Program Development in Java: Abstraction, Specification, and Object-Oriented Des (Java程式開發：抽象、規範與物件導向設計)

Barbara Liskov, John Guttag

Program Development in Java: Abstraction, Specification, and Object-Oriented Des
  • 出版商: Addison Wesley
  • 出版日期: 2000-06-16
  • 售價: $3,120
  • 貴賓價: 9.5 折 $2,964
  • 語言: 英文
  • 頁數: 464
  • 裝訂: Hardcover
  • ISBN: 0201657686
  • ISBN-13: 9780201657685
  • 相關分類: Java 程式語言、Object-oriented

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Description

The topic of this book is more efficient and effective programming practice. If students can learn how to apply abstraction, specification, and object-oriented design in constructing even smaller programs, they will have learned the methodology urgently needed today for component-based and object-oriented software engineering. The methodology, which specifically shows students how to decompose a programming problem into parts and then how to build a desired program from independent modules, is especially critical for larger programs, often worked on by teams. The book illustrates particular techniques with implementations in Java (a brief introduction to Java is included for those not already familiar with the language). Beginning with smaller programs, to make sure the basic methodology is understood, the book then shows how to apply the same techniques for high-quality programming-in-the-large.

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Appropriate Courses

Programming Methodology, Software Design and Development, CS III (an emerging course), CS II (at better schools), Software Engineering (where programming-oriented).

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Table Of Contents

1. Introduction.
Decomposition and Abstraction.
Abstraction.
Abstraction by Parameterization.
Abstraction by Specification.
Kinds of Abstractions.

The Remainder of the Book.
Exercises.


2. Understanding Objects in Java.
Program Structure.
Packages.
Objects and Variables.
Mutability.
Method Call Semantics.

Type Checking.
Type Hierarchy.
Conversions and Overloading.

Dispatching.
Types.
Primitive Object Types.
Vectors.

Stream Input/Output.
Java Applications.
Exercises.

3. Procedural Abstraction.
The Benefits of Abstraction.
Specifications.
Specifications of Procedural Abstractions.
Implementing Procedures.
Designing Procedural Abstractions.
Summary.
Exercises.

4. Exceptions.
Specifications.
The Java Exception Mechanism.
Exception Types.
Defining Exception Types.
Throwing Exceptions.
Handling Exceptions.
Coping with Unchecked Exceptions.

Programming with Exceptions.
Reflecting and Masking.

Design Issues.
When to Use Exceptions.
Checked versus Unchecked Exceptions.

Defensive Programming.
Summary.
Exercises.

5. Data Abstraction.
Specifications for Data Abstractions.
Specification of IntSet.
The Poly Abstraction.

Using Data Abstractions.
Implementing Data Abstractions.
Implementing Data Abstractions in Java.
Implementation of IntSet.
Implementation of Poly.
Records.

Additional Methods.
Aids to Understanding Implementations.
The Abstraction Function.
The Representation Invariant.
Implementing the Abstraction Function and Rep Invariant.
Discussion.

Properties of Data Abstraction Implementations.
Benevolent Side Effects.
Exposing the Rep.

Reasoning about Data Abstractions.
Preserving the Rep Invariant.
Reasoning about Operations.
Reasoning at the Abstract Level.

Design Issues.
Mutability.
Operation Categories.
Adequacy.

Locality and Modifiability.
Summary.
Exercises.

6. Iteration Abstraction.
Iteration in Java.
Specifying Iterators.
Using Iterators.
Implementing Iterators.
Rep Invariants and Abstraction Functions for Generators.
Ordered Lists.
Design Issues.
Summary.
Exercises.

7. Type Hierarchy.
Assignment and Dispatching.
Assignment.
Dispatching.

Defining a Type Hierarchy.
Defining Hierarchies in Java.
A Simple Example.
Exception Types.
Abstract Classes.
Interfaces.
Multiple Implementations.
Lists.
Polynomials.

The Meaning of Subtypes.
The Methods Rule.
The Properties Rule.
Equality.

Discussion of Type Hierarchy.
Summary.
Exercises.

8. Polymorphic Abstractions.
Polymorphic Data Abstractions.
Using Polymorphic Data Abstractions.
Equality Revisited.
Additional Methods.
More Flexibility.
Polymorphic Procedures.
Summary.
Exercises.

9. Specifications.
Specifications and Specificand Sets.
Some Criteria for Specifications.
Restrictiveness.
Generality.
Clarity.

Why Specifications?
Summary.
Exercises.

10. Testing and Debugging.
Testing
Black-Box Testing.
Glass-Box Testing.

Testing Procedures.
Testing Iterators.
Testing Data Abstractions.
Testing Polymorphic Abstractions.
Testing a Type Hierarchy.
Unit and Integration Testing.
Tools for Testing.
Debugging.
Defensive Programming.
Summary.
Exercises.

11. Requirements Analysis.
The Software Life Cycle.
Requirements Analysis Overview.
The Stock Tracker.
Summary.
Exercises.

12. Requirements Specifications.
Data Models.
Subsets.
Relations.
Textual Information.

Requirements Specifications.
Requirements Specification for Stock Tracker.
The Data Model.
Stock Tracker Specification.

Requirements Specification for a Search Engine.
Summary.
Exercises.

13. Design.
An Overview of the Design Process.
The Design Notebook.
The Introductory Section.
The Abstraction Sections.

The Structure of Interactive Programs.
Starting the Design.
Discussion of the Method.
Continuing the Design.
The Query Abstraction.
The WorldTable Abstraction.
Finishing Up.
Interaction between FP and UI.
Module Dependency Diagrams versus Data Models.
Review and Discussion.
Inventing Helpers.
Specifying Helpers.
Continuing the Design.
The Design Notebook.

Top-Down Design.
Summary.
Exercises.

14. Between Design and Implementation.
Evaluating a Design.
Correctness and Performance.
Structure.

Ordering the Program Development Process.
Summary.
Exercises.

15. Design Patterns.
Hiding Object Creation.
Neat Hacks.
Flyweights.
Singletons.
The State Pattern.

The Bridge Pattern.
Procedures Should Be Objects Too.
Composites.
Traversing the Tree.

The Power of Indirection.
Publish/Subscribe.
Abstracting Control.

Summary.
Exercises.

Glossary.
Index. 0201657686T04062001



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商品描述(中文翻譯)

這本書的主題是更有效和有效的程式設計實踐。如果學生能夠學習如何在構建較小的程式時應用抽象、規範和面向對象設計，他們將學會當今組件化和面向對象軟體工程所急需的方法論。這種方法論特別重要，因為它向學生展示了如何將程式設計問題分解為部分，然後如何從獨立模塊構建所需的程式，對於通常由團隊合作完成的較大程式尤其關鍵。本書通過在Java中實現特定技術（對於那些對該語言不熟悉的人，還包括了簡短的Java介紹）來說明特定技術。從較小的程式開始，以確保基本方法論被理解，然後展示如何應用相同的技術進行高質量的大型程式設計。

適合的課程有：程式設計方法論、軟體設計和開發、CS III（新興課程）、CS II（較好的學校）、軟體工程（以程式設計為導向）。

目錄：
1. 簡介
- 分解和抽象
- 抽象
- 通過參數化進行抽象
- 通過規範進行抽象
- 抽象的種類
- 本書的其餘部分
- 練習

2. 理解Java中的物件
- 程式結構
- 封裝
- 物件和變數
- 可變性
- 方法調用語義
- 類型檢查
- 類型層次結構
- 轉換和重載
- 分派
- 類型
- 原始物件類型
- 向量
- 流輸入/輸出
- Java應用程式
- 練習

3. 程序抽象
- 抽象的好處
- 規範
- 程序抽象的規範
- 實現程序
- 設計程序抽象
- 總結
- 練習

4. 例外處理
- 規範
- Java例外機制
- 例外類型
- 定義例外類型
- 拋出例外
- 處理例外
- 處理未檢查的例外
- 使用例外進行程式設計
- 反射和遮蔽
- 設計問題
- 何時使用例外
- 檢查的例外與未檢查的例外
- 防禦性程式設計
- 總結
- 練習

5. 資料抽象
- 資料抽象的規範
- IntSet的規範
- Poly抽象
- 使用資料抽象
- 實現資料抽象
- 在Java中實現資料抽象
- 實現IntSet
- 實現Poly
- 記錄
- 附加方法
- 了解實現的輔助工具
- 抽象

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