Ultra-Dense Heterogeneous Networks
暫譯: 超密度異質網路

隨著移動數據量的持續增加，行動網路從小型小區網路演變為超密集異質網路，以提供高系統容量和頻譜效率。透過將基站（BSs）帶到近似的空間規模和數量級，超密集異質網路無疑將為網路設計帶來前所未有的範式變化。首先，隨著小型小區的密集化，細胞間干擾變得嚴重，可能會惡化移動用戶的性能。在分配網路資源，包括頻寬和時間槽的同時，避免干擾需要認真考慮。其次，基站的覆蓋範圍變得小且不規則，導致移動用戶在移動時頻繁且複雜的切換。如何確保持續的通信並實施有效的移動管理，以及細胞間的資源分配和合作，仍然是一個具有挑戰性的問題。第三，這種空間維度的動態變化使我們能夠重新調查可用和正在進行的通信和網路技術，例如大規模MIMO、協同多點（CoMP）、毫米波（mmWaves）、載波聚合、全雙工無線和D2D通信。

為了解決上述挑戰性的研究問題，本書將探討超密集異質網路中的服務和用戶體驗（QoE）提供。具體而言，首先我們將通過對超密集異質網路的空間部署、通用特徵和要求進行仔細定義，來介紹超密集異質網路，以確保移動用戶的QoE。其次，我們描述了近距離小型小區之間的資源管理、移動用戶的移動管理（解決超頻繁的切換問題）以及干擾管理（處理由於頻率重用而產生的干擾）。第三，我們研究了促成因素，以及超密集異質網路與促成技術的整合，例如大規模MIMO、雲端無線接入網（cloud-RAN）、毫米波、D2D和物聯網（IoT）。最後，我們總結本書並指出未來的方向和挑戰。

Wen Sun is currently a professor in Northwestern Polytechnical University. She received her Ph.D. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering from National University of Singapore in 2014, and B.E. degree from Harbin Institute of Technology in 2009. She was a research fellow in National University of Singapore from 2014 to 2015. Her research interests cover a wide range of areas including wireless mobile communications, IoT, 5G, and blockchain. She has published more than 50 peer-reviewed papers in various prestigious IEEE journals and conferences, including IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, IEEE Network, IEEE Wireless Communications. She was the recipient of the best paper award of GlobeCom2019. She is IEEE senior member and serves as publicity chair for WiMob2019 and CNS2020, and TPC member for ICC and GlobeCom in 2018 and 2019. She also serves as an associate editor for International Journal of Multimedia Intelligence and Security and IEEE Access.

Qubeijian Wang is currently an assistant professor with the School of Cybersecurity, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China. He received the B.E. degrees in electrical engineering from Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, China, and the University of Liverpool, U.K., in 2015, the M.E. degree in telecommunications from the University of Melbourne, Australia, in 2017, and the Ph.D. degree in electronic information technology from Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau. His research interests include UAV-aided communications, physical-layer security, and large-scale network performance analysis. He serves as TPC member for conferences, including GlobeCom 2021 and 2022, and VTC2021-Fall and reviewer for various prestigious IEEE journals and conferences.

Nan Zhao is currently a Professor at Dalian University of Technology, China. He received the B.S. degree in electronics and information engineering in 2005, the M.E. degree in signal and information processing in 2007, and the Ph.D. degree in information and communication engineering in 2011, from Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China. His recent research interests include UAV Communications, Interference Alignment, and Physical Layer Security. Dr. Zhao is serving or served on the editorial boards of 9 SCI-indexed journals, including IEEE Wireless Communications Letters and IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking. He received Top Reviewer Award from IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology in 2016, and was nominated as Exemplary Reviewers by IEEE Communications Letters in 2016 and by IEEE Transactions on Communications in 2018 and 2019. He won the best paper awards in IEEE VTC 2017 Spring, ICNC 2018, WCSP 2018 and WCSP 2019. He also received the IEEE Communications Society Asia Pacific Board Outstanding Young Researcher Award in 2018.

Chao Shen is a full Professor in the faculty of Electronic and Information Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University of China. He currently serves as the Associate Dean of School of Cyber Science and Engineering of Xi'an Jiaotong University. He received the B.S. degrees in automatic control and the Ph.D. degree in system engineering from Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China, in 2007 and 2014, respectively. He was a research scholar in Computer Science Department at Carnegie Mellon University from 2011 to 2013. He has published more than 70 research papers in international referred journals and conferences at the intersection of computer and network security, big data analysis, machine learning and automatic control. His current research interests mainly include Data-Driven Network and System Security, AI Security, Cyber-Physical System Security. He currently serves as an Associate Editor for a number of journals, including Journal of Franklin Institute, Frontiers of Computer Science, and Engineering.

Lawrence Wong is Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS). He was Vice President of IEEE from 2014 to 2017. He is currently holding the position of Deputy Director (Strategic Development) at the Interactive and Digital Media Institute (IDMI) in NUS. He was previously Executive Director of the Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R) from Nov 2002 - Nov 2006. Since joining NUS in 1983, he served in various positions at the department, faculty, and university levels, including Head of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering from Jan 2008 - Oct 2009, Director of the NUS Computer Centre from Jul 2000 - Nov 2002, and Director of the Centre for Instructional Technology from Jan 1998 - Jun 2000. Prior to joining NUS in 1983, he was a Member of Technical Staff at AT&T Bell Laboratories, Crawford Hill Lab, NJ, USA, from 1980 to 1983. He received the B.Sc. (1st class Honours) and Ph.D. degrees in Electronic and Electrical Engineering from Loughborough University, UK, in 1976 and 1980, respectively. His research interests include wireless networks and systems, multimedia networks, and source matched transmission techniques with over 200 publications and 4 patents in these areas. He is co-author of the book on "Source-Matched Mobile Communications". He received the IEEE Marconi Premium Award in 1989, NUS Teaching Award (1989), IEEE Millennium Award in 2000, the e-nnovator Awards 2000, Open Category, and Best Paper Award at the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME) 2006.

Wen Sun 目前是西北工業大學的教授。她於 2014 年在新加坡國立大學獲得電機與計算機工程博士學位，並於 2009 年在哈爾濱工業大學獲得工程學士學位。她曾於 2014 至 2015 年在新加坡國立大學擔任研究員。她的研究興趣涵蓋無線行動通信、物聯網 (IoT)、5G 和區塊鏈等多個領域。她在多個知名的 IEEE 期刊和會議上發表了超過 50 篇經過同行評審的論文，包括 IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics、IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications、IEEE Network 和 IEEE Wireless Communications。她曾獲得 GlobeCom2019 的最佳論文獎。她是 IEEE 高級會員，並擔任 WiMob2019 和 CNS2020 的宣傳主席，以及 2018 和 2019 年 ICC 和 GlobeCom 的技術程序委員會成員。她還擔任 International Journal of Multimedia Intelligence and Security 和 IEEE Access 的副編輯。

Qubeijian Wang 目前是中國西北工業大學網絡安全學院的助理教授。他於 2015 年在西安交通大學-利物浦大學獲得電氣工程學士學位，並於英國利物浦大學獲得學位，2017 年在澳大利亞墨爾本大學獲得電信碩士學位，並在澳門科技大學獲得電子信息技術博士學位。他的研究興趣包括無人機輔助通信、物理層安全和大規模網絡性能分析。他擔任多個會議的技術程序委員會成員，包括 GlobeCom 2021 和 2022 以及 VTC2021-Fall，並擔任多個知名 IEEE 期刊和會議的審稿人。

Nan Zhao 目前是中國大連理工大學的教授。他於 2005 年在哈爾濱工業大學獲得電子與信息工程學士學位，於 2007 年獲得信號與信息處理碩士學位，並於 2011 年獲得信息與通信工程博士學位。他最近的研究興趣包括無人機通信、干擾對齊和物理層安全。Zhao 博士目前或曾擔任 9 本 SCI 索引期刊的編輯委員會成員，包括 IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 和 IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking。他於 2016 年獲得 IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 的最佳審稿人獎，並於 2016 年被 IEEE Communications Letters 提名為優秀審稿人，2018 和 2019 年被 IEEE Transactions on Communications 提名為優秀審稿人。他在 IEEE VTC 2017 春季會議、ICNC 2018、WCSP 2018 和 WCSP 2019 獲得最佳論文獎。他還於 2018 年獲得 IEEE 通信學會亞太區傑出青年研究者獎。

Chao Shen 是中國西安交通大學電子與信息工程學院的全職教授。他目前擔任西安交通大學網絡科學與工程學院的副院長。他於 2007 年和 2014 年分別在西安交通大學獲得自動控制學士學位和系統工程博士學位。他曾於 2011 至 2013 年在卡內基梅隆大學計算機科學系擔任研究學者。他在計算機與網絡安全、大數據分析、機器學習和自動控制的交叉領域發表了超過 70 篇研究論文。他目前的研究興趣主要包括數據驅動的網絡和系統安全、人工智慧安全和網絡物理系統安全。他目前擔任多本期刊的副編輯，包括 Journal of Franklin Institute、Frontiers of Computer Science 和 Engineering。

Lawrence Wong 是新加坡國立大學 (NUS) 電機與計算機工程系的教授。他於 2014 至 2017 年擔任 IEEE 副總裁。他目前在 NUS 的互動與數位媒體研究所 (IDMI) 擔任副主任（戰略發展）。他曾於 2002 年 11 月至 2006 年 11 月擔任資訊通信研究所 (I2R) 的執行董事。自 1983 年加入 NUS 以來，他在系、學院和大學層級擔任過多個職位，包括 2008 年 1 月至 2009 年 10 月的電機與計算機工程系主任、2000 年 7 月至 2002 年 11 月的 NUS 計算機中心主任，以及 1998 年 1 月至 2000 年 6 月的教學技術中心主任。在 1983 年加入 NUS 之前，他曾於 1980 至 1983 年在美國新澤西州的 AT&T Bell Laboratories Crawford Hill Lab 擔任技術人員。他於 1976 年和 1980 年在英國拉夫堡大學獲得電子與電氣工程的學士（榮譽一級）和博士學位。他的研究興趣包括無線網絡和系統、多媒體網絡以及源匹配傳輸技術，在這些領域發表了超過 200 篇論文和 4 項專利。他是《Source-Matched Mobile Communications》一書的共同作者。他於 1989 年獲得 IEEE Marconi Premium Award、1989 年 NUS 教學獎、2000 年 IEEE 千禧獎、2000 年 e-nnovator Awards 開放類別獎，以及 2006 年 IEEE 國際多媒體與博覽會 (ICME) 的最佳論文獎。