3D Printing and Sustainable Product Development (3D列印與可持續產品開發)

這段文字專注於3D列印在新產品開發過程中的角色和重要性。內容涵蓋了多個方面，例如3D列印革命與工業4.0、可持續性與3D列印，以及3D列印的經濟學。它討論了重要概念，包括3D列印、快速原型製作、3D列印零件的機械和物理特性、納米材料以及3D列印的材料方面。

特點

1. 提出近期的進展，例如工業4.0、4D列印、3D材料的機械特性表徵以及先進材料的列印。

2. 突顯3D列印的跨學科特性，特別是在生物醫學和航空航天工程領域。

3. 討論3D列印零件的機械和物理特性、材料方面及過程參數。

4. 展示主題如快速原型製作、醫療設備設計以及與3D列印在新產品開發中角色相關的仿生學。

5. 涵蓋3D列印在多個領域的應用，包括汽車、航空航天工程、醫療和海洋產業。

這將成為高年級本科生、研究生及各種工程領域研究人員的理想參考書，包括製造、機械、航空航天、汽車及工業等領域。

Mir Irfan Ul Haq is currently working as assistant professor at the School of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University (SMDV). He has previously worked with the R&D wing of Mahindra and Mahindra. He has obtained bachelor of technology degree in mechanical engineering from SMVD University and master of engineering in mechanical system design (Gold Medalist) from National Institute of Technology Srinagar. He has carried his Ph.D. in the area of tribology of lightweight materials. He is actively involved in teaching and research for the past ten years in the field of materials, tribology and 3D printing. His research interests include lightweight materials, new product development and additive manufacturing, development of green lubricants, self-lubricating materials and cutting fluids, wear of materials, and surface engineering. He has published around 50 research papers in SCI and Scopus indexed journals. He has edited three books and has served as guest editor in reputed journals. Moreover, he has been awarded various research grants for various projects from various agencies like DST and NPIU AICTE. He has attended numerous conferences and workshops both in India and abroad like the USA and Singapore. He is a member of reviewer boards of various international journals apart from chairing technical sessions in various international and national conferences. Dr. Haq is actively involved in organizing various conferences and workshops. He has also coordinated various student events such as SAEBAJA, ECOKART and TEDX. Moreover, he has supervised around 20 projects on master's and bachelor's level. Dr. Haq has served as member of various committees at national and state levels.

Ankush Raina is an assistant professor in the School of Mechanical Engineering, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Jammu and Kashmir, India. His area of interest includes wear and lubrication, additive manufacturing, and rheological properties of lubricating oils. He has been awarded Ph.D. in the area of industrial lubrication. He completed his M. Tech in Mechanical System Design from NIT Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir. He was awarded with Gold Medal for securing first position in M. Tech. He has extensive research experience in the field of nano lubrication and has carried out various studies using nano-additives in different lubricating oils and composite materials. Further, he has also explored the tribological characteristics of different types of 3D printed polymeric materials. He has published more than 50 articles in the SCI/SCIE/Scopus indexed journals with more than 1,200 citations and h-index of 19 and i-10 index of 32. He has also presented several papers in national and international conferences in India and abroad. He is the reviewer of several reputed SCI/SCIE indexed journals and has also coordinated several events at university level.

Nida Naveed is currently a senior lecturer and programme leader at University of Sunderland, UK, and has been working in academia and industry for more than fifteen years. Before joining the University of Sunderland, she has worked with NCG Newcastle College Group, UK, as a programme leader in engineering and at The Open University (OU), UK, as an honorary associate (researcher) at the Department of Engineering and Innovation. Previously, she was also a Research Candidate at The Open University for MPhil leading to PhD on a fully funded studentship by Rolls Royce Limited, East Midlands Development Agency (EMDA) and OU. She has obtained her PhD in materials engineering from the Department of Engineering and Innovation at The Open University, UK. She received her master's (MEng) in structural engineering and bachelor's (BEng) in civil engineering fromNED Engineering University. Dr. Nida has a Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE) in mathematics and numeracy specialists from Teesside University, UK. She is a chartered engineer and a member of the Institution of Engineering and Technology (MIET), UK. She is also a fellow of the Higher Education Academy (FHEA) UK. Dr. Nida has published various articles in reputed journals and is currently guiding various master's and PhD students. She is a member of Athena Swan Team for the Faculty of Technology, University of Sunderland, UK. She is a mom, and enjoys cycling and swimming.

Mir Irfan Ul Haq目前擔任Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University (SMDV)機械工程學院的助理教授。他曾在Mahindra and Mahindra的研發部門工作。他在SMVD大學獲得機械工程的技術學士學位，並在斯利那加國立技術學院獲得機械系統設計的碩士學位（榮獲金牌）。他在輕量材料的摩擦學領域取得博士學位。在過去十年中，他積極參與材料、摩擦學和3D列印領域的教學和研究。他的研究興趣包括輕量材料、新產品開發和增材製造、綠色潤滑劑的開發、自潤滑材料和切削液、材料磨損以及表面工程。他在SCI和Scopus索引的期刊上發表了約50篇研究論文。他編輯了三本書籍，並在多本知名期刊擔任客座編輯。此外，他還獲得了來自DST和NPIU AICTE等多個機構的各種研究資助，參與了多個項目。他參加了在印度及國外（如美國和新加坡）舉辦的多個會議和研討會。他是多本國際期刊的審稿委員會成員，並在各種國際和國內會議中擔任技術會議的主席。Haq博士積極參與組織各種會議和研討會，並協調了多個學生活動，如SAEBAJA、ECOKART和TEDX。此外，他還指導了約20個碩士和學士級別的項目。Haq博士曾擔任多個國家和州級委員會的成員。

Ankush Raina是印度查謨和克什米爾的Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University機械工程學院的助理教授。他的研究領域包括磨損和潤滑、增材製造以及潤滑油的流變特性。他在工業潤滑領域獲得博士學位，並在NIT斯利那加完成機械系統設計的碩士學位，並因在碩士學位中獲得第一名而榮獲金牌。他在納米潤滑領域擁有豐富的研究經驗，並使用納米添加劑在不同的潤滑油和複合材料中進行了多項研究。此外，他還探討了不同類型3D列印聚合物材料的摩擦學特性。他在SCI/SCIE/Scopus索引的期刊上發表了超過50篇文章，引用次數超過1,200次，h指數為19，i-10指數為32。他還在印度及國外的多個國際和國內會議上發表了多篇論文。他是幾本知名SCI/SCIE索引期刊的審稿人，並在大學層面協調了多個活動。

Nida Naveed目前是英國桑德蘭大學的高級講師和課程負責人，並在學術界和工業界工作了超過十五年。在加入桑德蘭大學之前，她曾在英國的NCG Newcastle College Group擔任工程課程負責人，並在英國的開放大學（OU）擔任工程與創新系的榮譽助理（研究員）。她曾是開放大學的研究候選人，攻讀MPhil並最終獲得博士學位，該項目由Rolls Royce Limited、東米德蘭發展機構（EMDA）和OU全額資助。她在英國開放大學的工程與創新系獲得材料工程的博士學位。她在NED工程大學獲得結構工程的碩士學位（MEng）和土木工程的學士學位（BEng）。Nida博士擁有英國Teesside大學的數學和數字專業研究生教育證書（PGCE）。她是一名特許工程師。