Microbial Diversity in Honeybees
暫譯: 蜜蜂中的微生物多樣性

蜜蜂在我們的食物鏈中扮演著重要的角色，因為它們是主要的農作物授粉者。近年來，蜜蜂的數量急劇下降，這可能與它們的微生物組變化有關。本書使用蛋白質組學技術描述並識別蜜蜂的微生物組。各章節包括在美國各地收集的蜜蜂中檢測和識別的微生物。本書包含新的數據，並展示了蜜蜂所收集的微生物的豐富多樣性。對於所有關心蜜蜂及在相關行業工作的人來說，這是一本必讀的書籍。

Dr. Charles H. Wick is a retired senior scientist from the US Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center (ECBC) where he served both as a manager and research physical scientist and has made significant contributions to forensic science. Although his 40-year professional career has spanned both the public sector and the military, his better-known work in the area of forensic science has occurred in concert with the Department of Defense (DOD). He is a founding member of BIOid, Inc.

Dr. Wick earned four degrees from the University of Washington and worked in the private sector (civilian occupations) for twelve years, leading to a patent, numerous publications, and international recognition among his colleagues.

In 1983, Dr. Wick joined the Vulnerability/Lethality Division of the United States Army Ballistic Research Laboratory, where he quickly achieved recognition as a manager and principal investigator. It was at this point that he made one of his first major contributions to forensic science and to the field of antiterrorism; his team was the first to utilize current technology to model sub-lethal chemical, biological, and nuclear agents. This achievement was beneficial to all areas of the Department of Defense, as well as to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and gained Wick international acclaim as an authority on individual performance for operations conducted on a nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) battlefield.

During his career in the United States Army, Wick rose to the rank of Lieutenant Colonel in the Chemical Corps. He served as a Unit Commander for several rotations, a staff officer for six years (he was a Division Chemical Staff Officer for two rotations), Deputy Program Director Biological Defense Systems, and retired from the position of Commander of the 485th Chemical Battalion in April of 1999.

Dr. Wick continued to work for the DOD as a civilian at the ECBC. Two notable achievements, and one which earned him the Department of the Army Research and Development Award for Technical Excellence and a Federal Laboratory Consortium Technology Transfer Award in 2002, include his invention of the Integrated Virus Detection System (IVDS), a fast-acting, highly portable, user-friendly, extremely accurate and efficient system for detecting the presence of viruses for the purpose of detection, screening, and characterization. The IVDS can detect the full spectrum of known, unknown, and mutated viruses. This system is compact, portable, and does not rely upon elaborate chemistry. The second, and equally award winning, was his creation and leadership in the development of software designed for detecting and identifying microbes using Mass Spectrometry Proteomics. Each of these projects represents determined ten year efforts and is novel in their approaches to the detection and classification of microbes from complex matrices. Both topics are the subjects of two of his books published by CRC Press (Identifying Microbes by Mass Spectrometry Proteomics, 2013, and Integrated Virus Detection, 2014).

Throughout his career, Dr. Wick has made lasting and important contributions to forensic science and to the field of antiterrorism. Dr. Wick holds several U.S. Patents in the area of microbe detection and classification. He has written more than forty-five civilian and military publications and has received myriad awards and citations, including the Department of the Army Meritorious Civilian Service Medal, the Department of the Army Superior Civilian Service Award, two United States Army Achievement Medals for Civilian Service, the Commander's Award for Civilian Service, the Technical Cooperation Achievement Award and twenty-five other decorations and awards for military and community service.

David Wick brings 21 years of demonstrated ability to implement new or novel uses of technology. Ongoing and currently, Mr. Wick is currently providing services to the nations beekeepers as a virus and disease monitoring service. Mr. Wick has introduced and briefed this novel use of IVDS technology to Lawrence Livermore National Lab, Livermore, CA; Plum Island Animal Research Station, Orient Point, NY, (detection of hoof-in-mouth recovery from barnyard ground samples); CDC Bio Terrorism Lab, Atlanta, GA; NIAID, Bethesda, MD (work on hepatitis virus); Washington Hospital Center - Washington DC to screen patients in the ER for an early warning to a viral outbreak; PACCOM, San Diego, CA (potential use on war ships as an early warning of a viral outbreak); Titan Corp., San Diego, CA; Homeland Security Science and Technology, Washington D.C (application as an air-sampling in subway stations as an early detection for a bio-attack).; NYCDOPH, NY, NY (to monitor public viral loads); Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks (Bighorn Sheep); Idaho Fish and Game (Mallard Duck die-off); University of Montana (surface recovery in several locations); Charles River Laboratory, MA (virus verification and detection in research animals); EPA - Cincinnati (waste water testing - in 2019 BVS won 2nd place in a worldwide competition to detect viruses in waste water using the IVDS technology - awarded a monetary prize).

Publication:

SINGULARLY NARROW VIRAL SIZE AND MOBILITY STANDARDS FROM THE 38.3 nm CHRONIC BEE PARALYSIS VIRUS AND ITS 17.5 nm SATELLITE; Fernandez de la Mora, Juan; Wick, David; Perez-Lorenzo, Luis: Analytical Chemistry; Submitted June, 2020, Accepted, September 2020.

查爾斯·H·威克博士（Dr. Charles H. Wick）是美國陸軍邊緣化學生物中心（Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, ECBC）的一位退休高級科學家，他曾擔任經理和研究物理科學家，對法醫科學做出了重要貢獻。儘管他四十年的職業生涯涵蓋了公共部門和軍事領域，但他在法醫科學領域的知名工作主要是與國防部（Department of Defense, DOD）合作進行的。他是BIOid, Inc.的創始成員。

威克博士在華盛頓大學獲得四個學位，並在私營部門（平民職業）工作了十二年，這段期間他獲得了一項專利，發表了多篇論文，並在同事中獲得了國際認可。

1983年，威克博士加入美國陸軍彈道研究實驗室的脆弱性/致死性部門，並迅速因其經理和首席研究員的角色而獲得認可。此時，他對法醫科學和反恐領域做出了首次重大貢獻；他的團隊是第一個利用當前技術來模擬亞致死性化學、生物和核劑的團隊。這一成就對國防部的所有領域以及北大西洋公約組織（NATO）都有益，並使威克在核、生物和化學（NBC）戰場上個體表現的權威地位獲得國際讚譽。

在美國陸軍的職業生涯中，威克晉升為化學兵團的中校。他擔任過多次輪換的單位指揮官，擔任了六年的參謀官（他在兩次輪換中擔任了師化學參謀），生物防禦系統副計畫主任，並於1999年4月從第485化學營指揮官的職位上退休。

威克博士繼續在ECBC以平民身份為國防部工作。兩項顯著成就，其中一項使他在2002年獲得了陸軍部研究與發展技術卓越獎和聯邦實驗室聯盟技術轉移獎，包括他發明的綜合病毒檢測系統（Integrated Virus Detection System, IVDS），這是一個快速反應、高度便攜、用戶友好、極其準確和高效的系統，用於檢測病毒的存在，以便進行檢測、篩查和特徵分析。IVDS能夠檢測已知、未知和突變病毒的全譜。該系統體積小、便攜，且不依賴於複雜的化學反應。第二項同樣獲獎的成就是他創建並領導開發的用於檢測和識別微生物的質譜蛋白質組學軟體。這些項目代表了十年的努力，並在從複雜基質中檢測和分類微生物的方法上具有創新性。這兩個主題是他由CRC Press出版的兩本書的主題（《質譜蛋白質組學識別微生物》，2013年，以及《綜合病毒檢測》，2014年）。

在他的職業生涯中，威克博士對法醫科學和反恐領域做出了持久而重要的貢獻。威克博士在微生物檢測和分類領域擁有多項美國專利。他撰寫了四十五篇以上的平民和軍事出版物，並獲得了無數獎項和榮譽，包括陸軍部優異平民服務獎章、陸軍部卓越平民服務獎、兩枚美國陸軍平民服務成就獎章、平民服務指揮官獎、技術合作成就獎以及其他二十五項軍事和社區服務的獎項。

大衛·威克（David Wick）擁有21年的實證能力，能夠實施新技術或新穎的技術應用。目前，威克先生正在為全國的養蜂人提供病毒和疾病監測服務。威克先生已向洛倫斯·利弗莫爾國家實驗室（Lawrence Livermore National Lab, 加州利弗莫爾）、普拉姆島動物研究站（Plum Island Animal Research Station, 紐約州東方角，檢測來自農場地面樣本的口蹄疫恢復）、疾病控制與預防中心生物恐怖實驗室（CDC Bio Terrorism Lab, 喬治亞州亞特蘭大）、國家過敏與傳染病研究所（NIAID, 馬里蘭州貝塞斯達，針對肝炎病毒的研究）、華盛頓醫院中心（Washington Hospital Center, 華盛頓特區，為急診室篩查患者以提前警告病毒爆發）、太平洋司令部（PACCOM, 加州聖地牙哥，潛在用於軍艦作為病毒爆發的早期警告）、泰坦公司（Titan Corp., 加州聖地牙哥）、國土安全科學與技術（Homeland Security Science and Technology, 華盛頓特區，應用於地鐵站的空氣取樣以作為生物攻擊的早期檢測）、紐約市公共衛生局（NYCDOPH, 紐約市，監測公共病毒載量）、蒙大拿州魚類野生動物和公園部（Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks, 大角羊）、愛達荷州魚類和遊戲部（Idaho Fish and Game, 鴨子死亡事件）、蒙大拿大學（University of Montana, 在多個地點的表面回收）、查爾斯河實驗室（Charles River Laboratory, 麻薩諸塞州，研究動物中的病毒驗證和檢測）、環保署（EPA - 辛辛那提，廢水測試 - 2019年，BVS在全球競賽中獲得第二名，使用IVDS技術檢測廢水中的病毒，並獲得了獎金）。

出版物：
《38.3 nm慢性蜜蜂癱瘓病毒及其17.5 nm衛星的獨特狹窄病毒大小和流動性標準》；Fernandez de la Mora, Juan；Wick, David；Perez-Lorenzo, Luis：分析化學；提交於2020年6月，接受於2020年9月。