Broadband Optical Access Networks and Fiber-to-the-Home: Systems Technologies and Deployment Strategies (寬頻光纖接入網路與光纖到家：系統技術與部署策略)

Description

Broadband Optical Access and Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) will provide the ultimate broadband service capabilities.

Compared with the currently well-deployed broadband access technologies of ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) and Cable Modems, optical broadband access with Fiber-to-the-User’s home will cater for much higher speed access for new services.

Broadband Optical Access Networks and Fiber-to-the-Home presents a comprehensive technical overview of key technologies and deployment strategies for optical broadband access networks and emerging new broadband services.  The authors discuss network design considerations, new services, deployment trends and operational experiences, while explaining the current situation and providing insights into future broadband access technologies and services.

Broadband Optical Access Networks and Fiber-to-the-Home:

• Offers a comprehensive, up-to-date introduction to new developments in broadband access network technologies and services.
• Examines the impact of research and development in photonics technologies on broadband access and FTTH.
• Covers ADSL, VDSL with FTTC (Fiber-to-the-Curb), Cable Modem over HFC (Hybrid-Fiber Coax) and Gigabit Ethernet.
• Discusses the roles of Broadband Wireless LAN and integrated FTTH/Wireless Broadband Access as well as Broadband Home Networks.
• Provides a global view of broadband network development, presenting different technical and system deployment approaches and strategic considerations for comparison.
• Gives insight into the worldwide broadband competition and the future of this technology.

Broadband Optical Access Networks and Fiber-to-the-Home will be an invaluable resource for engineers in research and development, network planners, business managers, consultants as well as analysts and educators for a better understanding of the future of broadband in the field of telecommunications, data communications, and broadband multimedia service industries.

Table of Contents

Foreword.

Preface and Overview.

Acronyms.

Contributors List.

1 Broadband Optical Access Technologies and FTTH Deployment in NTT.

1.1 Introduction.

1.2 History of Optical Technology in Japan.

1.2.1 The First Research on Subscriber Optical Transmission Systems.

1.2.2 From Multi-Mode Fiber to Single-Mode Fiber.

1.2.3 Development of CT/RT System.

1.2.4 Moving Towards FTTH.

1.2.5 Optical Systems at Metal-Wire Costs.

1.2.6 Access Network Optical Upgrading Program.

1.3 Trends in Broadband Services.

1.3.1 Growth of Broadband Services in Japan.

1.3.2 Vision for a New Optical Generation.

1.4 Optical Access Technology Behind Broadband Services.

1.4.1 Optical Access Technology for Current Broadband Services.

1.4.2 Broadband Access Network Technology in the Future.

1.5 Conclusion.

References.

2 Today’s Broadband Fiber Access Technologies and Deployment.Considerations at SBC.

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Fiber-to-the-Neighborhood (FTTX) Architecture.

2.2.1 FTTH Access Architecture.

2.2.2 FTTN Access Architecture.

2.3 ITU-T PON Standards.

2.3.1 ITU-T G.983 B-PON Standards Series.

2.3.2 ITU-T G.984 G-PON for Higher Speeds.

2.3.3 The Role of Standards in Interoperability.

2.4 PON Technology Background.

2.4.1 Upstream Bandwidth Assignment.

2.4.2 Ranging.

2.4.3 Splitters.

2.5 The SBC FTTH Network.

2.5.1 The Optical Fiber/Distribution Network.

2.5.2 FTTH ONTs.

2.5.3 SBC’s Mission Bay Trial.

2.6 SBC Fiber to the Node (FTTN) NETWORK.

2.7 The Home Network.

2.8 Motivating the New Network – IPTV.

Summary.

General References.

3 FTTH: The Swedish Perspective.

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Contents.

3.3 Definitions.

3.3.1 Broadband Definition.

3.3.2 FTTH Definition.

3.3.3 Muni Net Definition.

3.3.4 Residential Area Network, Definition.

3.4 Background for the Swedish FTTH Boom.

3.5 The Swedish Broadband Market Today.

3.5.1 Broadband Penetration Compared to the OECD.

3.5.2 The Broadband Market and Access Technologies in Sweden.

3.5.3 Equipment Suppliers.

3.5.4 The Swedish Broadband Industry.

3.5.5 Collaboration Between Industry and Academia.

3.6 Open Networks Versus Vertical Integration.

3.6.1 The Open Network.

3.6.2 Functions When Operating Muni Nets.

3.6.3 Relationships and Monetary Flows in Muni Nets.

3.6.4 Open Networks Versus Vertical Integration.

3.7 Access Network Technologies.

3.7.1 PON Versus Point-to-Point Ethernet.

3.7.2 L2 Versus L3 Access Architectures.

3.8 Drivers, Services and Trends for the Future Broadband Networks.

3.8.1 Operators and Network Owners.

3.8.2 Authorities.

3.9 Description of Key Swedish FTTH Players.

3.9.1 PacketFront.

3.9.2 Ericsson.

3.9.3 TeliaSonera.

3.9.4 Svenska Bosta¨der in Va¨llingby: A Greenfield Deployment.

3.9.5 Stockholm and the Va¨llingby Model: A Brownfield Deployment.

3.10 Summary.

Acknowledgements.

References.

4 Broadband Access Networks and Services in Korea.

4.1 Changing Environments and FITL Plan.

4.2 FLC-A as the First Member of the FITL.

4.2.1 Services Considered.

4.2.2 Hardware Configuration.

4.2.3 Management System.

4.2.4 FLC-B an FLC-A Upgrade.

4.3 FLC-C.

4.3.1 Services Considered.

4.3.2 Hardware Configuration.

4.3.3 Operation Support System.

4.3.4 Multi-Vendor Interoperability.

4.3.5 FLC-C Experience.

4.4 Broadband Access-XDSL.

4.4.1 Environment.

4.4.2 Internet Services in Korea.

4.4.3 Competing Technologies.

4.4.4 Broadband Access Network.

4.4.5 Network Architectures and Protocol.

4.4.6 VDSL.

4.4.7 Services.

4.4.8 Interferences.

4.4.9 IP-VDSL.

4.4.10 Monumental Success of the XDSL.

4.5 Ethernet to the Home and WLAN.

4.5.1 Environments.

4.5.2 Metro Ethernet.

4.5.3 Wireless LAN.

4.6 B-PON (Broadband Passive Optical Networks).

4.6.1 Environments.

4.6.2 Management.

4.6.3 Legacy OSS Interfaces.

4.6.4 B-PON Deployment.

4.7 WDM-PON.

4.7.1 Next Generation Network.

4.7.2 Bandwidth.

4.7.3 QoS.

4.7.4 Design Concept.

4.7.5 WDM-PON System Based on ASE Injected FP-LD Scheme.

4.7.6 Demonstration of Triple Play Service by WDM-PON.

4.7.7 Now WDM-PON.

References.

5 Broadband Fiber-to-the-Home Technologies, Strategies, and Deployment Plan in Open Service Provider Networks: Project UTOPIA.

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Municipal Perspective.

5.3 Operational Model: Open Service Provider NetworkTM.

5.4 Guiding Principles.

5.5 Technology Position: Physical Media.

5.6 Architecture Template: Outside Plant.

5.6.1 Type of Fiber.

5.6.2 Active Versus Passive.

5.6.3 Redundancy.

5.6.4 Fiber Strand Counts.

5.6.5 Optimal Fiber Aggregation.

5.6.6 Outside Plant Design.

5.6.7 The Distribution Network.

5.7 Architecture Template: Standards.

5.8 Architecture Template: Transport Layer Topology.

5.8.1 Reliability.

5.8.2 Traffic Management.

5.8.3 Scalable Bandwidth.

5.8.4 Plentiful Bandwidth.

5.8.5 Cost to Scale.

5.8.6 Architecture Template – Transport Layer Topology.

5.9 Network Technology: Technology and Vendor Selection.

5.10 Network Interfaces.

5.11 Network Operations: Capacity Management.

5.12 Conclusions.

References.

6 High-Speed FTTH Technologies in an Open Access Platform – the European MUSE Project.

6.1 Introduction.

6.1.1 A Different View of Networks.

6.1.2 Changing Architectures.

6.1.3 Future Applications and Service Requirements.

6.1.4 Network Convergence and Distribution of Intelligence.

6.1.5 Migration of Access Networks.

6.2 Fiber Access Networks.

6.2.1 Access Network Design.

6.2.2 Techno-Economic Modeling.

6.2.3 Fiber Access Topologies.

6.3 FTTX Technologies.

6.3.1 Improvement of Optical Access Multiplexers.

6.3.2 Future Deployment.

6.4 Conclusions.

References.

7 Residential Broadband PON (B-PON) Systems.

7.1 Introduction.

7.2 Brief History of ATM-Based PONS.

7.2.1 Original A-PON Standard and the Early Japanese Deployments.

7.2.2 Early Interoperability and the BellSouth Dunwoody Trial.

7.2.3 System Improvements: WDM, DBA, SUR.

7.3 Triple Play B-PON System Architecture.

7.3.1 System Overview of Triple-Play B-PON.

7.3.2 Optical Line Terminal.

7.3.3 Passive Optical Network (PON).

7.3.4 Optical Network Termination.

7.4 Evolution of Broadband Services.

7.4.1 Voice: from AAL2 to VOIP.

7.4.2 Video: from Analog to QAM to IP.

7.4.3 Data: Ethernet to Everything.

7.5 FTTP Economics.

7.5.1 Competing Broadband Access Technologies.

7.5.2 New Build Applications.

7.5.3 Rehabilitation Application.

7.5.4 Overbuild Applications.

7.6 FTTP Deployment Practical Considerations.

7.6.1 Outside Plant Construction.

7.6.2 ONU and Powering.

7.6.3 RF Video Engineering.

7.7 Summary.

References.

8 Optical Networks for the Broadband Future.

8.1 Introduction.

8.2 Brief History of Fibre in Access.

8.3 Standard PON Systems.

8.3.1 Where is Investment in PON Taking Place?

8.3.2 The Role of the ITU in Standardization.

8.3.3 How does FSAN Relate to Standards?

8.3.4 Interoperability.

8.3.5 Outlook....

8.3.6 Standards Summary.

8.4 Emerging Drivers for FTTH.

8.4.1 The Internet.

8.4.2 Digital Imaging and Video.

8.4.3 Developments in Digital CPE.

8.4.4 Examples of Transmission Over Fibre V XDSL.

8.4.5 Financial Barriers.

8.5 Lower Cost Architectures.

8.5.1 By-Passing the Outer-Core/Metro Network.

8.5.2 Advantages of Long-Reach Access.

8.6 An End-to-End Vision.

8.7 Summary/Conclusions.

8.A1 Appendix.

8.A1.1 B-PON General Characteristics.

8.A1.2 G-PON General Characteristics.

References.

9 An Evolutionary Fibre-to-the-Home Network and System Technologies: Migration from HFC to FTTH Networks.

9.1 Introduction.

9.2 Elements of Compatibility.

9.3 The State of HFC Networks.

9.4 Comparing the Technologies.

9.4.1 Broadcast Service.

9.4.2 Data Service.

9.4.3 Voice Service.

9.4.4 Element Management Systems.

9.4.5 Equipment Location.

9.5 Introduction to the Architectures of HFC and FTTH Networks.

9.5.1 Elements of an FTTH Network.

9.5.2 Data Layer.

9.5.3 Optical Network.

9.5.4 Home Terminal.

9.6 Elements of Compatibility.

9.6.1 Powering.

9.6.2 Bandwidth Compatibility.

9.6.3 Set Top Terminal Support.

9.6.4 Data Interfaces.

9.6.5 Voice Protocol.

9.6.6 Quality of Service (QoS).

9.7 Video Issues.

9.7.1 Comparing Broadcast to IPTV.

9.7.2 HFC Video Opportunities.

9.8 Conclusion.

References.

10 FTTH Systems, Strategies, and Deployment Plans in China.

10.1 Current Status of Broadband Access.

10.1.1 China’s Broadband Users Growing Rapidly.

10.1.2 Access Service Requirements.

10.1.3 Access Technologies and Key Players.

10.2 Driving Forces of FTTH

10.2.1 Increased Bandwidth Demand.

10.2.2 Reduced System Cost.

10.2.3 Competition.

10.2.4 Market.

10.2.5 Regulatory.

10.3 Latest FTTH Initiatives.

10.3.1 National FTTH Research Plan.

10.3.2 FTTH Products.

10.3.3 Early FTTH Field Trials.

10.3.4 The First FTTH Equipment Testing by Carrier.

10.3.5 Commercial FTTH Networks.

10.4 FTTH Technology Considerations.

10.4.1 EPON will Dominate Residential FTTH Market.

10.4.2 GPON will be Mostly Used for FTTO.

10.4.3 P2P will not be Widely Deployed.

10.4.4 Multi-Service Support is Generally Required.

10.4.5 FTTH Functionality Expansion.

10.5 Major FTTH Players and Products.

10.5.1 Major FTTH Service Providers.

10.5.2 Major FTTH Vendors.

10.5.3 FTTH Products.

10.6 Market Barriers.

10.6.1 High System Cost.

10.6.2 Lack of Applications.

10.6.3 Regulations.

10.6.4 Competition from Other Technologies.

10.7 Market Opportunities and Deployment Strategies.

References.

11 Integrated Broadband Optical Fibre/Wireless LAN Access Networks.

11.1 Introduction.

11.2 Directly Modulated Radio-Over-Fibre Systems.

11.3 Radio-Over-Fibre Systems Deploying Optical Frequency Conversion.

11.3.1 Heterodyning Systems.

11.4 Optical Frequency Multiplying System.

11.4.1 OFM System Analysis.

11.4.2 Impact of Dispersion in Multimode Fibre Systems.

11.4.3 Impact of Dispersion in Single-Mode Fibre Systems.

11.4.4 Experimental Results.

11.5 Bi-Directional Multiple-Access System.

11.6 Installation Aspects of In-Building Radio-Over-Fibre Systems.

11.7 Dynamically Allocating Radio Capacity.

11.8 Concluding Remarks.

Acknowledgement.

References.

12 Broadband Optical Access, FTTH, and Home Networks – the Broadband Future.

12.1 Introduction – A Historical Perspective.

12.2 The Broadband Access Technology Options – xDSL Versus Cable Modem, HFC Versus FTTH, PON Versus P2P Ethernet.

12.3 Broadband FTTH Drivers, Triple-Play, Competition and IPTV.

12.4 Broadband Competitions Worldwide: A Few Examples.

12.4.1 Examples of Broadband Competition in Japan.

12.4.2 Examples of Broadband Competition in Europe.

12.4.3 Examples of Broadband Competition in the US.

12.5 Broadband Competition in Hong Kong.

12.6 Broadband Optical Home Networks: The Potential of Broadband Home Networking or ‘Giga-Homes’.

12.6.1 HD Video ‘Blog’.

12.6.2 Large-Screen High-Definition Display for Homes.

12.7 Research on Technologies for Next Generation Broadband Optical

Access: WDM PON Access Networks and Fiber/Wireless Integration.

12.8 The Broadband Future, with IP HDTV/VOD and HD Video Communications.

Acknowledgements.

References.

Index.