in the School of Engineering and Technology, JECRC University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. He received his Ph.D. in the field of Advanced Manufacturing and Automation from Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, India after B.Tech. (Hons.) in mechanical engineering and M.Tech. (Distinction) in manufacturing and automation. His areas of research include Biomedical Engineering, Incremental Sheet Forming, Artificial Intelligence, Sustainable Materials, Robotics and Automation, Additive Manufacturing, Mechatronics, Smart Manufacturing, Industry 4.0, Industrial Engineering Systems, Waste Management, and Optimization Techniques. Dr. Kumar has over 80 publications in international journals of repute including SCOPUS, Web of Science and SCI indexed database and refereed international conferences. He has organized various national and international events including an international conference on Mechatronics and Artificial Intelligence (ICMAI-2021) as conference chair. He also organized an international conference on Artificial Intelligence, Advanced Materials, and Mechatronics Systems (AIAMMS-2023) as conference chair. He has more than 20 national and international patents to his credit and has supervised more than 8 M. Tech, and Ph. D. scholars and numerous undergraduate projects/thesis. He has a total of 15 years of experience in teaching and research and have been a Guest Editor of many reputed journals. He has contributed to many international conferences/symposiums as a session chair, expert speaker, and member of the editorial board and has won several proficiency awards during his career, including merit awards and best teacher awards. He has also co-authored and co-edited more than 15 books and proceedings and has authored many in-house course notes, lab manuals, monographs, and invited chapters in books. Dr. Kumar has organized a series of Faculty Development Programs, International Conferences, workshops, and seminars for researchers, Ph.D., UG, and PG-level students and is associated with many research, academic, and professional societies in various capacities.

Dr. Namrata Dogra is currently serving as an Associate Professor in the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India. She completed her B.D.S. from Chaudhary Ciaran Singh University, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India, and her M.D.S. from Pt. B.D Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India. She has over 33 publications in national and international journals of repute. She has a total of 7 years of experience in teaching and research. She has won several awards during her career. She teaches various orthodontic courses at the graduate and postgraduate levels.

Ms. Sarita is currently serving as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, JECRC University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. She received her M. Tech (Distinction) in the field of Electrical and Electronics Engineering from Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India after her B. Tech. (Hons.) in electrical engineering. She has over 10 publications in international journals, including SCOPUS, Web of Science and SCI-indexed databases and refereed international conferences, and more than 50 national and international patents to her credit. Her area of expertise includes instrumentation engineering, IoT, FACTS devices, Power electronics, and electric vehicles. She is associated with research, academic, and professional societies in various capacities. Her areas of research include Artificial Intelligence, IoT, Cloud Computing, Industry 4.0, Waste Management, and Optimization Techniques.

Dr. Surbhi Bhatia has a doctorate in Computer Science and Engineering in Machine learning and Social Media Analytics. She earned her Project Management Professional Certification from the reputed Project Management Institute, USA. She is currently working as an Associate Professor in the Department of Information Systems, College of Computer Sciences and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia, and has more than 10 years of academic and teaching experience in different universities. She is the awardee of the Research Excellence Award given by King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia in 2021. She is also an Adjunct Professor at Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, India, and has published 10 international patents from India, Australia, and the USA. She has authored 2 and edited 10 books. Her area of interest is Knowledge Management, Information Systems, Artificial Intelligence, and Data Analytics.

Dr. M.S. Sidhu graduated from Dr. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Calcutta University in 1987. He topped Calcutta University in three of the four University Examinations and won Honours and Gold Medals in all four professional years. He was awarded the prestigious Dr. R Ahmed Gold Medal for the best graduate for the year 1987. Dr. Sidhu received the prestigious Shri Mohan Wig Gold Medal for the Best Clinical Research work done at AIIMS as a postgraduate for the year 1990 presented by Shri Shankar Dayal Sharma, The President of India. Dr. J.G. Kannapan Best Thesis Award in Orthodontics was presented in 1991 by the Indian Orthodontic Society. He was a Director of Post Graduate Studies and Professor and Head of the Department of Orthodontics in the Faculty of Dental Sciences at SGT University, Gurgaon. He is also a member of the Board of Advisors of the Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Care, SGT University, Gurgaon, and a Member of the Academic Council, Board of Management at the same university. He is also a Visiting Professor at the University of Detroit, Mercy School of Dentistry, Michigan

教授（博士）Ajay Kumar目前擔任印度拉賈斯坦邦齋浦爾JECRC大學工程與技術學院機械工程系的教授。他在印度希沙爾的Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology獲得了先進製造與自動化領域的博士學位，並在機械工程獲得榮譽學士學位及在製造與自動化獲得優異碩士學位。他的研究領域包括生物醫學工程、增量板材成形、人工智慧、可持續材料、機器人與自動化、增材製造、機電一體化、智慧製造、工業4.0、工業工程系統、廢物管理及優化技術。Kumar博士在包括SCOPUS、Web of Science及SCI索引的國際知名期刊上發表了超過80篇論文，並參加了多場國際會議。他擔任過多個國內外活動的組織者，包括作為會議主席的機電一體化與人工智慧國際會議（ICMAI-2021）及人工智慧、先進材料與機電系統國際會議（AIAMMS-2023）。他擁有超過20項國內外專利，並指導過8名以上的碩士及博士研究生及多個本科專案/論文。他在教學與研究方面擁有15年的經驗，並曾擔任多本知名期刊的客座編輯。他在多個國際會議/研討會中擔任過會議主席、專家演講者及編輯委員會成員，並在職業生涯中獲得多項優秀獎項，包括優異獎及最佳教師獎。他還共同編著及編輯了超過15本書籍及會議論文，並撰寫了多份內部課程講義、實驗手冊、專著及書籍中的邀請章節。Kumar博士組織了一系列的教師發展計畫、國際會議、研討會及工作坊，針對研究人員、博士生及碩士生，並以各種身份參與多個研究、學術及專業社團。

Namrata Dogra博士目前擔任印度哈里亞納邦古魯格拉姆SGT大學牙科科學院正畸與顏面正畸系的副教授。她在印度北方邦梅魯特的Chaudhary Ciaran Singh University獲得牙醫學士學位（B.D.S.），並在印度哈里亞納邦羅塔克的Pt. B.D Sharma University of Health Sciences獲得牙科碩士學位（M.D.S.）。她在國內外知名期刊上發表了超過33篇論文，並擁有7年的教學與研究經驗。在職業生涯中，她獲得了多項獎項，並在本科及研究生層級教授各種正畸課程。

Sarita女士目前擔任印度拉賈斯坦邦齋浦爾JECRC大學工程與技術學院電氣與電子工程系的助理教授。她在印度羅塔克的Maharshi Dayanand University獲得電氣與電子工程碩士學位（M. Tech，優異），並在電氣工程獲得榮譽學士學位（B. Tech.）。她在國際期刊上發表了超過10篇論文，包括SCOPUS、Web of Science及SCI索引的數據庫，並擁有超過50項國內外專利。她的專業領域包括儀器工程、物聯網、FACTS設備、電力電子及電動車。她以各種身份參與多個研究、學術及專業社團。她的研究領域包括人工智慧、物聯網、雲計算、工業4.0、廢物管理及優化技術。

Surbhi Bhatia博士擁有計算機科學與工程的博士學位，專注於機器學習及社會...