Programmable Logic Controllers

James A. Rehg, Glenn J. Sartori

Programmable Logic Controllers
  • 出版商: Prentice Hall
  • 出版日期: 2006-08-07
  • 售價: $1,580
  • 貴賓價: 9.8 折 $1,548
  • 語言: 英文
  • 頁數: 624
  • 裝訂: Hardcover
  • ISBN: 0134328817
  • ISBN-13: 9780134328812

    • 無法訂購

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Description       

For courses in Programmable Logic Controllers where the Allen/Bradley programmable logic controller is the controller of choice. 

 

This text emphasizes the Allen Braldley SLC 500 PLC and covers all three Allen Bradley PLC's (PLC 5, SLC 500 and Control Logix). As a result, it is the most comprehensive PLC text available.  The primary focus of the text is "ladder logic programming", but chapters on switches, sensors, output actuators, process control, industrial networks and three other PLC languages (function block diagrams, structure text, and sequential function charts) are also included.

 
 
Table of Contents

Preface

Part 1 - Programmable Logic Controller Fundamentals

            Goals and Objectives

            Career Insights

 

Chapter 1 Introduction to Programmable Logic Controllers

1-1      Goals and Objectives

1-2      The PLC Industry Today

1-2-1   PLC Definitions        

1-2-2   PC versus PLC

1-3      Relay Ladder Logic

1-3-1   Electromagnetic Relay

1-3-2   Sequential Control

1-4      PLC System and Components

1-4-1   Backplane

1-4-2   Processor and Power Supply

1-4-3   Programming Device

1-4-4   Input and Output Modules

1-4-5   Special Communications Modules and Network Connections

1-4-6   PLC Special Purpose Module

1-5      PLC Types

1-5-1   Rack / Address Based

1-5-2   Tag or Variable Based

1-5-3   Tag or Variable Data Types

1-5-4   Soft PLCs or PC Based Control

1-6      PLC Ladder Logic Programming

1-6-1   PLC Solution

1-6-2   Ladder Logic Operation

1-6-3   An Alternate Solution

1-6-4   PLC Advantages

1-7      Electrical and PLC Safety

1-7-1   Electrical Shock — How the Body Reacts

1-7-2   The Nature of Electrical Shock

1-7-3   Zero Energy State

1-7-4   Response to Shock Victims

1-8      Web Sites for PLC Manufacturers

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 2 Input Devices and Output Actuators

2-1      Goals and Objectives

2-2      Manual Operated Industrial Switches

2-2-1   Toggle Switches

2-2-2   Push Button Switches

2-2-3   Selector Switches

2-3      Mechanically Operated Industrial Switches

2-3-1   Limit Switches

2-3-2   Flow Switches

2-3-3   Level Switches

2-3-4   Pressure Switches

2-3-5   Temperature Switches

2-3-6   Control Diagrams

2-4      Industrial Sensors

2-4-1   Proximity Sensors

2-4-2   Photoelectric Sensors

2-5      Interfacing Input Field Devices

2-5-1   Powering Input Field Devices

2-5-2   Input Wiring

2-5-3   Current Sinking and Current Sourcing Devices

2-6      Electromagnetic Output Actuators

2-6-1   Solenoid Controlled Devices

2-6-2   Latching Relays

2-6-3   Contactors

2-6-4   Motor Starters

2-7      Visual and Audio Output Devices

2-7-1   Pilot Lamps

2-7-2   Horns and Alarms

2-8      Interfacing Output Field Devices

2-8-1   Powering Output Field Devices

2-8-2   Output Wiring

2-8-3   Current Sinking and Current Sourcing Devices

2-9      Troubleshooting Input and Output Devices

2-9-1   Troubleshooting Switches

2-9-2   Troubleshooting Relays

2-9-3   Troubleshooting Proximity Sensors

2-9-4    Troubleshooting Photoelectric Sensors

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 3 Introduction to PLC Programming

3-1        Goals and Objectives

3-2        Number Systems

3-2-1     Number System Basics

3-2-2     Binary Systems

3-2-3     Octal Number System

3-3        Bits, Bytes, Words and Memory

3-4        PLC Memory and Register Structure

3-4-1     Allen Bradley Memory Organization

3-4-2     Allen Bradley PLC 5 Memory Organization

3-4-3     Allen Bradley SLC 500 Memory Organization

3-4-4     Allen Bradley Logix System Memory Organization

3-5        Input and Output Addressing

3-5-1     PLC 5 Rack/Group Addressing

3-5-2     SLC 500 Rack/Slot Based Addressing

3-5-3     Other Vendor's Rack/Slot PLC Addressing

3-5-4     Variable- or Tag-Based Addressing

3-6        Internal Control Relay Bit Addressing

3-6-1     PLC 5 and SLC 500 Binary Bit Addressing

3-6-2     ControlLogix Binary Bit Addressing

3-6-3     Retentive and Non-retentive Memory

3-7        Status Data Addressing

3-7-1     PLC 5 and SLC 500 Status Data Addressing

3-7-2     Logix System Status

3-8        Allen Bradley Input Contacts and Output Coils

3-8-1     Examine IF Closed and Examine If Open Instructions

3-8-2     Output Energize, Output Latch and Output Unlatch Instructions 

3-9        Inputs, Outputs, and Scan Time

3-9-1     Scan Time

3-9-2     Linking Inputs and Outputs

3-9-3     Process Tank Application

3-10      PLC Program Design and Relay Ladder Logic Conversion

3-10-1   Examine IF Closed and Examine If Open Selection

3-10-2   Multiple Inputs

3-10-3   Multiple Outputs

3-10-4   Empirical Program Design

3-10-5   Converting Relay Logic to PLC Solutions

3-11      Troubleshooting Ladder Logic Control Systems

3-11-1   System Troubleshooting Tools 

3-11-2   Troubleshooting Sequence

3-11-3   Troubleshooting Input and Output Modules

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 4 Programming Timers

4-1        Goals and Objectives

4-2        Mechanical Timing Relays

4-2-1     Timed Contacts

4-2-2     Instantaneous Contacts

4-2-3     Timing Relay Operation

4-2-4     Selecting Timing Relays

4-3        Electronic Timing Relays

4-4        PLC Timer Instructions

4-4-1     Timer Output Bits

4-4-2     On-Delay Timer, Off-Delay Timer and Retentive Timer

4-5        Allen Bradley Timer Commands

4-5-1     PLC 5 and SLC 500 Timer Commands

4-5-2     Logix Timer Commands

4-6        Allen Bradley On-Delay Timers

4-7        Allen Bradley Off-Delay Timers

4-8        Allen Bradley Retentive Timers

4-8-1     Allen Bradley Reset Instruction

4-9        Cascaded Timers

4-10      Empirical Design Process with PLC Timers

4-10-1   Adding Timers to the Process

4-11      Conversion of Relay Logic Timer Ladders to PLC Logic

4-12      Troubleshooting Ladder Rungs with Timers

4-12-1   Troubleshooting Input and Output Modules

4-12-2   Troubleshooting Timer Ladder Logic

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 5 Programming Counters

5-1        Goals and Objectives

5-2        Mechanical and Electronic Counters

5-3        Introduction to Allen Bradley Counters

5-3-1     Counter Output Bits

5-4        Allen Bradley Counter and Reset Instructions

5-4-1     PLC 5 and SLC 500 Counter and Reset Instructions

5-4-2     Logix Counter Instructions

5-4-3     Standard Ladder Logic for Counters

5-4-4     Allen Bradley Up Counters

5-4-5     Allen Bradley Down Counters

5-4-6     Allen Bradley Up-Down Counters

5-4-7     Allen Bradley One-shot Instructions

5-5        Cascaded Counters

5-6        Empirical Design Process with PLC Counters

5-6-1     Adding Counters to the Process

5-7        Conversion of Relay Logic Counter Ladders to PLC Logic

5-8        Troubleshooting Counter Ladder Logic

5-8-1     Suspend Instruction

5-8-2     Process Speed versus Scan Time

5-9        Location of the Instructions

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 6 Arithmetic and Move Instructions

6-1        Goals and Objectives

6-2        Binary Arithmetic

6-3        Signed Binary Numbers

6-4        Allen Bradley Arithmetic Instructions

6-4-1     Structure for Arithmetic Instructions

6-5        Operation of Allen Bradley Arithmetic and Move Instructions

6-5-1     Addition Instruction

6-5-2     Subtraction Instruction

6-5-3     Multiplication Instruction

6-5-4     Division Instruction

6-5-5     Square Root Instruction

6-5-6     Move Instructions

6-6        Standard Ladder Logic for Allen Bradley Math and Move Instructions

6-7        Empirical Design Process with Math and Move Instructions

6-7-1     Adding Math and Move Instructions to the Process

6-8        Troubleshooting Ladder Rungs Math and Move Instructions in Ladder Logic

6-8-1     SLC 500 Test Modes

6-9        Location of the Instructions

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 7 Comparison Instructions

7-1        Goals and Objectives

7-2        Binary Coded Decimal System

7-2-1     Allen Bradley BCD Instruction and Standard Ladder Logic

7-3        Hexadecimal System

7-4        Comparison Instruction Structure

7-5        Allen Bradley Comparison Instructions

7-5-1     Standard Ladder Logic for EQU, NEQ, LES and GRT Instructions

7-5-2     Standard Ladder Logic for LEQ, GEQ, MEQ and LIM Instructions

7-5-3     Standard Ladder Logic for Multiple Instructions and Hysteresis

7-6        Empirical Design Process with BCD Conversion and Comparison Instructions

7-6-1     Adding BCD Conversion to the Process

7-6-2     Adding Comparison Instructions to the Process

7-6-3     Process Tank Design

7-6-4     Pneumatic Robot Design

7-7        Troubleshooting BCD Conversion and Comparison Ladder Logic

7-7-1     Troubleshooting with the Module Indicators

7-8        Location of the Instructions

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 8 Program Control & Miscellaneous Instructions

8-1        Goals and Objectives

8-2        Program Control Instructions

8-3        Allen Bradley Program Control Instructions

8-3-1     Master Control and Reset Instructions

8-3-2     Jump and Label Zone Control Instructions

8-3-3     Subroutines Instructions

8-3-4     PLC 5, and SLC 500 Subroutine Instructions

8-3-5     PLC 5 and ControlLogix Options for Subroutine Instructions

8-4        Allen Bradley Immediate Input and Output Instruction

8-4-1     PLC 5 Immediate Input and Output Instructions

8-4-2     SLC 500 Immediate Input and Output Instructions

8-4-3     Logix System PLC Immediate Output Instruction

8-5        Empirical Design Process with Program Control Instructions

8-5-1     Adding Program Control Instructions to the Process

8-6        Troubleshooting Program Control Instructions in Ladder Logic

8-7        Location of the Instructions

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 9 Indirect and Indexed Addressing

9-1         Goals and Objectives

9-2         Allen Bradley Addressing Modes

9-2-1      Direct Addressing

9-2-2      Indirect Addressing

9-2-3      Indexed Addressing

9-2-4      Indexed Indirect Address

9-2-5      PLC-5, SLC 500, and Logix Systems Syntax

9-3         Empirical Design Process with Indirect and Indexed Addressing

9-3-1      Adding Indirect and Indexed Addressing to the Process

9-4         Troubleshooting with Indirect and Indexed Addressing in Ladder Logic

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Part 2 — Advanced PLC Instructions and Applications

             Goals and Objectives

             Career Insights

 

Chapter 10 Data Handling Instructions and Shift Registers

10-1       Goals and Objectives

10-2       Data Handling

10-2-1    Bit Patterns in Words

10-2-2    Word Patterns in Files

10-3       Allen Bradley Data Transfer and Manipulation Instructions

10-3-1    AND, OR, and XOR Instructions

10-3-2    File-Arithmetic-Logic (FAL) Function

10-3-3    Shift Registers

10-3-4    First in, first out (FIFO) Function

10-3-5    Last in, first out (LIFO) Function

10-3-6    Copy and Fill Instructions

10-4       Empirical Design Process with Bit and Word Operation Instructions

10-5       Troubleshooting Data Handling Instructions and Shift Registers in Ladder Logic

10-6       Location of the Instructions

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 11 PLC Sequencer Functions

11-1       Goals and Objectives

11-2       Electromechanical Sequencing

11-3       Basic PLC Sequencer Function

11-4       Allen Bradley Sequencer Instructions

11-4-1    PLC-5 and SLC 500 SQO and SQC Sequencer Instructions

11-4-2    PLC 5 and SLC 500 SQO Instruction Operation

11-4-3    ControlLogix SQO Sequencer Instruction

11-4-4    PLC 5 and ControlLogix Sequencer Input (SQI) Instruction

11-4-5    Sequencer Compare (SQC) Instruction

11-4-6    Sequencer Load (SQL) Instruction

11-5       The Ultimate Sequencer Tool

11-5-1    Event Driven SQO Instruction

11-5-2    Event and Time Driven SQO Instruction

11-6       Cascading Sequencers

11-7       Empirical Design Process with Sequencer Instructions

11-7-1    Adding Sequencer Instructions to the Process

11-7-2    Empirical Design with the Ultimate Sequencer

11-7-3    Applying the Empirical Design Process to the Tank Problem

11-8       Troubleshooting Sequencer Instructions in Ladder Logic

11-9       Location of the Instructions

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 12 Analog Sensors and Control Systems

12-1       Goals and Objectives

12-2       Analog Sensors

12-2-1    Temperature Sensors

12-2-2    Pressure Sensors

12-2-3    Flow Sensors

12-2-4    Position Sensors

12-2-5    Vision Systems

12-2-6    Troubleshooting Analog Sensors

12-3       Analog Modules and Field Device Interfacing

12-3-1    Analog Input and Output Data

12-3-2    PLC-5, SLC 500, and Logix Options

12-4       Closed-Loop Control Systems

12-4-1    Direct Acting and Reverse Acting Controllers

12-4-2    Analysis of Closed-Loop Systems

12-4-3    Load Change — Process Disturbance

12-5       Attributes of a Effective Control System

12-5-1    Transient Response

12-5-2    Response to Change

12-5-3    Controller Response and Damping

12-5-4    Transient Response Options

12-5-5    Steady State Response

12-5-6    Understanding Steady State Error

12-5-7    Correction for Steady State Error

12-5-8    Controller Gain Side Effects

12-5-9    Steady state error Corrections with Bias

12-5-10  Stability

12-6       PLC Proportional Closed-Loop Process Control

12-6-1    Setting the Proportional Gain

12-7        Troubleshooting the Proportional Gain Controller

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 13 PLC Programming Standard IEC 61131-3 — Function Block Diagrams

13-1       Goals and Objectives

13-2       PLC Standards

13-2-1    IEC 61131-3 Standard Language

13-3       Function Block Diagram (FBD)

13-3-1    Signal Flow Types, Execution Order, and Data Latching

13-3-2    Feedback Loops

13-3-3    Function Block Diagram Program Development Sequence

13-3-4    Allen Bradley RSLogix 5000 FBD Programming

13-4       Empirical Design with Function Block Diagram

13-4-1    Standard Function Block Control Solutions

13-5       Sites for Allen Bradley Products and Demo Software

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

Chapter 14 Intermittent and Continuous Process Control

14-1       Goals and Objectives

14-2       Process Control

14-3       Intermittent Controllers

14-3-1    On-Off Controllers

14-3-2    Two-Position Control

14-3-3    Floating Control

14-4       Continuous Controllers

14-4-1    Proportional Controllers

14-4-2    Proportional Integral (PI) Control

14-4-3    Proportional Derivative (PD) Control

14-4-4    Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) Control

14-5       Digital Control

14-5-1    Digital Sample and Hold

14-5-2    Proportion Control Mode

14-5-3    Integral Control Mode

14-5-4    Derivative Control Mode

14-6       Scaling in Process Control

14-7       Manual Control Mode and Bumpless Transfer

14-8       Location of the Instructions

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

Problems

 

 Chapter 15 PLC Programming Standard IEC 61131-3 — Text Based Languages

15-1       Goals and Objectives

15-2       Overview of IEC 61131-3 Text Languages

15-3       Allen Bradley IEC 61131 Structured Text Implementation

15-4       Structured Text Programming

15-4-1    Assignment Statements

15-4-2    Expressions

15-4-3    Operators and Functions

15-4-4    Relational Operators

15-4-5    Logical Operators and Bitwise Operators

15-4-6    Constructs

15-4-7    Discrete and Process Implementations

Questions

Web and Data Sheet Questions

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